本文關(guān)鍵詞： 少數(shù)民族 移民 社區(qū) 成長　出處：《蘭州大學》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：20世紀80年代初,國家開始對那些自然環(huán)境極端惡劣、生存空間十分狹窄的特困地區(qū),實施有計劃、有組織的農(nóng)村人口遷移,以緩解人口壓力,并扶持移民異地脫貧。在這樣的背景下,甘肅省為了解決中部干旱地區(qū)和東南部高寒陰濕山區(qū)11個縣的貧困問題,實施了“興西濟中、扶貧開發(fā)”的戰(zhàn)略,先后在河西走廊安置了“兩西移民”、疏勒河項目移民、九甸峽項目移民這三大項目移民。 疏勒河流域農(nóng)業(yè)綜合開發(fā)暨移民安置項目自1996年實施以來,在瓜州縣6個項目區(qū)集中安置積石山、禮縣、和政等9個縣市移民7547戶,并于2005年12月將前4個項目區(qū)正式移交給瓜州縣,成立了雙塔鄉(xiāng)、七墩回族東鄉(xiāng)族鄉(xiāng)、安康村、馬家泉村、扎花營村。我們來到的是七墩回族東鄉(xiāng)族鄉(xiāng),全鄉(xiāng)轄三墩、錦華、匯源三個行政村,其中錦華、匯源為主要的少數(shù)民族聚居村。站在社區(qū)研究的視角,社區(qū)地理空間的構(gòu)建并不代表著社區(qū)社會空間和文化空間的形成,社區(qū)更多強調(diào)的是多種空間的整合,尤其是來自不同區(qū)域不同背景的移民如何協(xié)力合作、建立一種有效積極的聯(lián)系,如何逐漸建立起一種對新環(huán)境的認同和歸屬,從而真正成為“當?shù)厝恕倍鞘恰皶壕诱摺?我們調(diào)查的七墩鄉(xiāng)錦華村就是研究這一問題的典型社區(qū),移居到這里的村民經(jīng)歷了數(shù)次“搖擺式”的抉擇與遷徙之后最終定居�！肮现萑恕�、“河西人”逐漸成為他們的新身份。這一切的漸變都在呈現(xiàn)一個事實：一個真正的社區(qū)正在成長。 本文即圍繞瓜州縣七墩鄉(xiāng)少數(shù)民族移民社區(qū)的成長過程展開研究,撰寫的行文主要分為以下幾個部分：1、移民在搬與不搬之間的猶豫不決,并考量了利于發(fā)展的幾個重要指標之后,移民定居了下來,克服種種困難,奮力建設家園；2、移民通過與鄰里社區(qū)和社區(qū)內(nèi)部的長期互動,形成了集體感和道德感,并對新社區(qū)的生產(chǎn)生活狀況做出了積極評價；3、社區(qū)基層組織及其選舉,在移民初期引發(fā)了一些矛盾,但隨著社區(qū)的發(fā)展,社區(qū)基層組織逐漸發(fā)揮著正面的功能,并逐步完善；4、清真寺是穆斯林民族的象征符號,移民在資源相對貧乏的新社區(qū),通過自身努力,建立起了他們的靈魂支柱——清真寺,宗教成了移民長期定居于此的重要基石；5、水及其管理對于戈壁攤上的灌溉農(nóng)業(yè)來說可謂重中之重,移民社區(qū)圍繞水的管理產(chǎn)生了系列問題,也影響了移民對社區(qū)成長的信心,但移民通過外出務工補償了這方面的欠缺；6、社區(qū)的成長還需關(guān)注社會性別,移民社區(qū)的婦女通過外出打工實現(xiàn)了地位和角色的轉(zhuǎn)換；7、指出社區(qū)成長中遇到的困境,并提出移民群體的期望；8、關(guān)于社區(qū)成長的思考,筆者試圖通過以上社區(qū)組織、清真寺、水的故事、婦女打工等因素,對移民社區(qū)從無到有的成長過程加以反思,同時對民族社區(qū)發(fā)展、社區(qū)整合、社會工作等進行思考。
[Abstract]:In 1980s, the country began to implement a planned and organized migration of rural population to alleviate the population pressure in the extremely harsh natural environment and extremely narrow living space of the special hardship areas. In order to solve the poverty problem in the arid areas of central China and 11 counties in the southeast of China, Gansu Province has implemented the strategy of "Xingxi Ji Zhong, aid-the-poor development". In the Hexi Corridor, "two West immigrants", Shule River project immigrants, Jiudian Gorge project resettlement of these three major projects. Since the implementation of the comprehensive agricultural development and resettlement project in the Shule River Basin in 1996, 7,547 migrants have been resettled in 6 project areas of Guazhou County, including Jishi Mountain, Li County and Hezheng. In December 2005, the first four project areas will be formally transferred to Guazhou County, the establishment of Shuangta Township, Qidun Hui Dongxiang Township, Ankang Village, Majiaquan Village. We come to Qidun Hui Dongxiang Township, three administrative villages under the jurisdiction of the whole township, Jinhua, Huiyuan, among which Jinhua and Huiyuan are the main minority settlement villages. We stand in the perspective of community research. The construction of community geographic space does not represent the formation of community social space and cultural space, the community more emphasis on the integration of multiple spaces, especially from different regions and backgrounds of immigrants how to work together. How to establish an effective and positive relationship, how to gradually establish a kind of identity and belonging to the new environment, so as to truly become "local people" rather than "temporary residents". The village of Jinhua in Qidun Township, which we investigated, is a typical community to study this problem. The villagers who emigrate here have experienced several "swaying" choices and migrations, and finally settled down. "Guazhou people." The "Hexi people" are becoming their new identities. The gradual change in all this presents the fact that a real community is growing. This paper focuses on the development process of minority immigrant communities in Qidun Township of Guazhou County. The main writing is divided into the following parts: 1, immigrants in the move and not to move between the hesitant. After considering several important indicators for development, immigrants settled down, overcome various difficulties and worked hard to build their homes. (2) through the long-term interaction with the neighborhood community and the community, the immigrants formed a sense of group and morality, and made a positive evaluation of the production and living conditions of the new community; (3) Community grass-roots organizations and their elections have caused some contradictions in the initial stage of immigration, but with the development of the community, the community grass-roots organizations gradually play a positive role and gradually improve; 4, Mosque is the symbol of the Muslim nation, immigrants in the relatively poor resources of the new community, through their own efforts, the establishment of their soul pillar-Mosque. Religion became an important cornerstone for immigrants to settle here for a long time. 5. Water and its management are the most important for irrigated agriculture on Gobi stand. Migrant communities have a series of problems around water management, and also affect the confidence of immigrants to community growth. But immigrants compensate for this by going out to work; 6. the growth of the community also needs to pay attention to the gender, the immigrant community women through the migrant workers to achieve the status and role of the transition; 7. to point out the difficulties encountered in the development of the community, and put forward the expectation of the immigrant group; 8. On the reflection of community growth, the author tries to reflect on the growing process of immigrant communities from scratch through the above factors, such as community organizations, mosques, water stories, women working, and so on. At the same time, the development of ethnic communities, community integration, social work and other thinking.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D632.4;C95

【引證文獻】

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1 何瑞;生活重建與社區(qū)成長[D];蘭州大學;2012年

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本文編號：1460743