【摘要】：目的:通過調(diào)查了解太原市成年早期抑郁障礙患者的情緒智力現(xiàn)狀,探討患者人格及兒童期虐待對(duì)其情緒智力的影響,據(jù)此擬定出科學(xué)、可行的情緒智力健康教育課程,觀察患者抑郁程度及情緒智力的改善情況。方法:1、現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查:于2015年9月至2016年9月,采用方便抽樣的方式選取了太原市三所三級(jí)甲等醫(yī)院成年早期抑郁障礙的住院患者共150名進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,了解成年早期抑郁障礙患者情緒智力水平及他們的人格和兒童期虐待經(jīng)歷;配對(duì)調(diào)查:按同年齡(相差±3歲)、同性別、同文化程度、同婚姻狀況、同居住地1:1配對(duì),選擇150名健康人作為健康對(duì)照組調(diào)查其情緒智力的情況;分析出影響成年早期抑郁障礙患者情緒智力的因素及交互作用;比較抑郁障礙患者與健康人情緒智力之間的差異。2、課程擬定:在百余篇文獻(xiàn)查閱及半年臨床預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,為優(yōu)化抑郁障礙患者臨床路徑中的護(hù)理健康教育內(nèi)容,構(gòu)建情緒智力團(tuán)體干預(yù)模型,以此為基礎(chǔ)課題組反復(fù)論證研究設(shè)計(jì)出《抑郁障礙情緒智力團(tuán)體健康教育課程》多媒體課程,每次80分鐘,共4次完成。3、干預(yù)研究:在前期工作的基礎(chǔ)上,選取1所三級(jí)甲等醫(yī)院精神衛(wèi)生科符合入組條件的臨床抑郁障礙患者60例,采用隨機(jī)分組的方法,將病房的南區(qū)分為干預(yù)組,北區(qū)分為對(duì)照組,各30名。對(duì)照組采用科室常規(guī)的健康教育,例如出入院宣教,包括用藥指導(dǎo)、安全教育等,干預(yù)組在常規(guī)健康教育的基礎(chǔ)上引入《抑郁障礙情緒智力團(tuán)體健康教育課程》,評(píng)價(jià)工具為《一般資料問卷》、《情緒智力量表》及《漢密爾頓抑郁量表》。采用組間對(duì)照與自身前后對(duì)照的方法進(jìn)行效果評(píng)價(jià),以上所得數(shù)據(jù)均采用SPSS17.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析處理。結(jié)果:1、調(diào)查研究結(jié)果:成年早期抑郁障礙情緒智力總均分為3.53±0.43,患者的情緒智力各維度及總分均顯著低于健康人,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.01);情緒智力總分及各維度得分在性別、年齡、文化程度、居住地均無差異,他人管理在婚姻狀態(tài)上存在差異(t=-2.18,p0.05),其中已婚人士他人管理得分為(3.75±0.70)顯著高于未婚人士(3.51±0.63);自我管理在不同發(fā)病次數(shù)下存在差異(t=-2.14,p0.05),復(fù)發(fā)患者自我管理得分為(3.61±0.55)顯著高于首發(fā)患者自我管理得分為(3.34±0.59);情緒利用維度在有無家族史上存在差異(t=-2.06,p0.05),其中,有家族史的患者情緒利用得分(3.88±0.55)顯著高于無家族史患者(3.61±0.53);成年早期抑郁障礙患者情緒智力與人格和兒童期虐待存在相關(guān)性,即情緒智力總分與情緒知覺、自我管理、他人管理均與精神質(zhì)呈負(fù)相關(guān),情緒智力總分及各維度與內(nèi)外向呈顯著的正相關(guān),自我管理與神經(jīng)質(zhì)呈負(fù)相關(guān)(p0.05,p0.01);情感忽略與情緒智力總分呈負(fù)相關(guān)(p0.05);并且內(nèi)外向、精神質(zhì)、軀體忽略、不同發(fā)病次數(shù)可以預(yù)測(cè)情緒智力的核心能力自我管理能力,共同解釋自我管理變異的26.5%。2、干預(yù)研究結(jié)果:(1)干預(yù)前干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組之間成年早期抑郁障礙患者的調(diào)查結(jié)果:干預(yù)前干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組在情緒智力總分及各維度得分無差異(p0.05)。hamd得分也無顯著差異(p0.05);(2)干預(yù)后干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組之間成年早期抑郁障礙患者情緒智力的調(diào)查結(jié)果:干預(yù)后干預(yù)組的患者在情緒知覺維度要顯著高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05),而在其他維度有干預(yù)組得分高于對(duì)照組的趨勢(shì),但沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(p0.05);hamd得分有干預(yù)組低于對(duì)照組的趨勢(shì),但是沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(p0.05);(3)干預(yù)組干預(yù)前后成年早期抑郁障礙患者情緒智力的調(diào)查結(jié)果:情緒智力總分及自我管理、情緒知覺和他人管理維度差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05),而情緒利用維度差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05),hamd在干預(yù)前后有顯著性差異(p0.01)。結(jié)論:1、成年早期抑郁障礙患者情緒智力顯著低于健康人,在婚姻狀態(tài)、發(fā)病次數(shù)和家族史差異方面有顯著差異,此類患者的情緒智力水平有待進(jìn)一步提高。2、成年早期抑郁障礙患者人格中內(nèi)外向、神經(jīng)質(zhì)、精神質(zhì)和兒童期虐待中情感忽略對(duì)抑郁障礙患者的情緒智力存在交互影響。3、《抑郁障礙情緒智力團(tuán)體健康教育課程》干預(yù)顯著提升了成年早期抑郁障礙患者的情緒智力水平,干預(yù)組抑郁程度比對(duì)照組更趨改善。4、患者及家屬對(duì)課程反饋良好,幫助患者及家庭成員從親子關(guān)系中覺察與思考情緒智力的各因素現(xiàn)狀,從而增進(jìn)親子鏈接,促進(jìn)親情關(guān)系,提升其情緒智力能力,并遷移到其他的人際關(guān)系中。5、《抑郁障礙情緒智力團(tuán)體健康教育課程》精細(xì)化了護(hù)理路徑的內(nèi)涵、激活了護(hù)士的心理技能應(yīng)用,提升了精神科護(hù)士的心理護(hù)理水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the status of the emotional intelligence of the patients with early depression in Taiyuan, and to explore the influence of the patient's personality and childhood abuse on their emotional intelligence, and to develop a scientific and feasible course of emotional intelligence health education. To observe the degree of depression and the improvement of emotional intelligence. Method:1. The survey of the present situation: From September 2015 to September 2016,150 patients with early-stage depression in the three-third-class hospital in Taiyuan were selected by means of convenient sampling. (b) To understand the level of emotional intelligence and their personality and childhood abuse in adult early-stage depression; paired surveys: to be paired with the same age (3 years of age), with the same sex, with the same degree of culture, with marital status,1:1 in the same place of residence, 150 healthy people were selected as the healthy control group to investigate their emotional intelligence; the factors and interaction of the emotional intelligence of the patients with early depression were analyzed; the differences between the patients with depression and the mental intelligence of the healthy people were compared. On the basis of more than 100 references and semi-annual clinical pre-experiment, to optimize the content of nursing health education in the clinical path of the patients with depression, and to construct the intervention model of the emotional intelligence group, Based on this, the research and design of the research and design of the health education course of the emotional intelligence group of the depressive disorder were designed and the multimedia course was completed at a time of 80 minutes, and the intervention study was conducted on the basis of the earlier work. In the first three-class hospital,60 patients with clinical depression disorder were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control group and 30 control group. The control group adopts the routine health education of the department, such as the education of the entrance and exit, including the guidance of medication, safety education, etc. The intervention group has introduced the Health Education Curriculum of the Emotional Intelligence Community of the Depressive Disorder on the basis of the routine health education, and the evaluation tool is . and . The effect evaluation was carried out by the method of group-group control and self-control, and the data obtained above were subjected to statistical analysis and treatment by using SPSS17.0. Results:1. The results of the investigation showed that the mental intelligence of the early-stage depression was 3.53-0.43, and the mental intelligence and total score of the patients were significantly lower than that of the healthy people (p0.01), the total score of emotional intelligence and the scores of each dimension in the sex, age and culture. There was no difference in the place of residence, and there was a difference in the status of marriage (t =-2.18, p0.05), among which the married persons were divided into (3.75-0.70) significantly higher than those of the unmarried (3.51-0.63); self-management had a difference in the number of different cases (t =-2.14, p0.05). The self-management of the recurrent patient was divided into (3.61-0.55) and the self-management of the first-time patient was significantly higher than that of the first-group (3.34-0.59), and the emotion-utilization dimension had a difference in the family history (t =-2.06, p0.05). The mood utilization score of the patients with family history (3.88-0.55) was significantly higher than that of the non-family history (3.61-0.53), and the emotional intelligence of the adult early-stage depression was related to the personality and childhood abuse, that is, the total score of the emotional intelligence and the emotional and self-management. There was a negative correlation between the management of the others and the mental quality, the total score of the emotional intelligence and the positive correlation between the dimensions and the internal and external directions, the self-management and the neuroticism were negatively correlated (p0.05, p0.01), the emotional neglect was negatively correlated with the total score of the emotional intelligence (p0.05), and the internal and external directions, the spirit and the body were ignored, (1) The results of intervention study: (1) The results of the intervention study between the intervention group and the control group in the early stage of depression: There was no difference (p0.05) between the pre-intervention intervention group and the control group in the total score of emotional intelligence and the scores of each dimension (p0.05). (2) The results of the emotional intelligence of adult early-stage depression in the intervention group and the control group after intervention: There was no statistical difference between the intervention group and the control group, but there was no statistical difference (p0.05); the hamid score had the tendency of the intervention group to be lower than that of the control group. However, there was no statistical difference (p0.05). (3) The results of emotional intelligence of the patients with early-stage depression after the intervention of the intervention group were: the total score of emotional intelligence and the difference of self-management, emotion perception and other people's management dimensions (p0.05). There was no significant difference in the degree of emotion utilization (p0.05), and hamid had a significant difference before and after the intervention (p0.01). Conclusion:1. The emotional intelligence of adult patients with early depression is significantly lower than that of healthy people, and there is a significant difference in the status of marriage, the number of times of occurrence and family history, and the level of emotional intelligence of such patients is to be further improved. In that neurotic, mental and childhood abuse, the emotional neglect has an interactive effect on the emotional intelligence of the patient with depression. The degree of depression of the intervention group is more improved than that of the control group. The mental skill of nurses is activated, and the psychological nursing level of the nurses is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R473.74

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