本文選題：泌尿系感染　切入點：耐藥性　出處：《中華醫(yī)院感染學雜志》2017年13期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的了解泌尿系感染常見病原菌分布及耐藥性,為臨床抗菌藥物使用及醫(yī)院感染控制提供可靠依據(jù)。方法收集醫(yī)院2009年1月-2015年12月分離的泌尿系感染病原菌4296株,采用Microscan Walkway 40分析系統(tǒng)和VITEK-2compact全自動藥敏鑒定分析儀對菌株進行鑒定及藥敏試驗,并對結果進行分析。結果 4296株病原菌中,革蘭陰性菌2476株占57.64%,革蘭陽性菌1169株占27.21%,真菌651株占15.15%;分離率占前五位的分別為大腸埃希菌1098株(25.56%)、屎腸球菌570株(13.27%)、肺炎克雷伯菌380株(8.85%)、銅綠假單胞菌349株(8.12%),糞腸球菌300株(6.98%);碳青霉烯類對大腸埃希菌保持了較好的抗菌活性,但對銅綠假單胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌出現(xiàn)了較高的耐藥性,其耐藥率分別為2.0%、41.2%、39.47%;屎腸球菌對各種抗菌藥物的耐藥率明顯高于糞腸球菌,耐萬古霉素的屎腸球菌和糞腸球菌檢出率分別為38.9%、3.3%。結論醫(yī)院泌尿系感染病原菌以革蘭陰性菌為主,細菌耐藥性監(jiān)測能夠?qū)εR床合理使用抗菌藥物提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogens in urinary tract infection, and to provide reliable basis for clinical use of antibiotics and control of nosocomial infection. Methods 4296 strains of pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection were collected from January 2009 to December 2015 in hospital. Microscan Walkway 40 analysis system and VITEK-2compact automatic drug sensitivity analyzer were used to identify the strains and drug sensitivity test, and the results were analyzed. 2476 Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 57.64, 1169 Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 27.21 and 651 fungi accounted for 15.15.The first five isolates were Escherichia coli 1098, Enterococcus faecium 570, Klebsiella pneumoniae 380, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8.12B. The antimicrobial activity of carbapenems against Escherichia coli was better. But the resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was higher than that of Enterococcus faecium, and the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was 2.0 / 41.2 / 39.47.The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to various antimicrobial agents was significantly higher than that of Enterococcus faecalis. The detectable rates of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis were 38.9 and 3.30.Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of nosocomial urinary tract infection, and bacterial resistance monitoring can provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic.
【作者單位】： 北京大學第九臨床醫(yī)學院首都醫(yī)科大學附屬北京世紀壇醫(yī)院臨床檢驗中心尿液細胞分子診斷北京市重點實驗室;
【基金】：北京市醫(yī)管局首屆登峰人才計劃基金資助項目(DFL20150701)
【分類號】：R446.5;R691.3

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