發(fā)布時間：2018-01-22 04:10

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 空巢老人 小組心理干預(yù) 孤獨感 生活質(zhì)量　出處：《中國全科醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年16期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：背景空巢老人孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量的歸因探索多,心理健康維護(hù)與疏導(dǎo)的實踐性研究少。目的針對空巢老人孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量的影響因素,探索適合空巢老人心理健康維護(hù)的小組心理干預(yù)方案。方法采用多階段抽樣的方法,首先采用抽簽的方式在內(nèi)蒙古赤峰市紅山區(qū)隨機(jī)抽取2個所轄街道居委會為干預(yù)社區(qū),在松山區(qū)隨機(jī)抽取2個所轄街道居委會為對照社區(qū);然后采用方便抽樣的方法,在干預(yù)社區(qū)及對照社區(qū)分別選取38例空巢老人納入干預(yù)組及對照組。對照組接受常規(guī)社區(qū)護(hù)理干預(yù)項目,干預(yù)組在此基礎(chǔ)上接受為期3個月的小組心理干預(yù)。分別于干預(yù)前、后,采用UCLA孤獨量表(UCL-LS)、健康調(diào)查簡表(SF-36)進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查。干預(yù)前共發(fā)放問卷76份,回收有效問卷76份,問卷有效回收率為100.0%。干預(yù)過程中7例退出,干預(yù)后共發(fā)放問卷69份,回收有效問卷69份,問卷有效回收率為100.0%。結(jié)果對于干預(yù)效果進(jìn)行兩因素(分組因素及時間因素)方差分析,分組因素包括兩個水平(干預(yù)組和對照組),時間因素包括兩個水平(干預(yù)前和干預(yù)后)。結(jié)果顯示,分組因素在孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量得分上的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.05)。時間因素在孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量得分上的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.05)。同時,分組與時間因素在孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量得分上的交互作用顯著(P0.05)。進(jìn)一步簡單效應(yīng)分析結(jié)果顯示,干預(yù)前兩組孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量得分間差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);干預(yù)后兩組孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量得分間差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。對照組干預(yù)前后孤獨感得分間差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),而生活質(zhì)量得分間差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);干預(yù)組干預(yù)前后孤獨感及生活質(zhì)量得分間差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論針對性的小組心理干預(yù)可降低空巢老人的孤獨感,有助于其生活質(zhì)量的提高,對社區(qū)空巢老人心理健康的維護(hù)工作具有實踐指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Background the attribution of loneliness and quality of life of empty-nesters is more than that of mental health maintenance and guidance. Objective to analyze the factors affecting loneliness and quality of life of empty-nesters. Objective: to explore a group psychological intervention scheme suitable for the mental health maintenance of empty-nest elderly. Methods Multi-stage sampling was used. First, draw lots in the red mountain area of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, randomly selected two neighborhood committees as intervention community, in Songshan district randomly selected two neighborhood committees as the control community; Then the convenient sampling method was used to select 38 empty nest elderly in the intervention community and control community respectively to be included in the intervention group and the control group. The control group received routine community nursing intervention items. The intervention group received group psychological intervention for 3 months on this basis. Before and after intervention, UCLA Loneness scale (UCL-LS) was used. 76 questionnaires were sent out before the intervention, 76 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the effective recovery rate was 100.0. 7 cases withdrew from the intervention process. A total of 69 questionnaires were sent out after intervention, 69 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate of the questionnaires was 100.00.Results two factors (grouped factors and time factors) were used to analyze the variance of the intervention effect. The subgroup factors included two levels (intervention group and control group) and time factor included two levels (pre-intervention and post-intervention). The main effects of group factors on loneliness and quality of life scores were significantly higher than those of time factors on loneliness and quality of life scores. Meanwhile, the main effects of time factors on loneliness and quality of life scores were significantly higher than that of time factors. The interaction between group and time factors in loneliness and quality of life score was significant (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of loneliness and quality of life between the two groups before intervention (P 0.05). There were significant differences in loneliness and quality of life scores between the two groups after intervention, but there was no significant difference in loneliness scores before and after intervention in the control group (P 0.05). The difference of quality of life score was statistically significant (P 0.05). There were significant differences in loneliness and quality of life scores between the intervention group before and after intervention. Conclusion the targeted group psychological intervention can reduce the loneliness of empty nest elderly and contribute to the improvement of their quality of life. It is of practical significance to maintain the mental health of the empty nest elderly in the community.
【作者單位】： 湖州師范學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)院·護(hù)理學(xué)院;浙江省寧波市中醫(yī)院護(hù)理部;哈爾濱醫(yī)科大學(xué)大慶校區(qū)護(hù)理學(xué)院;內(nèi)蒙古赤峰市松山區(qū)振興街道辦事處;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金項目(13CRK009)
【分類號】：R473
【正文快照】： Effect of Group Psychological Intervention on the Loneliness and Quality of Life in Urban Empty-nesters LI Sha-sha1,WANG Mi2,WANG Li-na1*,SU Hong3,CAO Jia-ying41.School of MedicineNursing Sciences,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China2.Nursing Departmen

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