本文關(guān)鍵詞：行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向教育法對(duì)穩(wěn)定期COPD患者肺康復(fù)效果研究　出處：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：目的探討行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向教育法對(duì)COPD患者肺功能康復(fù)的影響,進(jìn)而提高患者行為的依從性,達(dá)到緩解患者呼吸困難癥狀和改善生活質(zhì)量的目的,為COPD患者肺康復(fù)的健康教育提供臨床實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法研究對(duì)象選取2016年3月至2017年1月青島市某三甲醫(yī)院90例COPD穩(wěn)定期患者分為干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組。對(duì)照組患者給予常規(guī)治療和護(hù)理,干預(yù)組通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)回顧、專(zhuān)家咨詢(xún)、臨床訪(fǎng)談等方法基礎(chǔ)上確定行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向教育法干預(yù)方案,干預(yù)組在常規(guī)治療的基礎(chǔ)上給予行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向教育法的干預(yù)方案,出院后電話(huà)隨訪(fǎng)和健康指導(dǎo)。兩組分別在住院期間、出院后1個(gè)月、3個(gè)月和6個(gè)月進(jìn)行資料收集,包括肺功能指標(biāo)、6分鐘步行距離和圣·喬治醫(yī)院呼吸問(wèn)題調(diào)查問(wèn)卷(The St George’S Respiratory Questionnaire SGRQ)生活質(zhì)量的測(cè)評(píng)。全部數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSSl7.0軟件處理。結(jié)果1.干預(yù)前兩組患者的一般資料情況,基本臨床資料比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),兩組數(shù)據(jù)具有可比性,兩組患者各項(xiàng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)(肺功能、生活質(zhì)量、6分鐘步行試驗(yàn)、呼吸困難評(píng)分等)基線(xiàn)比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),兩組具有可比性。2.干預(yù)前兩組患者的肺功能對(duì)比無(wú)明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。干預(yù)后1個(gè)月FEVl、FVC、FEV1/FVC干預(yù)組相比于對(duì)照組兩組間對(duì)比差異具無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,t值分別為0.198、0.463和0.046(P0.05);干預(yù)3個(gè)月FEVl、FVC、FEV1/FVC干預(yù)組相比于對(duì)照組兩組比較相比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,t值分別為3.53、2.89和2.20(P0.05);干預(yù)6個(gè)月FEVl、FVC、FEV1/FVC干預(yù)組相比于對(duì)照組兩組比較相比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,t值分別為5.48、4.06和5.00(P0.05)。3.干預(yù)前兩組患者的SGRQ各項(xiàng)得分對(duì)比無(wú)明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。干預(yù)后,干預(yù)組患者SGRQ總分(36.50±3.07)低于對(duì)照(49.37±3.71);干預(yù)組患者癥狀得分(35.45±5.45)低于對(duì)照(52.32±4.61);干預(yù)組患者活動(dòng)能力得分(43.89±10.60)低于對(duì)照(61.67±5.45);干預(yù)組患者疾病對(duì)生活的影響得分(32.93±5.40)低于對(duì)照(44.74±6.12),差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。4.干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組6分鐘步行試驗(yàn)比較,干預(yù)1個(gè)月(263.25±28.25)、3個(gè)月(269.20±28.50)、6個(gè)月(274.15±27.43)相對(duì)于對(duì)照組1個(gè)月(241.76±263.25)、3個(gè)月(241.43±18.91)、6個(gè)月(232.05±38.34)有所提高,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向教育法有助于改善COPD患者的肺功能,緩解患者的呼吸困難程度,提高患者的生活質(zhì)量。研究中將行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向教育法作為健康教育的一部分和住院護(hù)理的延伸,使患者回到家中通過(guò)行為的轉(zhuǎn)變從而達(dá)到肺康復(fù)的目的,護(hù)士對(duì)患者進(jìn)行反復(fù)、有針對(duì)性的行為指導(dǎo),提高患者對(duì)疾病的認(rèn)知,改善患者的日常不良行為,通過(guò)隨訪(fǎng)和復(fù)診加強(qiáng)患者出院后遵醫(yī)行為,可以起到延緩患者肺功能的持續(xù)下降,改善患者的生存質(zhì)量的目的。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the effect of action oriented education on the rehabilitation of pulmonary function in patients with COPD, so as to improve the compliance of patients with behavior, so as to alleviate the symptoms of dyspnea and improve the quality of life. To provide clinical experience and scientific basis for health education of lung rehabilitation in patients with COPD. Methods 90 cases of stable COPD in a third Class A Hospital in Qingdao from March 2016 to January 2017 were selected. The patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group. The patients in the control group were given routine treatment and nursing. Intervention group through literature review, expert consultation, clinical interviews and other methods based on the determination of action oriented education intervention program, intervention group on the basis of routine treatment on the basis of action oriented education intervention program. After discharge, data were collected during hospitalization, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after discharge, including pulmonary function indicators. 6-minute walk distance and St. George's Hospital Respiratory questionnaire, the St George'S Respiratory Questionnaire SGRQ. Quality of life evaluation. All data were processed by SPSSl7.0 software. Results 1. General data of the two groups before intervention. 2. There was no significant difference in the basic clinical data between the two groups (P 0.05). The two groups had comparable data. The two groups had different evaluation indexes (lung function, quality of life, 6-minute walking test). Compared with baseline, there was no significant difference (P 0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in pulmonary function between the two groups (P 0.05). One month after intervention, FEVlFVC. There was no significant difference between FEV1/FVC intervention group and control group (0.198 0.63 vs 0.046 P 0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the FEVlC1 / FVC intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group (3.53, P < 0.05). 2.89 and 2.20 P0.05; After 6 months of intervention, there was significant difference in FEVlC1 / FEV1 / FVC intervention group compared with the control group (5.48). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores of SGRQ between the two groups. The total score of SGRQ in the intervention group (36.50 鹵3.07) was lower than that in the control group (49.37 鹵3.71). The symptom score of intervention group (35.45 鹵5.45) was lower than that of control group (52.32 鹵4.61). The score of activity ability in the intervention group (43.89 鹵10.60) was lower than that in the control group (61.67 鹵5.45). The score of the effect of disease on life in the intervention group was 32.93 鹵5.40, which was lower than that in the control group (44.74 鹵6.12). The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The 6-minute walking test between the intervention group and the control group was 263.25 鹵28.25 in 1 month. Compared with the control group, it was 269.20 鹵28.50 and 274.15 鹵27.43 at 3 months, and 241.76 鹵263.25 at 1 month respectively. In 3 months, 241.43 鹵18.91 and 232.05 鹵38.34 respectively. Conclusion Activity-oriented education method can improve the pulmonary function of patients with COPD and alleviate the degree of dyspnea in patients with COPD. To improve the quality of life of patients. In the study, as a part of health education and the extension of in-patient care, the action oriented education method is used to make patients return home through behavior change to achieve the purpose of lung rehabilitation. Nurses repeatedly, targeted behavior guidance, improve the patient's understanding of the disease, improve the patients' daily bad behavior, through follow-up and follow-up to strengthen the patient's compliance behavior after discharge. It can delay the continuous decline of pulmonary function and improve the patient's quality of life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R473.5

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