【摘要】：時(shí)間同步問題是無線傳感網(wǎng)中非常關(guān)鍵的一個(gè)問題。傳統(tǒng)的時(shí)間同步方法如GPS和NTP已經(jīng)非常成熟,但是高能耗、高復(fù)雜度和苛刻的環(huán)境要求使得它們在無線傳感網(wǎng)的應(yīng)用中存在一定的不足。為了彌補(bǔ)這些不足,本文基于FM報(bào)時(shí)信號(hào),提出了一種適用于無線傳感網(wǎng)的低功耗高精度時(shí)間同步方法并設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間同步硬件系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證該方法的有效性與可行性。本文所設(shè)計(jì)基于FM報(bào)時(shí)信號(hào)的時(shí)間同步系統(tǒng),在FM報(bào)時(shí)信號(hào)到達(dá)前被喚醒,喚醒后接收FM廣播信號(hào),經(jīng)解調(diào)電路解調(diào)為FM音頻信號(hào),運(yùn)用數(shù)字信號(hào)處理的方法從FM音頻信號(hào)中甄別FM報(bào)時(shí)信號(hào),輸出時(shí)間同步信號(hào)。該時(shí)間同步系統(tǒng)具有自主喚醒和休眠的功能,在FM報(bào)時(shí)信號(hào)前喚醒,時(shí)間同步結(jié)束后休眠。通過測試,本文所設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)間同步方法平均精度可達(dá)1毫秒,時(shí)間同步年功耗為117毫安時(shí),該方法已經(jīng)應(yīng)用在實(shí)際的無線傳感網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中。本文首先對(duì)FM報(bào)時(shí)信號(hào)進(jìn)行提取,分析設(shè)計(jì)難點(diǎn),針對(duì)存在的難點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)出時(shí)間同步方法,并用軟件仿真的方式進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證;然后設(shè)計(jì)了針對(duì)FM報(bào)時(shí)信號(hào)的休眠機(jī)制,解決系統(tǒng)功耗問題;最后設(shè)計(jì)了時(shí)間同步硬件系統(tǒng)的基本時(shí)間模塊、信號(hào)處理與控制模塊和時(shí)間同步模塊,詳細(xì)介紹了設(shè)計(jì)方案,尤其在時(shí)間同步模塊第一版的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了更加穩(wěn)定的數(shù)字化時(shí)間同步模塊。最后搭建時(shí)間同步系統(tǒng)測試平臺(tái),對(duì)時(shí)間同步系統(tǒng)的有效性、時(shí)間同步精度和功耗進(jìn)行測試。
[Abstract]:Time synchronization is a very key problem in wireless sensor networks. Traditional time synchronization methods such as GPS and NTP have been very mature, but high energy consumption, high complexity and harsh environmental requirements make them have some shortcomings in the application of wireless sensing networks. In order to make up for these shortcomings, based on FM time signal, a low power consumption and high precision time synchronization method for wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper, and a time synchronization hardware system is designed to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the method. The time synchronization system based on FM time signal is designed in this paper. the time synchronization system is awakened before the FM time signal arrives, receives the FM broadcast signal after awakening, and Demodulate it into FM audio signal. The FM time signal is screened from the FM audio signal by digital signal processing, and the time synchronization signal is output. The time synchronization system has the functions of autonomous wake-up and dormancy. It wakes up before the FM time signal and sleeps after the time synchronization ends. Through the test, the average accuracy of the time synchronization method designed in this paper can reach 1 millisecond, and the annual power consumption of time synchronization is 117 Ma. This method has been applied to the actual wireless sensor network system. In this paper, the FM time signal is extracted, the design difficulties are analyzed, and the time synchronization method is designed according to the existing difficulties, and verified by software simulation. Then the dormancy mechanism of FM timing signal is designed to solve the problem of system power consumption. Finally, the basic time module, signal processing and control module and time synchronization module of the time synchronization hardware system are designed, and the design scheme is introduced in detail. Especially on the basis of the first edition of the time synchronization module, a more stable digital time synchronization module is designed. Finally, the test platform of time synchronization system is built to test the effectiveness, time synchronization accuracy and power consumption of time synchronization system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：2496443