【摘要】：隨著電子電子技術(shù)、微處理器和電機控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展,交流調(diào)速性能日益提高。為滿足高性能和節(jié)能的要求,交流電機調(diào)速以其特有的優(yōu)點,有取代直流調(diào)速的趨勢。異步電機的無速度傳感器矢量控制(或磁場定向控制,FOC)技術(shù)作為現(xiàn)代交流傳動控制的一個主要研究方向,逐漸成為研究的熱點。論文介紹了交流調(diào)速相關(guān)技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及國內(nèi)外交流調(diào)速現(xiàn)狀。以交流異步電機的三相數(shù)學(xué)模型為基礎(chǔ),利用坐標變換理論得到異步電機在兩相同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標系下的簡化模型,并利用轉(zhuǎn)子磁場定向的方法,設(shè)計了轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈觀測器,以實現(xiàn)異步電機定子電流的轉(zhuǎn)矩分量和勵磁分量的解耦。仿照他勵直流電機的控制策略,設(shè)計了無速度傳感器矢量控制算法的速度與電流雙閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),并通過MATLAB建模仿真,驗證了基于狀態(tài)方程直接綜合法的無速度傳感器FOC控制策略的有效性和合理性。根據(jù)異步電機矢量控制的原理,進行了以TMS320F2812(32位定點DSP芯片)為主控制器的交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)硬件和軟件的設(shè)計。在Altium Designer硬件設(shè)計平臺中,設(shè)計了主電路(單相不可控整流、濾波、逆變)、信號采集電路(電流采集、電壓采集、速度采集)、驅(qū)動電路(DSP最小系統(tǒng)、PWM隔離)等;在CCS集成開發(fā)環(huán)境下,采用C語言與IQmath編程,開發(fā)了控制算法程序(AD采集、PI調(diào)節(jié)器、坐標變換、SVPWM、轉(zhuǎn)子磁鏈估算器、速度估算器)、硬件保護程序(IPM故障保護、過流保護)、通信程序(鍵盤操作、液晶顯示);為了實現(xiàn)控制系統(tǒng)的靈活性,采用LabVIEW編寫了上位機控制程序,使PC機通過串口對DSP進行控制,并將系統(tǒng)運行狀態(tài)顯示在PC機上。論文最后給出了異步電機電流閉環(huán)控制的實驗結(jié)果和波形分析,驗證了空間矢量PWM調(diào)制算法、電流閉環(huán)控制以及系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的有效性和可行性,為后續(xù)的電機控制理論研究和程序開發(fā)奠定了必要的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the development of electronic technology, microprocessor and motor control technology, AC speed regulation performance is improving day by day. In order to meet the requirements of high performance and energy saving, AC motor speed regulation has a tendency to replace DC speed regulation because of its unique advantages. The speed sensorless vector control (, FOC) technology of induction motor (or magnetic field oriented control), as one of the main research directions of modern AC drive control, has gradually become a hot research topic. This paper introduces the development of AC speed regulation technology and the current situation of AC speed regulation at home and abroad. Based on the three-phase mathematical model of AC induction motor, the simplified model of asynchronous motor in two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system is obtained by using the coordinate transformation theory, and the rotor flux observer is designed by using the method of rotor magnetic field orientation. In order to realize the decoupling of torque component and excitation component of stator current of asynchronous motor. According to the control strategy of other excitation DC motor, the speed and current double closed loop control system of speed sensorless vector control algorithm is designed, and is modeled and simulated by MATLAB. The validity and rationality of the speed sensorless FOC control strategy based on the direct synthesis method of the equation of state are verified. According to the principle of vector control of induction motor, the hardware and software of AC speed regulating system based on TMS320F2812 (32-bit fixed-point DSP chip) are designed. In the Altium Designer hardware design platform, the main circuit (single-phase uncontrolled rectifier, filter, inverter), signal acquisition circuit (current acquisition, voltage acquisition, speed acquisition), driving circuit (DSP minimum system, PWM isolation) and so on are designed. Under the CCS integrated development environment, the control algorithm program (AD acquisition, PI regulator, coordinate transformation, SVPWM, rotor flux estimator, velocity estimator) and hardware protection program (IPM fault protection, etc.) are developed by using C language and IQmath programming. Overcurrent protection), communication program (keyboard operation, LCD display); In order to realize the flexibility of the control system, the control program of the upper computer is programmed by LabVIEW, which makes the PC control the DSP through the serial port, and displays the running state of the system on the PC. Finally, the experimental results and waveform analysis of current closed-loop control of asynchronous motor are given, and the validity and feasibility of space vector PWM modulation algorithm, current closed-loop control and system design are verified. It lays a foundation for the follow-up research of motor control theory and program development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM343;TP273

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