發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-10 10:43

【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會(huì),嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題以及不可再生能源的逐漸缺乏問(wèn)題,受到越來(lái)越多的國(guó)家關(guān)注。電動(dòng)汽車(Electric Vehicle,EV)作為新能源汽車,本身具有節(jié)能環(huán)保的優(yōu)勢(shì),順應(yīng)了時(shí)代的潮流,從而受到許多國(guó)家的關(guān)注及重視。伴隨著電動(dòng)汽車在電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)方面的不斷研究和發(fā)展,無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的優(yōu)勢(shì)也越來(lái)越受到許多廠家的青睞,并且在科研方面占據(jù)著重要的位置。當(dāng)然,怎樣把系統(tǒng)的整體性能有效地提高一直是廠家密切關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。本課題所研究的無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)相比于傳統(tǒng)的控制系統(tǒng)具有較高的穩(wěn)定性,較強(qiáng)的抗干擾能力等優(yōu)勢(shì),并且可以有效地克服傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)所引起的換相轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)等問(wèn)題,具有很好的應(yīng)用前景。本課題在滿足電動(dòng)汽車對(duì)性能的要求的前提下,同時(shí)為了彌補(bǔ)無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)自身的不足,提出了一種車用無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)方案。永磁無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)(Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor,BLDCM)兼有著直流電機(jī)與交流電機(jī)兩者的優(yōu)點(diǎn),比如能夠及時(shí)對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)情況作出反應(yīng);結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)也比較簡(jiǎn)單,能夠減少對(duì)空間的占用。故它在工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域方面得到了越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用,然而無(wú)刷電機(jī)也并不是那么完美,它本身也存在著如非線性等問(wèn)題,局限了它在控制精度方面的提高。本課題通過(guò)此電機(jī)在α-β坐標(biāo)系下所建立的非線性數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用無(wú)跡卡爾曼濾波(UnscentedKalmanFilter,UKF)算法來(lái)在線觀測(cè)定子上的磁鏈值并同時(shí)估算轉(zhuǎn)子的位置及速度,再與直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制(direct torque control,DTC)方法相結(jié)合來(lái)控制電機(jī)。該算法具有較高的計(jì)算精度和魯棒性,能夠更準(zhǔn)確的選出對(duì)應(yīng)的電壓空間矢量從而能更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)無(wú)刷電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩的直接控制。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more countries pay attention to the serious environmental pollution and the lack of non-renewable energy. Electric vehicle (Electric Vehicle,EV), as a new energy vehicle, has the advantage of energy saving and environmental protection, and conforms to the trend of the times. With the continuous research and development of electric vehicle in motor control system, the advantages of brushless DC motor are more and more favored by many manufacturers, and occupy an important position in scientific research. Of course, how to effectively improve the overall performance of the system has been a matter of close concern to manufacturers. Compared with the traditional control system, the brushless DC motor control system studied in this paper has the advantages of high stability and strong anti-interference ability, and can effectively overcome the problems of commutation torque ripple caused by the traditional system. It has a good application prospect. In order to make up for the shortage of brushless DC motor, a control system scheme of brushless DC motor for vehicle is put forward in this paper, on the premise of satisfying the requirement of performance of electric vehicle, and in order to make up the deficiency of brushless DC motor itself. Permanent magnet brushless DC motor (Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor,BLDCM) has the advantages of both DC motor and AC motor, such as the ability to respond to the field situation in time, and the relatively simple structure, which can reduce the occupation of space. Therefore, it has been more and more widely used in the field of industrial control. However, the brushless motor is not so perfect, and it also has some problems such as nonlinearity, which limits the improvement of its control precision. Based on the nonlinear mathematical model of the motor in 偽-尾 coordinate system, the unscented Kalman filter (UnscentedKalmanFilter,UKF) algorithm is used to on-line observe the flux value of the stator and to estimate the rotor position and speed at the same time. Then combined with the direct torque control (direct torque control,DTC) method to control the motor. The algorithm has high calculation accuracy and robustness, and can select the corresponding voltage space vector more accurately, and can better realize the direct control of the torque of brushless motor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP273;TM33

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本文編號(hào)：2322247