【摘要】：太陽(yáng)總輻射是氣象探測(cè)、太陽(yáng)能資源利用等領(lǐng)域中的一種重要測(cè)量參數(shù)。太陽(yáng)總輻射傳感器是一種重要的地面氣象觀測(cè)儀器,也是太陽(yáng)能資源普查與光伏電站運(yùn)行監(jiān)控領(lǐng)域不可缺少的裝備。目前國(guó)外的太陽(yáng)總輻射傳感器精度高,但價(jià)格昂貴。為設(shè)計(jì)出低成本、高精度的太陽(yáng)總輻射傳感器,本文針對(duì)環(huán)境溫度會(huì)影響總輻射測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確度的問(wèn)題,提出了一種基于熱電效應(yīng)的總輻射傳感器設(shè)計(jì)。該傳感器系統(tǒng)由傳感器探頭、信號(hào)采集電路、溫度補(bǔ)償算法、嵌入式系統(tǒng)及上位機(jī)構(gòu)成。利用計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)方法對(duì)該傳感器探頭進(jìn)行了流-固耦合傳熱分析。硬件方面,本文選用低功耗和高性價(jià)比的STM32作為主控芯片,設(shè)計(jì)了一種高精度AD采集電路,運(yùn)用熱電堆、PT100溫度傳感器進(jìn)行測(cè)量。為了簡(jiǎn)化硬件電路,同時(shí)保證測(cè)量的高精度,利用了 Levenberg-Marquardt算法對(duì)熱電堆溫度特性進(jìn)行擬合測(cè)量溫差;為了消除環(huán)境溫度引起的總輻射測(cè)量誤差,采用了Back-Propagation (BP)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)修正溫漂;為了方便觀測(cè)者使用,本文開(kāi)發(fā)了基于C#的配套上位機(jī)軟件。本系統(tǒng)中,傳感器的溫度補(bǔ)償范圍為-20℃～40℃,外場(chǎng)測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,利用修正算法進(jìn)行誤差修正后,讀數(shù)精度可達(dá)2.79%,滿量程精度達(dá)1.66%。該傳感器在氣象探測(cè)、光伏電站等領(lǐng)域具有應(yīng)用潛力。
[Abstract]:Total solar radiation is an important measurement parameter in meteorological survey, solar energy resource utilization and so on. The total solar radiation sensor is an important surface meteorological observation instrument, and is also an indispensable equipment in the field of solar energy resources survey and photovoltaic power station operation monitoring. At present, the precision of the total solar radiation sensor is high, but the price is expensive. In order to design a low cost and high precision total solar radiation sensor, a total radiation sensor based on thermoelectric effect is proposed to solve the problem that ambient temperature will affect the accuracy of total radiation measurement. The sensor system consists of sensor probe, signal acquisition circuit, temperature compensation algorithm, embedded system and upper system. The fluid-solid coupling heat transfer analysis of the sensor probe was carried out by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. In the aspect of hardware, STM32 with low power consumption and high performance-to-price ratio is selected as the main control chip. A high precision AD acquisition circuit is designed, which is measured by thermoelectric stack and PT100 temperature sensor. In order to simplify the hardware circuit and ensure the high accuracy of measurement, the temperature difference of thermoelectric stack is fitted by Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. In order to eliminate the total radiation measurement error caused by ambient temperature, the Back-Propagation (BP) neural network is used to correct the temperature drift, and in order to facilitate the use of the observer, a computer software based on C # is developed in this paper. In this system, the temperature compensation range of the sensor is -20 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2317276