發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-30 12:21

【摘要】：對于PMSM(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,永磁同步電機(jī))驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)而言,傳統(tǒng)控制方法主要有矢量控制和直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制兩種方法。其中基于定子電流的矢量控制由于固有的電流內(nèi)環(huán)使得系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)較慢;而直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制系統(tǒng)雖然響應(yīng)快但其轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)大的缺陷,嚴(yán)重影響了其運(yùn)行性能。FCS-MPC(Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control,有限控制集模型預(yù)測控制)是近年來出現(xiàn)的一種高性能控制算法。FCS-MPC基于模型預(yù)測控制原理,是一種在線優(yōu)化控制算法,該方法概念簡單,具有較強(qiáng)約束處理能力,并能同時(shí)考慮存在的非線性因素。通常情況下PMSM FCS-MPC系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)速環(huán)采用的是常規(guī)PI轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器,其控制精度的魯棒性較差。因此,采用更先進(jìn)的控制策略來設(shè)計(jì)PMSM轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器具有重要意義,其中采用分?jǐn)?shù)階控制器的策略成為近幾年的研究熱點(diǎn)。分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分理論是整數(shù)階微積分理論的推廣和擴(kuò)展,具有以下優(yōu)勢:(1)分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分具有全局性;(2)分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分能夠更加精確的描述實(shí)際系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)行為,使得數(shù)學(xué)建模更接近實(shí)際系統(tǒng);(3)分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分算子具有記憶性和遺傳性。近些年,將分?jǐn)?shù)階理論應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)代控制理論中來產(chǎn)生了分?jǐn)?shù)階控制器,在繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)控制器優(yōu)點(diǎn)的同時(shí),利用分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分特有的性能,可以改善和彌補(bǔ)傳統(tǒng)控制器的缺點(diǎn)和不足,使得所設(shè)計(jì)的控制器具有分?jǐn)?shù)階和傳統(tǒng)控制器的雙重優(yōu)點(diǎn)。主要研究內(nèi)容分為以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)基于傳統(tǒng)PI轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器,設(shè)計(jì)PMSM模型預(yù)測電流控制系統(tǒng),并和傳統(tǒng)的矢量控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行對比分析。(2)在PMSM模型預(yù)測電流控制系統(tǒng)下設(shè)計(jì)分?jǐn)?shù)階積分滑模轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器和分?jǐn)?shù)階終端滑模轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器,并從滑模到達(dá)時(shí)間、收斂時(shí)間及減小抖振等方面對比分析分?jǐn)?shù)階滑�？刂破骱驼麛�(shù)階滑�？刂破鞯膬�(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。(3)在考慮電機(jī)參數(shù)變化及外部擾動(dòng)的不確定的情況下,設(shè)計(jì)了擴(kuò)展分?jǐn)?shù)階滑模擾動(dòng)觀測器,并與分?jǐn)?shù)階終端滑模轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器構(gòu)成一種復(fù)合控制策略。(4)在一相電流傳感器正常的情況下設(shè)計(jì)了基于分?jǐn)?shù)階自適應(yīng)律的電流觀測器,在準(zhǔn)確估計(jì)另一相電流的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了定子電阻的在線辨識。
[Abstract]:For the PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system, the traditional control methods mainly include vector control and direct torque control. The vector control based on stator current makes the response of the system slow because of the inherent current inner loop. Although the direct torque control system is fast in response, its torque ripple is large, which seriously affects its running performance. FCS-MPC (Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control, FCS-MPC is an online optimal control algorithm based on the theory of model predictive control. This method is simple in concept and has strong ability to deal with constraints. The existence of nonlinear factors can be considered at the same time. In general, the conventional PI speed regulator is used in the speed loop of PMSM FCS-MPC system, and the robustness of the control precision is poor. Therefore, it is of great significance to adopt more advanced control strategy to design the PMSM speed regulator, in which the fractional controller strategy has become a hot research topic in recent years. Fractional calculus theory is the extension and extension of integral order calculus theory, which has the following advantages: (1) fractional calculus has global property; (2) the fractional calculus can more accurately describe the dynamic behavior of the actual system, which makes the mathematical modeling more close to the actual system; (3) the fractional calculus operator has memory and heredity. In recent years, fractional order theory has been applied to modern control theory to produce fractional order controller. While inheriting and carrying forward the advantages of traditional controller, the special performance of fractional calculus is utilized. It can improve and remedy the shortcomings and shortcomings of the traditional controller, so that the designed controller has the advantages of fractional order and traditional controller. The main research contents are as follows: (1) based on the traditional PI speed regulator, the PMSM model predictive current control system is designed. And compared with the traditional vector control system. (2) the fractional integral sliding mode speed regulator and fractional terminal sliding mode speed regulator are designed under the PMSM model predictive current control system, and the time of arrival from the sliding mode is obtained. The advantages and disadvantages of fractional sliding mode controller and integer order sliding mode controller are compared and analyzed in terms of convergence time and buffeting reduction. (3) considering the variation of motor parameters and the uncertainty of external disturbance, An extended fractional sliding mode disturbance observer is designed, and a compound control strategy is constructed with fractional terminal sliding mode speed regulator. (4) the current observer based on fractional order adaptive law is designed under the normal condition of one-phase current sensor. At the same time, the on-line identification of stator resistance is realized while estimating the current of another phase accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273;TM341

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