【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今能源的需求量伴隨著社會(huì)的不斷進(jìn)步發(fā)展也隨之變得越來(lái)越高。致使出現(xiàn)化石燃料短缺以及環(huán)境污染日益惡化等一系列嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題,為此國(guó)家也引起了高度重視,促進(jìn)能源可持續(xù)發(fā)展,提高其自身利用率,盡可能的做到節(jié)能減排成為研究重點(diǎn)的重中之重。而作為清潔能源的電能以及可再生的可持續(xù)能源能夠?qū)?jié)能減排起到很重要的作用。為此本文提出將可再生的太陽(yáng)能與二次清潔能源電能相結(jié)合,構(gòu)建出一個(gè)復(fù)合式能源系統(tǒng),考慮到太陽(yáng)能自身存在著間歇性和隨機(jī)性的特點(diǎn),因此將太陽(yáng)能和空氣源熱泵以及電鍋爐相結(jié)合,可以在滿足用戶日常生活所需的同時(shí)也能達(dá)到能源利用率高和污染排放低的效果。而在整個(gè)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的過(guò)程中,需要最大化的利用可再生能源太陽(yáng)能,盡量減少使用電量,進(jìn)而最大化的提高整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的能效比,而要如何平衡這三項(xiàng)指標(biāo)將成為我們研究的主要問(wèn)題。為了對(duì)以上提出的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題進(jìn)行處理,本文對(duì)多目標(biāo)復(fù)合式能源系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模的建立以及求解的設(shè)計(jì),因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化算法往往是將多目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換成單目標(biāo)進(jìn)行求解因此會(huì)丟失很多最優(yōu)解,并且常規(guī)的NSGA2算法存在局部收斂的問(wèn)題,進(jìn)而提出將正態(tài)分布交叉算子引入到常規(guī)的NSGA2中,加強(qiáng)了算法的搜索能力,通過(guò)實(shí)例分析將經(jīng)過(guò)算法優(yōu)化的能效比與傳統(tǒng)算法以及未經(jīng)優(yōu)化的能效比進(jìn)行對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)化后的系統(tǒng)能效比明顯高于實(shí)際未優(yōu)化的能效比值,從而證明了所建立模型和求解算法的正確性和有效性,同時(shí)為了驗(yàn)證運(yùn)用到實(shí)際的可行性,使用了MATLAB/SIMULINK進(jìn)行模型搭建與仿真,為了將已搭建好的控制系統(tǒng)能夠更好的應(yīng)用與實(shí)際生活,本文設(shè)計(jì)了模糊自整定PID控制器對(duì)復(fù)合式能源系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行控制,并通過(guò)和常規(guī)單回路PID以及串級(jí)PID比較分析,表明模糊自整定PID算法在超調(diào)量、調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間、穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差、抑制干擾能力等方面都具有顯著優(yōu)勢(shì)。充分體現(xiàn)出了該算法在控制復(fù)合式能源系統(tǒng)中的優(yōu)越性,對(duì)進(jìn)一步研究復(fù)合式能源系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化和控制具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義和參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the demand for energy becomes higher and higher with the development of society. This has led to a series of serious problems, such as the shortage of fossil fuels and the worsening of environmental pollution. For this reason, the country has also attached great importance to promoting the sustainable development of energy and improving its own utilization rate. As far as possible to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction has become the most important research focus. As a clean energy and renewable sustainable energy can play a very important role in energy saving and emission reduction. Therefore, this paper proposes to combine renewable solar energy with secondary clean energy to construct a composite energy system, considering the intermittent and random characteristics of solar energy itself. Therefore, the combination of solar energy, air source heat pump and electric boiler can not only meet the daily needs of users, but also achieve the effect of high energy efficiency and low pollution emission. In the process of operation of the whole system, we need to maximize the use of renewable energy solar energy, reduce the power consumption as far as possible, and then maximize the energy efficiency ratio of the whole system. And how to balance these three indicators will become the main problem we study. In order to deal with the multi-objective optimization problem proposed above, the mathematical modeling and solution design of the multi-objective composite energy system are carried out in this paper. Because the traditional multi-objective optimization algorithm often transforms the multi-objective into a single objective to solve the problem, it will lose a lot of optimal solutions, and the conventional NSGA2 algorithm has the problem of local convergence. Furthermore, the normal distribution crossover operator is introduced into the conventional NSGA2 to enhance the search ability of the algorithm. The optimized EER of the algorithm is compared with the traditional algorithm and the unoptimized EER through an example analysis. It is found that the energy efficiency ratio of the optimized system is obviously higher than that of the actual unoptimized energy efficiency ratio, which proves the correctness and validity of the established model and the algorithm, and at the same time, in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed method, MATLAB/SIMULINK is used for modeling and simulation. In order to better apply and live the established control system, a fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is designed to control the compound energy system. By comparing with conventional single-loop PID and cascade PID, it is shown that the fuzzy self-tuning PID algorithm has significant advantages in overshoot, adjusting time, steady-state error, interference suppression ability and so on. It fully reflects the superiority of the algorithm in the control of composite energy system, and has certain guiding significance and reference value for further research on the optimization and control of compound energy system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TK01;TP18

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