【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)是一種新興的自定義通信網(wǎng)絡(luò),其由大量具有低功耗、感知能力強(qiáng)、計(jì)算速度快、成本低等特點(diǎn)的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)以自組織方式形成。由于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)相對獨(dú)立,無相關(guān)硬件設(shè)備的支持,同時(shí),其部署的環(huán)境往往比較惡劣。如果破壞或者俘獲的節(jié)點(diǎn)達(dá)到一定數(shù)量會(huì)對整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)正常通信造成影響,嚴(yán)重威脅網(wǎng)絡(luò)的安全。因此,加強(qiáng)對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的研究是非常有必要的。本文針對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的使用橢圓曲線加密算法進(jìn)行的密鑰分配方案不能實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)間雙向認(rèn)證的問題及復(fù)制節(jié)點(diǎn)檢測中節(jié)點(diǎn)存儲(chǔ)開銷大以及檢測率低的問題,提出了一種基于密鑰分配的復(fù)制節(jié)點(diǎn)檢測方案。該方案的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容,主要分為以下幾個(gè)方面。首先,提出一種基于公舉的輕量級(jí)密鑰分配方案。該方案針對傳統(tǒng)橢圓曲線加密算法(ECC)不能進(jìn)行雙方驗(yàn)證的缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。同時(shí),在CPK機(jī)制中引入公舉概念,以實(shí)現(xiàn)對系統(tǒng)主密鑰的確定,進(jìn)而使用主密鑰完成簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)對普通節(jié)點(diǎn)的簽名驗(yàn)證。簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)對普通節(jié)點(diǎn)驗(yàn)證之后,利用節(jié)點(diǎn)簽名實(shí)現(xiàn)普通節(jié)點(diǎn)間相互驗(yàn)證,解決了節(jié)點(diǎn)間認(rèn)證過程中所牽涉到的計(jì)算開銷以及通信開銷問題。其次,提出基于位置信息的分區(qū)復(fù)制節(jié)點(diǎn)檢測方案。該方案是在密鑰分配的前提下,利用節(jié)點(diǎn)的位置信息進(jìn)行分區(qū),限制復(fù)制節(jié)點(diǎn)的攻擊區(qū)域。同時(shí),提出了輔助證人節(jié)點(diǎn)的概念,檢測時(shí)能有效減少節(jié)點(diǎn)的存儲(chǔ)消耗,進(jìn)一步提高復(fù)制節(jié)點(diǎn)檢測效率。最后,通過OPNET仿真軟件對本文提出的方案進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:本文提出的基于密鑰分配的復(fù)制節(jié)點(diǎn)檢測方案在檢測率、安全性和通信開銷方面均得到了有效改善。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network,WSN) is a new kind of self-defined communication network, which is formed by a large number of sensor nodes with the characteristics of low power consumption, strong perception, fast computing speed and low cost. Because each node in wireless sensor network is relatively independent, there is no support of hardware, and its deployment environment is often bad. If a certain number of nodes are destroyed or captured, the normal communication of the whole network will be affected and the security of the network will be seriously threatened. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research on wireless sensor network security. In this paper, we aim at the problem that the key distribution scheme using elliptic curve encryption algorithm in wireless sensor networks can not realize the bidirectional authentication between nodes and the problem of high storage overhead and low detection rate in the detection of replication nodes. In this paper, a key distribution based replication node detection scheme is proposed. The detailed design content of the scheme is divided into the following aspects. Firstly, a lightweight key distribution scheme based on public election is proposed. This scheme improves the traditional elliptic curve encryption algorithm (ECC) which can not be verified by both sides. At the same time, the concept of public key is introduced into the CPK mechanism to determine the master key of the system, and then the master key is used to verify the signature of the common node by the cluster head node. After the cluster head node verifies the common node, the mutual verification between the common nodes is realized by using the node signature, which solves the computation overhead and communication overhead problem involved in the authentication process between the nodes. Secondly, a location based detection scheme for partitioned replication nodes is proposed. Under the premise of key distribution, the scheme uses the location information of nodes to partition and limit the attack area of replication nodes. At the same time, the concept of auxiliary witness node is proposed, which can effectively reduce the storage consumption of nodes and further improve the efficiency of replication node detection. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified by OPNET simulation software. The experimental results show that the detection rate, security and communication overhead of the proposed scheme are improved effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN918.4;TP212.9;TN929.5

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