【摘要】：硬質(zhì)合金是Fe族與Ti、Zr、Ta、Mo等9類碳化物結(jié)合而成的,因具有較高的硬度、耐磨、耐熱等性能得到人們的青睞,遍及醫(yī)療器械、航天、微電子產(chǎn)品等各種范疇。合金的品質(zhì)因數(shù)是由爐室真空度測量、壓力測量、溫度測量的控制精度決定的,因此提高這三個控制回路的精度對燒結(jié)工藝過程極為關(guān)鍵。首先,介紹了根據(jù)廠家的控制需求,對合金材料的制備工藝、爐室的結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理以及控制策略進(jìn)行總體方案設(shè)計(jì),選用S7-300系列PLC作為下位機(jī)主控單元,觸摸屏用于下位機(jī)HMI界面,能夠真實(shí)模擬現(xiàn)場并進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場監(jiān)控,實(shí)現(xiàn)整個燒結(jié)過程的自動一體化。其次,針對爐溫系統(tǒng)存在時滯性、非線性特點(diǎn)依靠一般的控制很難滿足企業(yè)生產(chǎn)要求,研究了常規(guī)PID、PID參數(shù)自整定、自適應(yīng)模糊PID,采用MATLAB/simulink仿真器進(jìn)行模擬。經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,模糊自適應(yīng)PID控制效果最優(yōu),實(shí)現(xiàn)了可控硅調(diào)壓裝置自動調(diào)節(jié)。在燒結(jié)過程中,一般保溫階段在某種產(chǎn)品工藝加工中占有很重要的地位。在此階段可以控制溫度的相對平衡提高產(chǎn)品鍛造的硬度、致密性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但由于壓力擾動作用導(dǎo)致壓力與溫度存在耦合現(xiàn)象。為了使系統(tǒng)的溫度與壓力控制能夠形成單獨(dú)的控制回路,采用帶前饋補(bǔ)償雙變量全解耦的設(shè)計(jì),既改善了系統(tǒng)的品質(zhì),又增加了系統(tǒng)的自由度,實(shí)現(xiàn)了壓力與溫度的全解耦,為生產(chǎn)高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品提供了良好的解決方案。最后,嵌入式版MCGS觸摸屏與S7-300PLC通訊監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。通過配置I/O站點(diǎn)及參數(shù)等進(jìn)行上位機(jī)組態(tài)通訊,其觸摸屏界面監(jiān)控部分包括工藝曲線、報警處理、數(shù)據(jù)存儲等設(shè)計(jì),能夠真實(shí)模擬現(xiàn)場燒結(jié)爐整體燒結(jié)過程,在實(shí)現(xiàn)自動燒結(jié)燒結(jié)過程的同時,使生產(chǎn)投入減少,提高了企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:Cemented carbides are composed of Fe family and 9 kinds of carbides such as Ti,Zr,Ta,Mo. Because of their high hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and other properties, cemented carbides are popular in various fields, such as medical devices, spaceflight, microelectronics and so on. The quality factor of the alloy is determined by the control accuracy of vacuum measurement, pressure measurement and temperature measurement in the furnace chamber. Therefore, improving the accuracy of the three control loops is very important to the sintering process. Firstly, according to the control requirements of the manufacturer, the overall scheme design of the preparation process, the structure, the working principle and the control strategy of the alloy material is introduced. The S7-300 series PLC is selected as the main control unit of the lower computer. The touch screen is used in the HMI interface of the lower computer, which can simulate and monitor the field and realize the automatic integration of the whole sintering process. Secondly, in view of the delay of furnace temperature system, it is difficult to meet the requirements of enterprise production by the nonlinear characteristics. The conventional PID,PID parameter self-tuning is studied, and the adaptive fuzzy PID, is simulated by MATLAB/simulink simulator. Through the experiment analysis, the fuzzy adaptive PID control effect is optimal, and the silicon controlled voltage regulator is automatically adjusted. In the sintering process, the general insulation stage occupies a very important position in the process of a certain product. At this stage, the relative balance of temperature can be controlled to improve the hardness and density of forging products, but the pressure disturbance results in the coupling of pressure and temperature. In order to make the temperature and pressure control of the system form a separate control loop, the design of full decoupling with feedforward compensation is adopted, which not only improves the quality of the system, but also increases the degree of freedom of the system, and realizes the complete decoupling of pressure and temperature. For the production of high-quality products to provide a good solution. Finally, the embedded version of MCGS touch screen and S7-300PLC communication monitoring system design. By configuring I / O station and parameters, the upper computer configuration communication is carried out. The touch screen interface monitoring part includes the design of process curve, alarm processing, data storage and so on, which can simulate the whole sintering process of field sintering furnace. At the same time, the production investment is reduced and the economic benefit of the enterprise is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273;TP277;TF046.4

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