【摘要】：為了保障智能電網安全穩(wěn)定運行,避免災難事故產生,研究高安全性、高穩(wěn)定性、高靈敏度、大量程、長壽命、結構簡單、體積小、成本低的磁場檢測技術顯得尤為迫切,探索新的科學途徑實現(xiàn)電流檢測已成為傳感技術工作者研究的新熱點,特別是光纖電流傳感技術是熱點中的熱點。將超磁致伸縮材料(超磁致伸縮材料(Giant Magnetostrictive Material,簡稱GMM)與光纖光柵(Fiber Bragg Grating,簡稱FBG)相結合的FBG-GMM電流傳感器,由于其具有結構簡單、靈敏度高的優(yōu)點備受關注。但是,該電流傳感器需要克服溫度交叉敏感的問題。為了解決此問題,本文將FBG-GMM與磁路系統(tǒng)相結合,提出了基于磁路系統(tǒng)的FBG-GMM電流傳感器,利用雙FBG對磁場的不同響應來消除溫度對電流測量的影響。此外,利用磁路系統(tǒng)的聚磁特性,可進一步提高電流的測量靈敏度�；趩尉鄞呕芈废到y(tǒng)和“十字”型傳感頭的FBG-GMM電流傳感器研究。設計了“十字型”FBG-GMM傳感頭,將其放入C型聚磁回路的開口處,使傳感光柵的徑向與磁場方向相同,參考光柵的徑向與磁場方向垂直,因此傳感光柵和參考光柵具有不同的磁場響應。考慮到傳感光柵和參考光柵具有相同的溫度響應,采用雙光柵匹配解調的方式實現(xiàn)了電流解調及溫度補償。利用ANSYS Maxwell軟件分析了GMM棒長度、截面積以及狹縫寬度對導磁回路聚磁能力的影響,結果表明當間隙越小、GMM橫截面越小、GMM長度越短時,磁路的導磁能力越強。實驗結果表明:傳感FBG和參考FBG具有相同的溫度響應;交流安匝電流在1.0~138.2 A的變化范圍內,該傳感器呈線性變化,測量精度為16.0 m V/A。在線性變化范圍內,交流電流的峰值失真誤差小于2.2%。基于雙聚磁回路系統(tǒng)的FBG-GMM電流傳感器研究。設計了并列的C型雙磁路系統(tǒng),每個磁路系統(tǒng)內放置一個FBG-GMM傳感頭,兩磁路加載相反的偏置磁場,當被測磁場同時加載到雙磁路上時,其中一個磁路內的GMM棒伸長而另一個磁路內的GMM棒收縮,導致一個FBG的波長向長波方向漂移,而另一個FBG的波長向短波方向漂移�？紤]到兩FBG具有相同的溫度響應,采用雙FBG匹配解調的方式實現(xiàn)了電流解調及溫度補償。為了增大匹配解調的線性范圍及靈敏度,本部分選用的FBG均為平頂FBG。利用ANSYA Maxwell仿真分析兩磁路間距對雙磁路系統(tǒng)聚磁能力的影響,仿真結果表明磁路間距越小,兩磁路的相互干擾越大;但當磁路間距大于20 mm時,兩磁路間的干擾可忽略不計。實驗結果表明:交流安匝電流在0.6~159.8 A的范圍內變化時,該傳感器呈線性變化,測量精度為30 m V/A;該電流傳感器在20~80℃范圍內可實現(xiàn)溫度自動補償。在線性變化范圍內,交流電流的峰值失真誤差小于1.8%。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of smart grid and avoid disaster accidents, it is urgent to study magnetic field detection technology with high security, high stability, high sensitivity, large range, long life, simple structure, small size and low cost. Exploring new scientific approaches to realize current detection has become a new research hotspot of sensor technology, especially optical fiber current sensing technology. The FBG-GMM current sensor which combines the giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) and the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has attracted much attention because of its simple structure and high sensitivity. However, the current sensor needs to overcome the problem of temperature cross-sensitivity. In order to solve this problem, a FBG-GMM current sensor based on magnetic circuit system is proposed by combining FBG-GMM with magnetic circuit system. The effect of temperature on current measurement is eliminated by using the different response of double FBG to magnetic field. In addition, the measurement sensitivity of the current can be further improved by using the magnetic accumulation characteristics of the magnetic circuit system. Research on FBG-GMM current sensor based on monomagnetic loop system and cross sensor head. The "cross" FBG-GMM sensor head is designed and put into the opening of the C-type magnetic gathering loop. The radial direction of the sensing grating is the same as the magnetic field direction, and the reference grating is perpendicular to the radial and magnetic field direction. Therefore, the sensing grating and the reference grating have different magnetic field responses. Considering that the sensing grating and the reference grating have the same temperature response, the current demodulation and temperature compensation are realized by double grating matching demodulation. The influence of length, cross section and slit width of GMM rod on the magnetic accumulation ability of magnetic conduction circuit is analyzed by using ANSYS Maxwell software. The results show that the magnetic conductivity of magnetic circuit is stronger when the gap is smaller and the cross section of GMM is shorter. The experimental results show that the sensor FBG has the same temperature response as the reference FBG, and the AC ampere-turn current varies linearly in the range of 1.0V / 138.2A, and the measurement accuracy is 16.0 MV / A. In the linear range, the peak distortion error of AC current is less than 2.2. Research on FBG-GMM current Sensor based on Duplex Magnetic Loop system. A parallel C-type double magnetic circuit system is designed, in which a FBG-GMM sensor head is placed in each magnetic circuit system, and the opposite bias magnetic field is loaded by the two magnetic circuits. When the measured magnetic field is loaded on the double magnetic circuit at the same time, The extension of GMM rod in one magnetic circuit and the contraction of GMM rod in the other lead to the drift of the wavelength of one FBG in the direction of long wave and the wavelength of the other FBG in the direction of short wave. Considering that the two FBG have the same temperature response, the current demodulation and temperature compensation are realized by double FBG matching demodulation. In order to increase the linear range and sensitivity of matching demodulation, all the FBG selected in this part are flat-top FBG.. The influence of the two magnetic circuit spacing on the magnetic accumulation ability of the dual magnetic circuit system is analyzed by ANSYA Maxwell simulation. The simulation results show that the smaller the magnetic circuit spacing, the greater the mutual interference between the two magnetic circuits, but when the magnetic circuit spacing is more than 20 mm, the interference between the two magnetic circuits is negligible. The experimental results show that the AC ampere-turn current varies linearly with a measuring accuracy of 30 MV / A when the AC ampere-turn current varies in the range of 0.6159.8 A. the current sensor can automatically compensate the temperature in the range of 2080 鈩，

本文編號：2203597