【摘要】：無(wú)線感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)因地理位置和所處環(huán)境等限制,傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)一旦部署之后很難再給其補(bǔ)充能量或者更換電池。在無(wú)線感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)收集過(guò)程中,節(jié)能算法顯得尤為重要。本文主要研究數(shù)據(jù)收集中的節(jié)能算法,內(nèi)容如下:1.針對(duì)基于LEACH算法的能耗均衡和多跳路由算法中簇頭分布不均的問(wèn)題,本文在簇頭選擇閾值公式中增加了節(jié)點(diǎn)密度。改進(jìn)前算法的簇頭選取方式僅僅考慮了節(jié)點(diǎn)剩余能量和節(jié)點(diǎn)距基站距離,而沒(méi)有考慮節(jié)點(diǎn)密度,導(dǎo)致簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)分布不均。本文在簇頭選擇閾值公式中增加了節(jié)點(diǎn)密度,使得節(jié)點(diǎn)密集區(qū)節(jié)點(diǎn)選作簇頭的概率大,節(jié)點(diǎn)稀疏區(qū)節(jié)點(diǎn)選作簇頭的概率小,并通過(guò)控制各參數(shù)的影響因子,來(lái)適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境。2.在前面研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出將節(jié)點(diǎn)距簇頭的距離和節(jié)點(diǎn)距基站的距離作比較:如果節(jié)點(diǎn)距基站距離較近,節(jié)點(diǎn)直接將數(shù)據(jù)傳給基站,否則傳給簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn),再由簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)傳給基站。這樣的方案可以減少簇頭的壓力,均衡無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量,延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命周期。3.針對(duì)簇頭需要收集簇內(nèi)節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)并且將此數(shù)據(jù)傳給基站,需要消耗更多的能量,導(dǎo)致能量分布不均的問(wèn)題,本文將基于三角融合技術(shù)的PEGASIS算法應(yīng)用于簇頭。先將簇頭用基于三角融合技術(shù)的PEGASIS算法建成一條鏈,在簇頭鏈中選擇一個(gè)鏈頭節(jié)點(diǎn),所有簇頭將數(shù)據(jù)傳給鏈頭節(jié)點(diǎn),鏈頭節(jié)點(diǎn)經(jīng)數(shù)據(jù)融合后再將數(shù)據(jù)傳給基站。這樣可以減少簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的距離,均衡無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量,延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命周期。
[Abstract]:Due to the limitation of location and environment, it is difficult for sensor nodes to recharge their energy or replace batteries once they are deployed. In the process of wireless aware network data collection, energy saving algorithm is particularly important. This paper mainly studies the energy saving algorithm in data collection, as follows: 1. In order to solve the problem of energy balance based on LEACH algorithm and uneven distribution of cluster heads in multi-hop routing algorithm, the node density is increased in the threshold formula of cluster head selection. The cluster head selection method of the improved algorithm only considers the residual energy of the node and the distance from the node to the base station, but does not consider the node density, which leads to the uneven distribution of the cluster head node. In this paper, the node density is increased in the threshold formula of cluster head selection, which makes the probability of node selection as cluster head large in dense node area and small in node sparse area, and it adapts to different environment by controlling the influence factors of each parameter. Based on the previous research, this paper proposes a comparison between the distance between the node and the base station: if the node is close to the base station, the node will directly transmit the data to the base station, otherwise it will be transferred to the cluster head node. Then the cluster head node is passed to the base station. This scheme can reduce the pressure of cluster head, equalize the energy of wireless sensor network and prolong the lifetime of network. In order to solve the problem that cluster head needs to collect the data of the node in the cluster and transmit the data to the base station, it needs to consume more energy, which leads to the uneven distribution of energy. In this paper, the PEGASIS algorithm based on triangle fusion technology is applied to cluster head. First, the cluster head is built into a chain by using PEGASIS algorithm based on triangular fusion technology, and a chain head node is selected in the cluster head chain. All cluster heads pass the data to the chain head node, and the chain head node passes the data to the base station after the data fusion. In this way, the data transmission distance of cluster head node can be reduced, the energy of wireless sensor network can be equalized, and the lifetime of the network can be prolonged.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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