【摘要】：微電網(wǎng)作為一種新興的發(fā)配電系統(tǒng),是對(duì)大電網(wǎng)很好的彌補(bǔ)。微電網(wǎng)的加入增加了大電網(wǎng)的可靠性與靈活性,同時(shí)微電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展可以使風(fēng)能、太陽(yáng)能等清潔能源得到更加有效的利用�，F(xiàn)有的相關(guān)研究也表明,將分布式發(fā)電單元以微電網(wǎng)的形式與大電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行連接,是提高分布式發(fā)電單元效能的有效方法。然而,微電網(wǎng)作為一門(mén)新型的發(fā)電技術(shù),仍存在許多亟待解決的問(wèn)題。其中,對(duì)微電網(wǎng)的負(fù)荷進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)度可以有效的提高能源的利用效率,降低污染物的排放以及微電網(wǎng)的發(fā)電成本,對(duì)微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)能夠經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)保的運(yùn)行具有重大意義。本文研究主要內(nèi)容包括:首先對(duì)基本布谷鳥(niǎo)算法以及極值動(dòng)力學(xué)算法進(jìn)行了分析和研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)布谷鳥(niǎo)算法存在的求解精度低以及容易陷入局部最優(yōu)點(diǎn)等缺點(diǎn),提出了一種改進(jìn)的布谷鳥(niǎo)算法:CS-EO算法,該算法在布谷鳥(niǎo)算法的框架中融入了極值動(dòng)力學(xué)優(yōu)化算法來(lái)提高局部尋優(yōu)性能,并通過(guò)5個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的測(cè)試函數(shù)證明了CS-EO算法無(wú)論是是在尋優(yōu)精度上還是在尋優(yōu)速度上都要比CSA以及PSO具有更好的性能。其次,針對(duì)熱電聯(lián)供型微電網(wǎng),該微電網(wǎng)中含有光伏電池,風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī),柴油發(fā)電機(jī),燃料電池,微型燃?xì)廨啓C(jī),電鍋爐以及電熱儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備,并在詳細(xì)分析了微電網(wǎng)中各分布式電源的發(fā)電特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了各微電源的數(shù)學(xué)模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上以運(yùn)行成本最少和排污懲罰費(fèi)用最低為目標(biāo)建立了微電網(wǎng)優(yōu)化運(yùn)行目標(biāo)函數(shù),并詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了微電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行約束條件及其相關(guān)處理方法。最后詳細(xì)介紹了基于改進(jìn)布谷鳥(niǎo)算法的微電網(wǎng)優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型的求解過(guò)程,在此基礎(chǔ)上,選取某地區(qū)的熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)型微電網(wǎng)為例,以24小時(shí)為一個(gè)調(diào)度周期來(lái)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)度,并最終對(duì)優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析,認(rèn)為改進(jìn)的布谷鳥(niǎo)算法可以很好的對(duì)微電網(wǎng)的負(fù)荷進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)度。
[Abstract]:As a new generation and distribution system, microgrid is a good remedy for large power grid. The addition of micro-grid increases the reliability and flexibility of large power grid, and the development of micro-grid can make the clean energy such as wind energy and solar energy more effective. The existing researches also show that it is an effective method to improve the efficiency of distributed generation units by connecting distributed generation units to large power grids in the form of microgrid. However, as a new generation technology, there are still many problems to be solved. Among them, the optimal dispatching of microgrid load can effectively improve the efficiency of energy use, reduce the emission of pollutants and the generation cost of micro-grid. It is of great significance for the micro-grid system to operate economically and environmentally. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the basic Cuckoo algorithm and the extremum dynamics algorithm are analyzed and studied. On this basis, the Cuckoo algorithm has the disadvantages of low precision and easy to fall into the local optimum. An improved CS-EO algorithm is proposed in this paper, which integrates the extreme dynamic optimization algorithm into the frame of the Cuckoo algorithm to improve the performance of local optimization. Through five standard test functions, it is proved that the CS-EO algorithm has better performance than CSA and PSO in both the accuracy of optimization and the speed of optimization. Secondly, the microgrid, which contains photovoltaic cells, wind turbines, diesel generators, fuel cells, micro gas turbines, electric boilers and electrothermal energy storage equipment, is aimed at the thermoelectric co-supply microgrid, which contains photovoltaic cells, wind turbines, diesel generators, fuel cells, micro gas turbines, electric boilers and electrothermal energy storage equipment. Based on the detailed analysis of the characteristics of the distributed power generation in the microgrid, the mathematical models of each micro-power source are established. On the basis of this, the objective function of optimal operation of microgrid is established with the aim of minimum operating cost and the lowest cost of sewage penalty, and the operating constraints and related processing methods of microgrid are explained in detail. Finally, the process of solving the optimal dispatching model of microgrid based on the improved Cuckoo algorithm is introduced in detail. On this basis, the heat and power cogeneration microgrid in a certain area is selected as an example, and the scheduling period is 24 hours. Finally, the optimization results are analyzed, and it is concluded that the improved cuckoo algorithm can be used to optimize the load scheduling of microgrid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP18;TM732

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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1 李正茂;張峰;梁軍;，

本文編號(hào)：2164773