【摘要】：霧培是從無(wú)土栽培技術(shù)發(fā)展中脫穎而出的。首先,在霧培系統(tǒng)中,研究人員嘗試了不同種類的霧化器,雖然注意到不同的霧化器造成了液滴粒徑大小的差異,但霧滴粒徑大小如何影響霧培作物的生長(zhǎng)和有什么影響,尚不清楚。其次,在霧培控制系統(tǒng)上,如何檢測(cè)霧培環(huán)境下的多因素及如何調(diào)控等也是個(gè)問(wèn)題。最后,如何控制不同大小霧滴的霧化量和如何控制噴霧時(shí)機(jī)也值得探討。針對(duì)霧滴粒徑大小如何影響霧培作物生長(zhǎng)這一問(wèn)題,本文設(shè)計(jì)了可以生成多種粒徑霧滴的試驗(yàn)臺(tái),主要是由超聲霧化片組和壓力式噴頭來(lái)生成不同的霧滴粒徑,并做了相應(yīng)的霧培試驗(yàn)。對(duì)霧培的作物而言,光照強(qiáng)度、溫度、濕度、時(shí)間等因素將直接影響作物生長(zhǎng)狀況,為了檢測(cè)和控制霧培環(huán)境參數(shù),本文設(shè)計(jì)了一套基于STC15系列單片機(jī)霧培試驗(yàn)臺(tái)智能控制系統(tǒng)。此霧培控制系統(tǒng)通過(guò)控制器A檢測(cè)栽培室環(huán)境參數(shù)(溫度、光照強(qiáng)度、溫度),經(jīng)過(guò)無(wú)線模塊與控制器B進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。之后,根據(jù)采集的信息,控制器A和控制器B進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的調(diào)控,使之成為數(shù)據(jù)采集、控制、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)裙δ芡晟频闹悄芸刂葡到y(tǒng)�？紤]到霧培作物根域環(huán)境的時(shí)間、溫度、濕度、光強(qiáng)等多因素,同時(shí)多因素之間的相互影響,為了能夠得出有效的控制方法。針對(duì)霧培作物所處環(huán)境的光照是動(dòng)態(tài)變化的,結(jié)合外部天氣及時(shí)間因素,提出一種劃分不同光照強(qiáng)度等級(jí)與時(shí)間段進(jìn)行擬合控制超聲霧化片及壓力式噴頭的方法,這樣能控制超聲霧化片和壓力式噴頭的霧化強(qiáng)度及霧化時(shí)間。針對(duì)霧培作物根系溫濕度環(huán)境,本文提出了溫度和濕度耦合調(diào)控,先實(shí)時(shí)采集霧培器的溫度、濕度,根據(jù)模糊控制思想將溫度進(jìn)行模糊化,同時(shí)將經(jīng)過(guò)分級(jí)后的濕度分別與模糊化的溫度耦合,再通過(guò)風(fēng)扇和超聲霧化片及壓力噴頭等來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)栽培室的溫度、濕度,使作物根系處于適宜的環(huán)境下。針對(duì)如何控制霧化量,即為了區(qū)分不同狀況下的霧化量,本文提出了超聲霧化片分組霧化原理,設(shè)計(jì)了超聲霧化片分組控制電路,由設(shè)定的控制策略來(lái)決定超聲霧化片的等級(jí),即超聲霧化片同時(shí)工作的片數(shù)。
[Abstract]:Fog culture stands out from the development of soilless cultivation technology. First, in the fog culture system, the researchers tried different types of atomizers. While they noticed that different atomizers caused differences in the size of droplets, how did the size of droplets affect the growth and effects of fog cultivation crops? It is not clear yet. Secondly, in the fog control system, how to detect the multiple factors and how to adjust and control in the fog culture environment is also a problem. Finally, how to control the atomization amount of droplets of different sizes and how to control the spray timing are also worth discussing. In order to solve the problem of how the size of droplets affects crop growth in fog culture, a test bench is designed to produce various droplets, which are mainly produced by ultrasonic atomizer and pressure-type spray head. The test of fog culture was also done. For foggy crops, light intensity, temperature, humidity, time and other factors will directly affect the growth of crops, in order to detect and control the environmental parameters of fog culture, In this paper, an intelligent control system based on STC15 series single chip microcomputer test bench for fog culture is designed. The fog control system detects the environmental parameters (temperature, light intensity, temperature) of the cultivation room through controller A, and transmits the data with controller B through the wireless module. Then, according to the collected information, the controller A and the controller B are adjusted accordingly, which makes it an intelligent control system with perfect functions such as data acquisition, control, data transmission and so on. Considering the time, temperature, humidity, light intensity and other factors in the root environment of foggy crops, and the interaction between them, an effective control method can be obtained. In view of the dynamic change of illumination in the environment of foggy crops, a method of fitting and controlling ultrasonic atomizer and pressure-type sprinkler is proposed by combining external weather and time factors, which is divided into different light intensity grades and time periods. In this way, the atomization intensity and atomization time of ultrasonic atomizer and pressure nozzle can be controlled. In view of the temperature and humidity environment of the root system of foggy cultivation, this paper proposes the coupling control of temperature and humidity. Firstly, the temperature and humidity of the fog incubator are collected in real time, and the temperature is fuzzed according to the fuzzy control idea. At the same time, the humidity after classification was coupled with the fuzzy temperature respectively, and then the temperature and humidity of the cultivation room were adjusted by fan, ultrasonic atomizer and pressure sprinkler, so that the crop root system was in a suitable environment. In view of how to control the atomization quantity, that is, to distinguish the atomization quantity under different conditions, this paper puts forward the principle of ultrasonic atomizing sheet grouping atomization, designs the ultrasonic atomizing chip grouping control circuit, and determines the grade of ultrasonic atomizing piece by the set control strategy. That is the number of ultrasonic atomizing tablets working at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP273;S317

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本文編號(hào)：2143126