本文選題：水滑石 + 殼聚糖��； 參考：《湘潭大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水滑石在電化學領域的應用主要是利用其自身層板金屬原子電活性或者以其為載體固定酶等大分子,但存在成膜較脆、易溶脹脫落、粘性小等缺點,限制了其在電化學方面的應用。殼聚糖作為優(yōu)良生物膜材料,具良好的黏附性、透過性和生物相容性,將兩者有機復合制備的納米復合材料可兼具水滑石和殼聚糖的特性,使其在電化學、催化反應、新能源等領域有著重要的作用。本論文著力于制備水滑石-殼聚糖復合材料(LDH-CHT),以此為載體固定辣根過氧化物酶(HRP),制備復合基體材料(LDH-CHT/HRP),并將其修飾于電極表面制備酶電極(LDH-CHT/HRP/GCE),從而構建一種性能優(yōu)良的新型H2O2的HRP傳感器,以實現(xiàn)對H2O2的快速安培響應檢測。具體研究工作如下:采用尿素法制備了不同Zn/Al摩爾比的ZnAl-水滑石(ZnAl-LDHs)納米材料,結合各種表征分析表明,Zn/Al摩爾比為3的ZnAl-LDH結晶度和層間規(guī)整度高,且其表面永久正電荷密度大,導致其具高電化學性能。該水滑石修飾電極(LDH/GCE)的電化學反應過程為準可逆反應,受擴散步驟和電化學反應混合控制,LDH能夠提供良好的電化學傳感界面。成功制備了一種新型的水滑石-殼聚糖復合材料(LDH-CHTs)。通過各種表征手段研究表明,LDH-CHTs仍具典型水滑石晶體結構。殼聚糖的適量添加可增大復合材料的比表面積,增加孔道數(shù)量和提高表面永久電荷密度。其中,殼聚糖添加量為2.0 g/L時制備的水滑石-殼聚糖復合材料(LDH-CHT)具有高結晶度、大比表面積和高表面永久正電荷密度。對其進行電化學性能測定,表明其電化學性能高于純水滑石修飾電極。殼聚糖與水滑石復合制備的LDH-CHT可增強其修飾電極表面的電化學穩(wěn)定性,進一步提高其電化學性能,為制備良好的電化學傳感界面提供可能。以LDH-CHT為載體和導電介質(zhì)固定HRP,成功制備了HRP固定化酶基體材料(LDH-CHT/HRP),將其修飾電極表面HRP制備酶電極(LDH-CHT/HRP/GCE),用于構建一種性能優(yōu)良的新型H2O2的HRP傳感器。該傳感器的靈敏度較高、選擇性高、穩(wěn)定性和重現(xiàn)性好,具有較低的米氏常數(shù)(Km=6.889)。對H2O2的線性檢測范圍為2.0×10-5~6.1×10-3 mol/L,檢出限為2.04×10-6 mmol/L(S/N=3)。HRP傳感器展示了良好的傳感性能,可實現(xiàn)對H2O2的快速安培響應。
[Abstract]:The application of hydrotalcite in the electrochemical field mainly uses its own laminate metal atom electric activity or immobilized enzyme with it as the carrier, but it has the disadvantages of brittle film formation, easy swelling and falling off, low viscosity and so on. Its application in electrochemistry is limited. Chitosan, as an excellent biomembrane material, has good adhesion, permeability and biocompatibility. The nanocomposites prepared by organic combination of the two materials can have the characteristics of hydrotalcite and chitosan, and make them react in the electrochemical and catalytic ways. New energy and other fields play an important role. In this thesis, hydrotalcite-chitosan composite (LDH-CHT) was prepared by immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on the substrate and preparation of composite matrix material (LDH-CHT-HRP / GCE), which was modified on the surface of the electrode to prepare an enzyme electrode (LDH-CHT-HRP / GCE). A new type of H2O2 HRP sensor, In order to realize the rapid amperometric response detection of H _ 2O _ 2. The main results are as follows: ZnAl- hydrotalcite (ZnAl-LDHs) nanomaterials with different Zn / Al molar ratios were prepared by urea method. The results of various characterization analysis showed that ZnAl-LDH with Zn / Al molar ratio 3 had high crystallinity and interlaminar regularity, and its surface permanent positive charge density was high. It has high electrochemical performance. The electrochemical reaction process of the water talc modified electrode (LDH / GCE) is quasi-reversible, and LDH can provide a good electrochemical sensing interface controlled by the diffusion step and the electrochemical reaction mixture. A novel hydrotalcite-chitosan composite (LDH-CHTs) was successfully prepared. The results show that LDH-CHTs still have typical hydrotalcite crystal structure. The addition of chitosan can increase the specific surface area, increase the number of pores and increase the surface permanent charge density. The hydrotalcite / chitosan composite (LDH-CHT) prepared by adding 2.0 g / L chitosan has high crystallinity, large specific surface area and high surface permanent positive charge density. The electrochemical performance of the modified electrode is higher than that of the pure water talc modified electrode. The LDH-CHT prepared by chitosan and hydrotalcite can enhance the electrochemical stability of the modified electrode and further improve its electrochemical performance, which provides the possibility for the preparation of a good electrochemical sensing interface. Using LDH-CHT as carrier and conducting medium to immobilize HRP, the HRP immobilized enzyme matrix material (LDH-CHT-HRP) was successfully prepared. The surface HRP of the modified HRP electrode (LDH-CHT-HRP / GCE) was used to construct a new type of HRP sensor with excellent properties of H _ 2O _ 2. The sensor has high sensitivity, high selectivity, good stability and reproducibility, and has low Michlet constant (KmC6.889). The linear detection range of H _ 2O _ 2 is 2.0 脳 10 ~ (-5) (6.1 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol / L), and the detection limit is 2.04 脳 10 ~ (-6) mmol / L (S / N ~ (3). The HRP sensor shows good sensing performance and can achieve a rapid amperometric response to H _ 2O _ 2.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB332;TP212

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本文編號：2109031