本文選題：質(zhì)子磁力儀　切入點(diǎn)：Overhauser磁力儀　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：質(zhì)子磁力儀傳感器主要利用直流脈沖信號(hào)對(duì)氫質(zhì)子進(jìn)行極化,使其產(chǎn)生與地磁場垂直的極化磁場,氫質(zhì)子沿地磁場與極化磁場的矢量和方向產(chǎn)生宏觀合磁矩,撤去脈沖信號(hào)氫質(zhì)子產(chǎn)生拉莫爾旋進(jìn)現(xiàn)象,這種傳感器存在高能耗、低精度等缺點(diǎn)。在質(zhì)子磁力儀傳感器的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)Overhauser磁力儀傳感器進(jìn)行研制:引入射頻激勵(lì)信號(hào)使氮氧自由基溶液產(chǎn)生電子與核雙共振現(xiàn)象(Overhauser效應(yīng)),增強(qiáng)氫質(zhì)子沿地磁場方向的磁化強(qiáng)度,解決質(zhì)子磁力儀傳感中氫質(zhì)子旋進(jìn)信號(hào)過弱的問題,從而提高傳感器的測磁精度。本課題組已自主研制出JOM-1型和JOM-2型Overhauser磁力儀樣機(jī),二者相比較而言,它們的靈敏度分別達(dá)到0.14n T和0.08n T,說明JOM-2型磁力儀靈敏度得到較大改善,但仍存在提升空間。本文主要從射頻功放電路的改進(jìn)和傳感器的研究與設(shè)計(jì)兩個(gè)方面對(duì)JOM-2型磁力儀進(jìn)行改進(jìn)介紹:第一,將JOM-1型磁力儀中的DDS系統(tǒng)芯片更換為AD9859,實(shí)現(xiàn)低功耗和精準(zhǔn)頻率輸出的指標(biāo);第二,將JOM-2型磁力儀中單路射頻功率放大電路改進(jìn)為雙路射頻功放電路,構(gòu)成梯度儀,實(shí)現(xiàn)同時(shí)對(duì)兩個(gè)傳感器進(jìn)行射頻極化,降低了雙路測試時(shí)傳感器信號(hào)的相互影響;第三,對(duì)傳感器的極化采集部分和高頻激發(fā)部分進(jìn)行仿真和分析,對(duì)比JOM-1型和JOM-2型磁力儀高頻激發(fā)部分的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),選取合適的結(jié)構(gòu)組成新型傳感器,并驗(yàn)證不同的制作材質(zhì)、屏蔽材質(zhì)、溶液、極化時(shí)間和功率大小等因素對(duì)傳感器品質(zhì)因數(shù)(Q值)、回波損耗(S11)和信號(hào)采集的影響。傳感器的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明:傳感器的Q值愈高,S11越小,傳感器的功耗越小,對(duì)外界磁場變化愈敏感;不同濃度配比的氮氧自由基溶液具有不同的激發(fā)頻率和信號(hào)采集效果。最終,成功集成了新型傳感器并進(jìn)行野外實(shí)測,實(shí)測結(jié)果表明:改進(jìn)后的JOM-2型磁力儀各項(xiàng)性能穩(wěn)定,磁場測試結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確可靠,并將靈敏度提高為0.057nT。
[Abstract]:The sensor of proton magnetometer mainly uses DC pulse signal to polarize hydrogen proton to produce polarized magnetic field perpendicular to geomagnetic field. Hydrogen proton produces macroscopic magnetic moment along the vector and direction of geomagnetic field and polarization magnetic field. Removing the pulse signal from the hydrogen proton produces Lamole precession, which has the disadvantages of high energy consumption and low precision. Based on the proton magnetometer sensor, The Overhauser magnetometer sensor has been developed: introducing RF excitation signal to make nitrogen-oxygen radical solution produce electron and nuclear double resonance phenomenon overhauser effect and enhance the magnetic intensity of hydrogen proton along the direction of geomagnetic field. The problem of weak hydrogen proton precession signal in proton magnetometer sensor is solved and the magnetic precision of the sensor is improved. The prototype of JOM-1 type and JOM-2 type Overhauser magnetometer has been developed by our team. Their sensitivities reached 0.14nT and 0.08nT respectively, which indicated that the sensitivity of JOM-2 magnetometer was improved greatly. But there is still room for lifting. This paper mainly introduces the improvement of JOM-2 magnetometer from the aspects of RF power amplifier circuit improvement and sensor research and design: first, The DDS system chip in the JOM-1 magnetometer is replaced with AD9859 to realize the index of low power consumption and accurate frequency output. Secondly, the single-channel RF power amplifier circuit in the JOM-2 type magnetometer is improved to a two-channel RF power amplifier circuit to form a gradiometer. At the same time, the two sensors are polarized at the same time, which reduces the mutual influence of sensor signals. Thirdly, the polarization acquisition part and the high-frequency excitation part of the sensor are simulated and analyzed. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the high frequency excitation parts of JOM-1 and JOM-2 magnetometers, choosing the appropriate structure to form a new type sensor, and verifying the different fabrication materials, shielding materials, solutions, The effects of polarization time and power on the sensor quality factor (Q value), echo loss (S 11) and signal acquisition. The experimental study of the sensor shows that the higher the Q value of the sensor is, the smaller the S11 is, and the smaller the power consumption of the sensor is. The more sensitive to the change of external magnetic field, the more sensitive the nitrogen-oxygen free radical solution with different concentration has different excitation frequency and signal acquisition effect. Finally, the new sensor has been successfully integrated and tested in the field. The measured results show that the improved JOM-2 magnetometer has stable properties, accurate and reliable magnetic field test results, and the sensitivity is increased to 0.057nT.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212

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