本文選題：空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測　切入點：LoRa　出處：《蘇州科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：地球上潔凈的空氣是人類生存的必要條件,空氣可以通過自然沉降、降水、陽光中紫外線的照射等方式完成自我凈化。如今全球經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅速,工業(yè)廢氣、汽車尾氣的排放量增加,城市空氣污染逐漸加重。只有對空氣質(zhì)量進行監(jiān)測,才能了解空氣質(zhì)量的狀況,及時做出防治措施,同時為城市居民提供生活地區(qū)周邊空氣質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)。針對目前國家環(huán)保部官方網(wǎng)站以及各大空氣質(zhì)量查詢平臺所提供的數(shù)據(jù)存在地點不夠準確、數(shù)據(jù)不夠詳細等問題,設計了多參數(shù)空氣質(zhì)量在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),彌補了上述不足,實現(xiàn)了精細化監(jiān)測。系統(tǒng)利用多點分布的多個傳感器采集數(shù)據(jù),將無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡與LoRa通信技術和GPRS通信技術相結合,解決了多參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)采集、無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)葐栴}。論文主要工作如下:首先,設計了多參數(shù)空氣質(zhì)量在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。分布在城市不同地區(qū)的傳感器節(jié)點采集多項空氣質(zhì)量參數(shù),包括溫濕度、CO2、CO、SO2、NO2、PM2.5,多個傳感器節(jié)點與一個網(wǎng)關節(jié)點組成星型無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡,通過LoRa通信技術進行相互通信,網(wǎng)關節(jié)點將各傳感器節(jié)點的數(shù)據(jù)通過GPRS模塊傳輸至服務器,可以通過客戶端、手機端、Web端等多種方式查詢監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)。其次,設計并實現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件部分。硬件電路部分包括了光纖氣體傳感器、PM2.5傳感器檢測空氣參數(shù)的相關電路;傳感器節(jié)點主控器MSP430的外圍電路,LoRa通信模塊SX1276的接收和發(fā)射電路;網(wǎng)關節(jié)點主控器STM32外圍電路以及與GPRS模塊SIM900A相連的串口電路。軟件部分包括傳感器節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)采集,網(wǎng)關節(jié)點與傳感器節(jié)點之間通信,網(wǎng)關節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)傳輸與報警,以及上位機查詢軟件的設計。最后,實現(xiàn)多參數(shù)空氣質(zhì)量在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)并測試。按照設計要求在校內(nèi)搭建了測試系統(tǒng),并對系統(tǒng)采集數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,對光纖氣體傳感器進行校準,對組網(wǎng)通信進行測試最大程度保證通信的質(zhì)量與距離。通過測試表明系統(tǒng)可以長時間穩(wěn)定運行,可實現(xiàn)多參數(shù)采集,遠距離傳輸,可以應用于城市空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測、產(chǎn)生易燃易爆氣體工廠的監(jiān)控等。
[Abstract]:Clean air on the earth is a necessary condition for human survival. Air can be purified by natural deposition, precipitation, ultraviolet rays in the sun and so on. Only by monitoring air quality can we understand the situation of air quality and make timely preventive measures. At the same time, it provides urban residents with air quality data around the living areas. In view of the current problems such as the location of the data provided by the official website of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the major air quality query platforms, the data are not accurate enough, and the data are not enough detailed, and so on. A multi-parameter on-line air quality monitoring system is designed, which makes up for the above shortcomings and realizes fine monitoring. The system combines wireless sensor network with LoRa communication technology and GPRS communication technology by using multi-point distributed multi-sensor to collect data. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, a multi-parameter air quality on-line monitoring system is designed. The sensor nodes distributed in different areas of the city collect a number of air quality parameters. Including the temperature and humidity of CO2CO2COSO2NO2P2.5. the star wireless sensor network is composed of multiple sensor nodes and a gateway node, which communicates with each other through LoRa communication technology. The gateway node transmits the data of each sensor node to the server through the GPRS module. The monitoring data can be queried by client, mobile phone and Web. Secondly, the hardware and software of the system are designed and implemented. The peripheral circuit of the sensor node master controller MSP430 and the receiving and transmitting circuit of the LoRa communication module SX1276, the peripheral circuit of the gateway node master controller STM32 and the serial port circuit connected with the GPRS module SIM900A. Communication between gateway node and sensor node, data transmission and alarm of gateway node, and design of upper computer query software. Finally, The multi-parameter air quality on-line monitoring system is realized and tested. According to the design requirements, the testing system is built in the school, and the data collected by the system are analyzed, and the optical fiber gas sensor is calibrated. The test results show that the system can run stably for a long time, can realize multi-parameter acquisition and long-distance transmission, and can be applied to urban air quality monitoring. Production of flammable and explosive gas factory monitoring and so on.
【學位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP274

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