發(fā)布時間：2018-03-08 23:02

  本文選題：二進制編碼水尺　切入點：圖像處理　出處：《江西理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：水位信息是水庫管理過程中最重要的水文數(shù)據(jù)之一,隨著科技與經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,水資源安全利用和優(yōu)化管理越來越受到社會的關(guān)注。目前,傳統(tǒng)的水位檢測有:(1)人工目測水尺讀數(shù)。這種方法主觀性很強,并且耗費精力,如果遇到極端天氣,觀測者的人身安全得不到保證。(2)利用水位計采集水位信息。由于水位計在獲取水位的過程中,需要專門配置水位信息獲取設(shè)備,投資大且維護困難。利用數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù)進行水位識別已經(jīng)成為研究熱點,這種非接觸式水位檢測系統(tǒng)具有穩(wěn)定、可靠和實時性強等優(yōu)點。因此,基于水庫監(jiān)控攝像頭的非接觸式水位監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)是一個很有研究價值的課題,這對水庫的自動化管理,具有十分重要的意義。本文主要研究內(nèi)容為:首先,設(shè)計了基于二進制編碼水尺和數(shù)字圖像的水位遠程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)。系統(tǒng)由兩個子系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成,分別是水庫水位監(jiān)測子系統(tǒng)和水庫閘門控制子系統(tǒng),并詳細介紹了子系統(tǒng)的組成成分。針對水庫水位監(jiān)測子系統(tǒng),本文設(shè)計了一種二進制編碼水尺,并建立了二進制編碼水尺的水位識別算法,識別算法采用模塊化的思想,主要包含水尺刻度線提取模塊、水尺量程信息獲取模塊、水位值實時解算模塊。其次,設(shè)計了二進制編碼水尺的刻度線提取與字符分割的方案。首先通過視頻監(jiān)控攝像頭拍攝含水位信息的二進制編碼水尺影像數(shù)據(jù),并將影像數(shù)據(jù)傳輸給PC機,然后在PC機利用數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù)進行水尺圖像關(guān)鍵像素截取、Radon變換算法的水尺傾斜校正、水尺左右和上下邊緣確定等步驟實現(xiàn)水尺刻度線的提取,最后根據(jù)坐標的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,實現(xiàn)表征水尺量程的第一個二進制編碼字符定位與分割。然后,建立了基于Hopfield神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的二進制編碼水尺水位識別方法。首先利用離散型Hopfield神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的聯(lián)想記憶能力,對殘缺、變形和含噪的二進制編碼字符進行修正。然后對修正后的二進制編碼字符,利用模板匹配算法實現(xiàn)字符識別,根據(jù)二進制編碼字符與十進制數(shù)字的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,得到水尺的量程信息。最后根據(jù)水尺刻度線與水尺量程之間的數(shù)學關(guān)系,實現(xiàn)水位值的實時解算。最后,分析了水庫閘門控制子系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計了水位遠程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的人機交互界面。針對水庫閘門控制子系統(tǒng),本文利用PLC-變頻器技術(shù)進行水庫閘門的升降控制。本文利用Lab VIEW編程平臺實現(xiàn)了水位遠程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)人機交互界面的設(shè)計,通過視頻監(jiān)控攝像頭采集實時的水尺圖像,并提取水尺圖像感興趣區(qū)域,結(jié)合本文的水位識別思想,實現(xiàn)水位值的實時解算。通過相應(yīng)的仿真實驗,證明了本文的研究思路是可取的。
[Abstract]:Water level information is one of the most important hydrological data in the process of reservoir management. With the development of science and technology and economy, the safe utilization and optimal management of water resources have attracted more and more attention of the society. The traditional water level measurement includes 1: 1) manual visual measurement of water gauge readings. This method is highly subjective and energy consuming, and if extreme weather is encountered, The safety of the observer is not guaranteed. (2) the water level information is collected by using the water level meter. Since the water level meter needs to be specially equipped with the water level information acquisition equipment during the process of obtaining the water level, Using digital image processing technology to identify water level has become a research hotspot. This non-contact water level detection system has the advantages of stability, reliability and real-time. The contactless water level monitoring system based on reservoir monitoring camera is a valuable research subject, which is of great significance to the automatic management of reservoir. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first of all, The structure of water level remote monitoring system based on binary coded water ruler and digital image is designed. The system is composed of two subsystems: reservoir water level monitoring subsystem and reservoir gate control subsystem. The composition of the subsystem is introduced in detail. For the monitoring subsystem of reservoir water level, this paper designs a binary coded water gauge, and establishes the water level recognition algorithm of binary coded water gauge. The recognition algorithm adopts the idea of modularization. It mainly includes the water scale drawing module, the water gauge range information acquisition module, the real-time water level calculation module. Secondly, In this paper, a scheme of drawing the scale and dividing the characters of the binary coded water ruler is designed. Firstly, the video surveillance camera is used to capture the image data of the binary coded water ruler, which contains the water level information, and the image data is transmitted to the PC. Then the digital image processing technology is used in PC to intercept the key pixels of the water scale image to correct the tilt of the water ruler, to determine the left and right sides of the water ruler and to determine the upper and lower edges of the water ruler. Finally, according to the corresponding relationship of the coordinates, the drawing line of the water ruler is obtained. In this paper, the first binary coded character location and segmentation is realized. Then, a binary coded water level recognition method based on Hopfield neural network is established. Firstly, the associative memory ability of discrete Hopfield neural network is used to deformity. Then the modified binary coded characters are modified by template matching algorithm. According to the corresponding relation between binary coded characters and decimal numbers, Finally, according to the mathematical relationship between the water gauge scale and the water gauge range, the real-time calculation of the water level value is realized. Finally, the structure of the reservoir gate control subsystem is analyzed. The man-machine interface of the remote water level monitoring system is designed. In this paper, the PLC inverter technology is used to control the reservoir gate, and the man-machine interface of the remote water level monitoring system is designed by using Lab VIEW programming platform. The real-time water ruler images are collected by the video surveillance camera. The region of interest of the water ruler image is extracted and the real-time calculation of the water level value is realized by combining the idea of water level recognition in this paper. The corresponding simulation experiment proves that the research idea of this paper is desirable.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP277;TP391.41;TV697

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本文編號：1585907