發(fā)布時間：2018-01-05 03:09

  本文關鍵詞：基于微慣性傳感器的傾角測量系統(tǒng)研究　出處：《中北大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 微慣性傳感器 傾角測量系統(tǒng) 誤差機理分析 誤差補償技術

【摘要】：隨著MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical System)技術的不斷進步,微慣性傳感器正以其高性能、高穩(wěn)定性、低功耗、小體積等優(yōu)勢廣泛應用于軍事和民用領域中,在民用領域中的智能手機內(nèi)部就集成有微慣性傳感器,通過它們就能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)手機屏幕感應旋轉(zhuǎn)、人體運動檢測及游戲的體感操控等功能;在軍事上將微加速度計和微陀螺儀集成在一起組成微慣性測量單元(MIMU)可以測量炮彈的飛行姿態(tài)實現(xiàn)對敵精確打擊。本文立足于實際工程需求,對基于微慣性傳感器實現(xiàn)傾角測量的原理算法、誤差機理及相應的誤差補償方法進行研究,同時設計一種小型化、智能化的傾角測量儀器,實現(xiàn)測量精度在寬角度、寬溫度范圍內(nèi)的保持技術。首先,本文對MEMS技術、微慣性傳感器、傾角測量儀的國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及應用作簡要概述,對傾角測量系統(tǒng)的組成、敏感測量機理、系統(tǒng)誤差來源進行逐一的分析,提出了一種改進型雙軸加計組合測量方案并完成系統(tǒng)相應的結(jié)構(gòu)設計和硬件平臺的搭建工作;再針對實現(xiàn)測量系統(tǒng)的智能化,在軟件上使用多種方法實現(xiàn)多平臺(自顯示、PC機和移動智能終端)的交互技術,使用LABVIEW軟件設計系統(tǒng)在PC端的動態(tài)交互軟件,利用Android開發(fā)軟件設計在移動智能終端的APP并預留自顯示接口,有效提高了系統(tǒng)可操作性和便攜性;然后,通過誤差機理分析得到影響測量精度的主要因素,擬定出誤差補償?shù)姆桨负途唧w實現(xiàn)的步驟,對系統(tǒng)安裝誤差、不同溫度環(huán)境下微加速度計的標度因數(shù)、零點漂移進行補償修正,并通過具體實驗驗證了所設計的補償方案的有效性;最后,將所設計的傾角測量系統(tǒng)硬軟件進行聯(lián)調(diào)和性能測試驗證,經(jīng)測試實驗表明,系統(tǒng)在±90°的測量范圍內(nèi),測量精度能夠達到±0.01°,同時在-20℃~60℃的溫度范圍內(nèi)利用實時溫度補償技術,實現(xiàn)在全溫范圍內(nèi)精度的保持。
[Abstract]:With the development of MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical system, micro inertial sensors are being used for their high performance, high stability and low power consumption. Small volume and other advantages are widely used in the military and civil fields. In the civilian field, there are micro inertial sensors integrated in the smart phone, through which the mobile phone screen can be rotated. Functions such as human body motion detection and the manipulation of the body sense of the game; The micro inertial measurement unit (MIMUU), which integrates the micro accelerometer and the micro gyroscope in military, can measure the flying attitude of the projectile and achieve the accurate strike against the enemy. This paper is based on the actual engineering requirements. The principle algorithm, error mechanism and the corresponding error compensation method of the inclination measurement based on micro inertial sensor are studied. At the same time, a miniaturized and intelligent inclination angle measuring instrument is designed. To achieve the measurement accuracy in the wide angle, wide temperature range of holding technology. First, the MEMS technology, micro inertial sensor, inclination measuring instrument at home and abroad development status and applications are briefly summarized. The composition of the inclination measurement system, the sensitive measurement mechanism and the error source of the system are analyzed one by one. In this paper, an improved biaxial meter combination measurement scheme is proposed, and the corresponding structure design and hardware platform construction of the system are completed. In order to realize the intelligentization of the measurement system, the interactive technology of multi-platform (self-display PC and mobile intelligent terminal) is realized by many methods on the software. The LABVIEW software is used to design the dynamic interactive software of the system on the PC side, and the Android development software is used to design the APP of the mobile intelligent terminal and reserve the self-display interface. Effectively improve the system maneuverability and portability; Then, through the error mechanism analysis, the main factors affecting the measurement accuracy are obtained, and the scheme of error compensation and the concrete steps of realization are worked out. The system installation error and the scale factor of the micro-accelerometer under different temperature environment are also given. The compensation correction of 00:00 drift is carried out, and the effectiveness of the compensation scheme is verified by experiments. Finally, the hardware and software of the system are tested and verified. The test results show that the precision of the system can reach 鹵0.01 擄in the range of 鹵90 擄. At the same time, in the temperature range of -20 鈩，

本文編號：1381290