【摘要】：中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)步入新常態(tài),知識(shí)創(chuàng)新與技術(shù)進(jìn)步相融合將成為經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的關(guān)鍵要素,而人力資本恰是知識(shí)和技術(shù)的載體,因此,研究人力資本與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之間的關(guān)系對(duì)于促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展具有深遠(yuǎn)意義。第一部分,對(duì)與人力資本和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新相關(guān)的理論進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)與梳理,同時(shí)對(duì)全國(guó)及東、中、西部地區(qū)的人力資本以及技術(shù)創(chuàng)新投入產(chǎn)出的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,運(yùn)用基于Malmquist指數(shù)法測(cè)算中國(guó)各省份及中、東、西部地區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新全要素生產(chǎn)率變動(dòng),并將其分解為技術(shù)進(jìn)步的變動(dòng)和技術(shù)效率的變動(dòng)。計(jì)算結(jié)果顯示,在2001—2014年期間,各省區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新全要素生產(chǎn)率和技術(shù)進(jìn)步在整體上呈增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),而綜合技術(shù)效率指數(shù)則無(wú)明顯改善。由此得出結(jié)論,中國(guó)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新全要素生產(chǎn)率的增長(zhǎng)主要依賴技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,綜合技術(shù)效率增進(jìn)的作用不明顯。第二部分,一改大多數(shù)論文直接將教育作為人力資本代理變量的做法,本文從人力資本形成的過(guò)程出發(fā),選擇健康人力資本、教育人力資本、遷移人力資本與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新全要素生產(chǎn)率構(gòu)建面板回歸模型。研究表明,東部地區(qū)人力資本凈遷入對(duì)本地區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率有明顯地提升,中部、西部地區(qū)的遷移人力資本顯著地抑制技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的增長(zhǎng)。健康人力資本全國(guó)表現(xiàn)弱顯著性,但區(qū)域間差異明顯,東部地區(qū)表現(xiàn)不顯著,而中西部地區(qū)表現(xiàn)顯著。整體而言,人力資本結(jié)構(gòu)中受教育程度對(duì)全國(guó)以及東、中、西部地區(qū)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的增長(zhǎng)表現(xiàn)出一致地顯著。第三部分,人力資本效應(yīng)地發(fā)揮和所在地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境變量密切相關(guān),選用教育人力資本作為人力資本的重點(diǎn)研究對(duì)象,以經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展程度、外商直接投資、金融發(fā)展水平、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)程度等環(huán)境變量作為門(mén)檻對(duì)象,考察不同門(mén)檻變量的作用下人力資本影響技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的增長(zhǎng)效應(yīng)。研究得出的結(jié)論,所有外部經(jīng)濟(jì)變量對(duì)人力資本效應(yīng)存在明顯的門(mén)檻特征,在不同的門(mén)檻值下顯著性不同,對(duì)應(yīng)的環(huán)境變量的門(mén)檻值越高人力資本的效應(yīng)越顯著。根據(jù)本文得出的結(jié)論,對(duì)文章的研究主題提出了相應(yīng)地對(duì)策建議。認(rèn)為教育應(yīng)該更加注重公平,尤其必須加大對(duì)中西部地區(qū)的教育投入。注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生解決問(wèn)題的能力,應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)健康保障的投入,鼓勵(lì)人才自由流動(dòng),最后,從經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、外商直接投資等外部環(huán)境變量的角度,提出使得人力資本效應(yīng)更好發(fā)揮地建議。
[Abstract]:With China's economy entering the new normal, the integration of knowledge innovation and technological progress will become the key element of economic transformation and upgrading, and human capital is the carrier of knowledge and technology. It is of great significance to study the relationship between human capital and technological innovation to promote the sustainable development of economy. The first part briefly summarizes and combs the theories related to human capital and technological innovation, and analyzes the present situation of human capital and the input-output of technological innovation in the whole country and in the east, middle and west regions. Based on the Malmquist index method, the total factor productivity change of technological innovation in China's provinces and regions in the middle, east and west is estimated, and it is decomposed into the changes of technological progress and technological efficiency. The results show that in 2001-2014, the total factor productivity and technological progress of technological innovation in the provinces and regions showed an overall growth trend, while the comprehensive technological efficiency index did not improve significantly. It is concluded that the growth of total factor productivity of technological innovation in China mainly depends on the progress of technology, but the effect of comprehensive technical efficiency is not obvious. In the second part, I change the way that most papers directly regard education as the proxy variable of human capital. This paper starts from the process of human capital formation, chooses healthy human capital, educates human capital. Transfer of human capital and total factor productivity of technological innovation build panel regression model. The results show that the net migration of human capital in the eastern region has significantly improved the efficiency of technological innovation in this region, while the migration of human capital in the central and western regions has significantly inhibited the growth of the efficiency of technological innovation. The national health human capital performance is weak, but the regional difference is obvious, the performance of the eastern region is not significant, and the performance of the central and western regions is significant. As a whole, the educational level in the human capital structure has a consistent and remarkable effect on the growth of technological innovation efficiency in the whole country, in the east, in the middle and in the west. In the third part, the exertion of the human capital effect is closely related to the economic environment variables of the region, and the educational human capital is chosen as the key research object of human capital, with the degree of economic development, foreign direct investment, and financial development level. The environmental variables, such as the degree of infrastructure construction, are used as threshold objects to investigate the growth effect of human capital on the efficiency of technological innovation under the influence of different threshold variables. The conclusion of the study is that all external economic variables have obvious threshold characteristics on human capital. The higher the threshold value of the corresponding environmental variable is, the more significant the human capital effect is. According to the conclusion of this paper, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The author thinks that education should pay more attention to fairness, especially to the central and western regions. Emphasis should be placed on developing students' problem-solving abilities, strengthening investment in health care, encouraging the free flow of talents, and finally, from the perspective of external environmental variables such as economy, finance, infrastructure, foreign direct investment, etc. Put forward to make the human capital effect to play better suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F224;F124.3;F249.2

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