【摘要】：本論文圍繞著機(jī)體抗病毒免疫系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)答機(jī)制,以HIV病毒、噬菌體病毒感染為例,建立了兩個(gè)模型來(lái)分別研究以人體和細(xì)菌為機(jī)體的抗病毒免疫系統(tǒng)作用.第一章簡(jiǎn)要地介紹了人體免疫和細(xì)菌免疫系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)答機(jī)制、相關(guān)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型以及本文所涉及到的理論知識(shí).第二章在有關(guān)HIV感染的模型上,針對(duì)人體免疫中主要的細(xì)胞免疫建立了第一個(gè)模型.主要是研究飽和作用下CD8+T細(xì)胞免疫對(duì)HIV病毒感染的影響.通過(guò)構(gòu)造Lyapunov函數(shù),我們證明了無(wú)感染平衡點(diǎn)、免疫平衡點(diǎn)的全局穩(wěn)定性,并分析了 CD8+T細(xì)胞激活率和死亡率對(duì)HIV感染進(jìn)程的影響.數(shù)值模擬中,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了 CD8+T細(xì)胞的免疫作用.第三章在噬菌體感染細(xì)菌的相關(guān)模型上,基于細(xì)菌的CRISPR/Cas免疫系統(tǒng)作用建立了本文的第二個(gè)模型.主要研究了 CRISPR/Cas免疫系統(tǒng)對(duì)噬菌體和細(xì)菌共存情況及細(xì)菌多樣性的影響.通過(guò)平衡點(diǎn)分析和數(shù)值模擬,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了后向分支、跨臨界分支以及Hopf分支等復(fù)雜的動(dòng)力學(xué)性態(tài).利用Lyapunov函數(shù)和一致持續(xù)理論,得到了無(wú)感染平衡點(diǎn)以及共存平衡點(diǎn)的全局穩(wěn)定結(jié)果.結(jié)合數(shù)值模擬和理論,進(jìn)一步分析了細(xì)菌CRISPR/Cas免疫系統(tǒng)的免疫效率、獲得抗性的營(yíng)養(yǎng)損失與噬菌體突變率三者對(duì)系統(tǒng)解性態(tài)的影響.最后,對(duì)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)性態(tài)及其生物意義作出解釋.
[Abstract]:Based on the mechanism of antiviral immune system, two models of HIV virus and bacteriophage virus infection were established to study the effect of human body and bacteria on antiviral immune system. The first chapter briefly introduces the response mechanism of human immune and bacterial immune system, the related kinetic models and the theoretical knowledge involved in this paper. In the second chapter, the first model is established for the main cellular immunity in human immune system based on the model of HIV infection. The effect of CD8 T cell immunity on HIV virus infection was studied. By constructing the Lyapunov function, we prove the global stability of the non-infective equilibrium point and the immune equilibrium point, and analyze the effects of the activation rate and mortality of CD8 T cells on the process of HIV infection. In the numerical simulation, the immune function of CD8 T cells was further verified. In the third chapter, the second model of bacteriophage infection was established based on the CRISPR/Cas immune system of bacteriophage. The effects of CRISPR/Cas immune system on the coexistence of bacteriophage and bacteria and bacterial diversity were studied. By means of equilibrium point analysis and numerical simulation, we find complex dynamical behaviors such as backward bifurcation, transcritical bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation. By using the Lyapunov function and the uniform persistence theory, the global stability results of the infection free equilibrium and the coexistence equilibrium are obtained. Combined with numerical simulation and theory, the immune efficiency of bacterial CRISPR/Cas immune system was further analyzed, and the effects of nutritional loss of resistance and bacteriophage mutation rate on the system cleavage state were obtained. Finally, the dynamics of the system and its biological significance are explained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O175

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