本文選題：復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 節(jié)點(diǎn)交互對稱性�。� 參考：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)常用來抽象表示某個(gè)實(shí)際系統(tǒng)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的節(jié)點(diǎn)代表實(shí)際系統(tǒng)中的個(gè)體對象,連邊代表個(gè)體對象之間的聯(lián)系。在許多真實(shí)系統(tǒng)中,節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)體都是具有行為決策能力的主觀個(gè)體。當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)間存在交互關(guān)系時(shí),節(jié)點(diǎn)會(huì)采取利己行為,使交互關(guān)系向有利于自己的方向發(fā)展,打破了交互對稱性。如在Mesh無線網(wǎng)中,各個(gè)路由器之間存在著數(shù)據(jù)包的互相傳遞,當(dāng)其中的某個(gè)路由器節(jié)點(diǎn)發(fā)生擁塞時(shí),該節(jié)點(diǎn)往往希望自身承擔(dān)的負(fù)載可以重分發(fā)到網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的其它節(jié)點(diǎn)上,同時(shí)減少來自其它節(jié)點(diǎn)重分發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)包或以該節(jié)點(diǎn)為中轉(zhuǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)包,以此來保持該節(jié)點(diǎn)不會(huì)效率下降或宕機(jī)。當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)過載或故障時(shí),其上的負(fù)載會(huì)重分配到其它節(jié)點(diǎn)上,引起網(wǎng)絡(luò)過載級聯(lián)。然而現(xiàn)有級聯(lián)故障的研究集中于從純粹的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)角度考慮流量變化與擁塞控制,并沒有考慮節(jié)點(diǎn)間交互關(guān)系的作用�；诖�,本課題組構(gòu)建表征節(jié)點(diǎn)間交互對稱性破缺這一動(dòng)力學(xué)行為的對應(yīng)模型,并在級聯(lián)故障中,研究其對網(wǎng)絡(luò)魯棒性的影響。 本文首先揭示了真實(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)中具有行為決策能力的節(jié)點(diǎn)間交互行為的對稱性破缺現(xiàn)象；根據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)自主性、唯理性以及交互過程中的利己行為,構(gòu)建對稱性破缺博弈理論來表征節(jié)點(diǎn)間的交互對稱性破缺這一動(dòng)力學(xué)過程。理論上分析了模型的合理性以及影響對稱性破缺的主要因素。為了探究不對稱因子對博弈結(jié)果的影響,分別在ER隨機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、NW小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)以及BA無尺度網(wǎng)絡(luò)上進(jìn)行博弈仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了該博弈理論的正確性以及對稱性破缺結(jié)果與不對稱因子的關(guān)系。該理論模型為研究節(jié)點(diǎn)間交互動(dòng)力學(xué)提供了理論指導(dǎo)。 之后,本文研究了負(fù)載重分配過程中,節(jié)點(diǎn)間交互對稱性破缺與級聯(lián)傳播的關(guān)系,探索了網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的博弈動(dòng)力學(xué)與級聯(lián)動(dòng)力學(xué)間內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系。我們構(gòu)建了對稱性破缺博弈級聯(lián)模型,分別在BA網(wǎng)絡(luò)與AS自治網(wǎng)絡(luò)上進(jìn)行級聯(lián)仿真。通過調(diào)節(jié)博弈中的初始負(fù)載不對稱因子與策略收益不對稱因子,觀察在不同攻擊策略下,網(wǎng)絡(luò)最大連通尺度與級聯(lián)持續(xù)時(shí)間的變化。最后,根據(jù)所觀察的級聯(lián)演化的時(shí)間特性,設(shè)計(jì)了通過實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)對稱性破缺博弈模型中的參數(shù)來降低級聯(lián)損失的方法。這一成果為節(jié)點(diǎn)具有行為決策能力的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中由級聯(lián)故障引起的重大事故提供了新的決策依據(jù)與解決方案。
[Abstract]:Complex networks are often used to abstractly represent a real system. The nodes in the network represent the individual objects in the actual system, and the connected edges represent the relationships between the individual objects. In many real systems, nodal individuals are subjective individuals with behavioral decision-making ability. When there is interaction between nodes, the node will take self-interest behavior, which makes the interaction develop in the direction that is beneficial to itself and break the symmetry of interaction. For example, in mesh wireless network, there is a transmission of packets between routers. When one of the router nodes is congested, the node often wants its load to be redistributed to other nodes in the network. At the same time, the number of packets redistributed from other nodes or transited by the node is reduced to keep the node from decreasing efficiency or downtime. When the node overload or failure, the load on the node will be redistributed to other nodes, causing network overload cascade. However, the existing research on cascading faults focuses on considering the traffic variation and congestion control from the perspective of pure topology, and does not consider the interaction between nodes. Based on this, our team constructed a corresponding model to characterize the dynamic behavior of the symmetries breaking between nodes, and in the cascade fault, First of all, this paper reveals the symmetry breaking phenomenon of the interaction behavior between nodes with behavioral decision ability in real network system, according to node autonomy, rationality and self-interest behavior in the process of interaction. The symmetry breaking game theory is constructed to characterize the dynamic process of the interactive symmetry breaking between nodes. The rationality of the model and the main factors affecting symmetry breaking are analyzed theoretically. In order to explore the influence of asymmetric factors on game results, game simulation experiments were carried out on ER random networks and BA scale-free networks. The experimental results verify the correctness of the game theory and the relationship between the symmetry breaking result and the asymmetry factor. The theoretical model provides theoretical guidance for the study of interaction dynamics between nodes. After that, the relationship between the symmetry breaking between nodes and cascade propagation in the process of load redistribution is studied in this paper. The relationship between game dynamics and cascade dynamics in the network is explored. We construct a cascade model of symmetry breaking game and carry out cascade simulation on BA network and as autonomous network respectively. By adjusting the initial load asymmetry factor and the policy income asymmetry factor in the game, the changes of the maximum connectivity scale and the cascade duration of the network under different attack strategies are observed. Finally, according to the observed time characteristics of cascade evolution, a method is designed to reduce the cascade loss by adjusting the parameters in the game model of symmetry breaking in real time. This result provides a new decision basis and solution for the major accidents caused by cascading faults in a network with behavioral decision ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O157.5

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本文編號：2001718