本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于分形特征的虛擬植物形態(tài)建模方法研究　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：分形思維自古便有，但分形理論卻是直到最近三十年才得以迅速發(fā)展起來的一門嶄新的理論，主要描述非線性系統(tǒng)中無序、復(fù)雜、不規(guī)則、具有精細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，揭示了自然界中有序性與無序性、確定性與隨機(jī)性之間的統(tǒng)一，為探索自然界中一些復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)所展現(xiàn)的發(fā)展規(guī)律和內(nèi)在本質(zhì)提供了新的思維和方法。分形植物是自然界的一個不可或缺的組成部分，，和人類的生活環(huán)境密切相連，其形態(tài)和功能的模擬一直是研究的熱點。雖然自然界中的植物千姿百態(tài)、千匯萬狀，卻但其結(jié)構(gòu)和本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵大都具有分形特征，可以非常簡單的使用分形理論來進(jìn)行解釋和研究。隨著分形理論研究的深入和應(yīng)用范圍領(lǐng)域的拓展，分形植物模擬在計算機(jī)仿真、人工智能、虛擬現(xiàn)實、農(nóng)林業(yè)研究等技術(shù)以及商業(yè)、環(huán)保、教育、娛樂等領(lǐng)域中得到非常廣泛的關(guān)注和應(yīng)用，有著非常廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。 基于分形特征的虛擬植物形態(tài)模擬是以植物的個體或群體作為主要研究對象，并通過量化其生物學(xué)意義和結(jié)構(gòu)特征來對植物的結(jié)構(gòu)、形態(tài)以及植物的動態(tài)生長過程、隨機(jī)生長過程等方面進(jìn)行可視化模擬與仿真�；诜中翁卣鞯奶摂M植物形態(tài)模擬以計算機(jī)學(xué)為中心，結(jié)合幾何學(xué)、統(tǒng)計學(xué)、生物學(xué)、信息學(xué)等多種學(xué)科的交錯研究。分形植物的研究不僅使信息農(nóng)林業(yè)領(lǐng)得到了廣闊的發(fā)展，同時也為生物學(xué)的進(jìn)一步探索研究提供了有力的依據(jù)。鑒于此，基于分形特征的虛擬植物形態(tài)建模方法研究不僅可以極大的豐富分形植物建模方法，還對植物形態(tài)逼真性和有效性的表達(dá)有極其重要的使用研究價值和深遠(yuǎn)的意義。 基于分形特征的虛擬植物形態(tài)建模方法實際上是利用植物自身結(jié)構(gòu)的分形特征采用一定的迭代算法來生成植物模型的方法。當(dāng)今分形植物建模方法主要包括：L-系統(tǒng)、IFS系統(tǒng)、粒子系統(tǒng)、DLA模型、參考軸模型、多尺度自助機(jī)模型等。本文是采用在分形植物建模方面更加靈活的L-系統(tǒng)方法，通過測量和應(yīng)用實體分形植物數(shù)據(jù)，采用Logistic生長方程和MC隨機(jī)方法對對植物并行的生長過程進(jìn)行表達(dá)，并使用B-樣條曲線對植物的彎曲性進(jìn)行可行化論述，本文對基于分形特征的虛擬植物形態(tài)建模的研究工作主要包括以下五個方面： 1.對分形理論進(jìn)行深入的研究和分析 通過對分形理論的深入理解，總結(jié)歸納出分形的基本性質(zhì)和分形的主要研究方法，分形的基本算法，以及分形植物所具有的分形特征。通過對自然界中分形植物形態(tài)的分析，深入研究分形理論和分形植物的形態(tài)模型。 2.使用L-系統(tǒng)方法對分形植物的生理生態(tài)模型進(jìn)行建模 結(jié)合L-系統(tǒng)在分形植物形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的表達(dá)上所具有優(yōu)勢和實際的生物學(xué)實驗數(shù)據(jù)，應(yīng)用L-系統(tǒng)表達(dá)植物的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和幾何形態(tài)，同時也可以實現(xiàn)分形植物動態(tài)的生長過程，不僅可以極大地豐富和擴(kuò)展了分形理論和L-系統(tǒng)方法，同時也擴(kuò)展了其它的研究領(lǐng)域。 3.對植物動態(tài)生長過程進(jìn)行可控性建模 采用Logistic生長方程和MC隨機(jī)方法，通過測量真實數(shù)據(jù)得出符合植物生長的參數(shù)，并對植物生長的動態(tài)過程進(jìn)行模擬。以植物生長節(jié)點為初始狀態(tài)，通過參數(shù)L-系統(tǒng)和隨機(jī)L-系統(tǒng)建立完整的分支的生長規(guī)則，實現(xiàn)虛擬植物拓?fù)湫螒B(tài)的模擬。 4.在三維空間上對植物分支彎曲性表達(dá) 采用B-樣條曲線表達(dá)植物枝條的彎曲形態(tài)，再現(xiàn)植物的自然之美，使用子L-系統(tǒng)對植物枝條進(jìn)行彎曲性控制，使得分形植物自然、逼真，更加具有立體視覺效果。 5.實驗仿真與應(yīng)用 采用VC++對分形植物的生長進(jìn)行建模，通過改進(jìn)的L-系統(tǒng)方法來實現(xiàn)對不同分形植物的形態(tài)模擬。
[Abstract]:Fractal thinking has always been there, but the fractal theory is until the last thirty years to a new theory developed rapidly, mainly describes the nonlinear system disorder, complex and irregular structure, with fine structure, reveals the nature of orderliness and no order, unity between certainty and randomness. Provides new thinking and methods to explore some complex structure show the development rule and the essence of nature. The fractal plants are an integral part of nature, and the human living environment is closely connected to simulate the morphology and function has become a hot topic. Although the natural plants in different poses and with different expressions. Qianhuiwanzhuang, but its structure and essence have fractal characteristics, the use of fractal theory can be very simple to explain and research. With the research of fractal theory In depth and application area, fractal plant simulation has attracted extensive attention and application in computer simulation, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, agroforestry, and business, environmental protection, education, entertainment and other fields. It has a very broad application prospect.
Virtual plant morphology fractal simulation is to plant individuals or groups as the main research object based on the structure of the plant by quantifying the biological significance and the structure characteristics, morphology and dynamics of plant growth process, random growth process simulation and visual simulation of virtual plant morphology. The fractal characteristic of the computer learning as the center, based on geometry, statistics, biology, information science and other disciplines of staggered. Study on Fractal plants not only make information and get the broad development, but also provides a strong basis for the study of biology for further exploration. In view of this, fractal rich plant modeling method study on fractal features of the virtual plant morphology based modeling method can not only greatly, but also has extremely important realistic on plant morphology and effective expression Research value and far-reaching significance.
Based on the fractal characteristics of the virtual plant modeling method is actually using the method of fractal characteristics of plant structure using the iterative algorithm to generate a certain plant model. The fractal plant modeling methods include: L- system, IFS system, particle system, DLA model, reference model, multi scale self machine model is adopted in the paper. L- method is more flexible in terms of fractal plant modeling, through the measurement and application of solid fractal plant data, MC growth equations and stochastic methods on the growth process of plants were expressed by Logistic in parallel, and discusses the feasible bending of plants using the B- spline curve, this paper research on virtual plant modeling based on fractal features mainly include the following five aspects:
1. in depth research and analysis of fractal theory
Through in-depth understanding of fractal theory, summarizes the main research methods and basic properties of the basic algorithm of fractal, fractal, and the fractal plant fractal characteristics. Through the analysis of the nature of fractal plant shapes, shape model research on fractal theory and fractal plants.
2. using the L- system method to model the physiological and ecological models of fractal plants
According to the experimental data and the actual biological advantages of the L- system has the expression of morphological structure of fractal plants on the topology and geometry of plant expression using the L- system, but also can realize the dynamic growth process of fractal plants, not only can enrich and expand the fractal theory and method of L- system, at the same time expand other research fields.
3. controllable modeling of plant dynamic growth process
With the method of stochastic growth equation and MC Logistic, through the real data measured with plant growth parameters, and the dynamic process of plant growth simulation. In order to plant growth nodes as the initial state, the establishment of a complete branch through the parameters of L- system and stochastic L- system growth rule, realizes the simulation of virtual plant topology.
4. flexural expression of plant branches in three-dimensional space
The B- spline curve is used to express the bending form of plant branches, reproduce the natural beauty of plants, and use the sub L- system to control the bending of plant branches, making fractal plants natural, realistic and more stereoscopic.
5. experiment simulation and Application
The growth of fractal plants was modeled by VC++, and the morphological simulation of different fractal plants was realized by the improved L- system method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O189

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