【摘要】：整機(jī)動(dòng)平衡是旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械振動(dòng)控制的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),目前,工業(yè)上都是孤立地利用單向振動(dòng)信息去實(shí)施整機(jī)動(dòng)平衡,但是對(duì)于剛度各向差異顯著的轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng),單次平衡精度不高和平衡效率低下。此外,基于上述方法的動(dòng)平衡儀器常見是以單片機(jī)為核心的手持式設(shè)備或者是以PC機(jī)為核心,單片機(jī)為下位機(jī)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)。前者數(shù)據(jù)處理能力弱,交互能力差,后者雖然具有數(shù)字化和人性化的特點(diǎn),但是成本高,續(xù)航能力弱,攜帶不方便,上下位機(jī)間需用專用線纜通信,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)布線麻煩。針對(duì)以上缺點(diǎn),本文在深入研究全頻整機(jī)動(dòng)平衡方法基礎(chǔ)上,從硬件框架,通訊協(xié)議和軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)等方面詳細(xì)討論了基于智能手機(jī)的全頻整機(jī)動(dòng)平衡測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與開發(fā),取得了以下成果：1.提出了全頻整機(jī)動(dòng)平衡方法。首先拾取轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的基準(zhǔn)信號(hào)和水平,豎直方向的振動(dòng)信號(hào),用整周期互相關(guān)方法識(shí)別出工頻振動(dòng)信號(hào)的幅值和相位,結(jié)合FFT和全息技術(shù)進(jìn)行工頻故障確診,提高不平衡確診率。再將工頻橢圓分解成正進(jìn)動(dòng)振動(dòng)和反進(jìn)動(dòng)振動(dòng),用模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了正進(jìn)動(dòng)振動(dòng)的初矢徑能夠代表剛度各向異性轉(zhuǎn)子的不平衡振動(dòng)響應(yīng),研究證明可以基于正進(jìn)動(dòng)的初矢徑用影響系數(shù)法去識(shí)別出轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡量。2.提出了一種基于智能移動(dòng)終端的全頻整機(jī)動(dòng)平衡測(cè)試系統(tǒng)方案。該系統(tǒng)采用主從結(jié)構(gòu),移動(dòng)終端主要用于人機(jī)交互,振動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè),故障診斷,不平衡解算和數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ),下位機(jī)是單片機(jī),控制信號(hào)采集,上下位機(jī)通過(guò)RFCOMM數(shù)據(jù)格式的進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)通信。3.設(shè)計(jì)了上下位機(jī)之間的通信協(xié)議,完成了整個(gè)動(dòng)平衡測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)。用軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩者之間的藍(lán)牙RFCOMM信道的連接和可靠通信,實(shí)現(xiàn)了手機(jī)上實(shí)時(shí)振動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)、振動(dòng)分析、不平衡解算和數(shù)據(jù)儲(chǔ)存。4.用開發(fā)儀器對(duì)4-72型離心式風(fēng)機(jī)進(jìn)行了動(dòng)平衡實(shí)驗(yàn),獲得了良好的效果,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,全頻動(dòng)平衡方法比傳統(tǒng)影響系數(shù)法單次平衡精度更高,平衡效果更顯著,驗(yàn)證了全頻動(dòng)平衡方法和研制儀器的可靠性和實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:Dynamic balancing is the key technology in vibration control of rotating machinery. At present, the unidirectional vibration information is used in industry to implement the dynamic balance of the whole machine, but for rotor systems with different stiffness in different directions, The single balancing accuracy is not high and the balance efficiency is low. In addition, the dynamic balancing instrument based on the above method is usually a hand-held device with single-chip microcomputer as the core or a field test system with PC as the core and single-chip computer as the lower computer. Although the former has the characteristics of digitalization and humanization, the latter has the characteristics of high cost, weak endurance, inconvenient carrying, special cable communication between the upper and lower computers, and trouble of wiring in the field. In view of the above shortcomings, this paper discusses the design and development of the full frequency dynamic balance test system based on smart phone in detail from the aspects of hardware framework, communication protocol and software implementation, on the basis of in-depth research on the dynamic balancing method of full-frequency whole machine. The following results have been achieved: 1. The dynamic balancing method of full frequency whole machine is put forward. Firstly, the reference signal and horizontal signal of rotor system are picked up, the vibration signal in vertical direction is picked up, the amplitude and phase of vibration signal of power frequency are identified by the method of whole period cross-correlation, and the power frequency fault is diagnosed with FFT and holography. Improve the diagnosis rate of imbalance. Then the power frequency ellipse is decomposed into positive precession vibration and reverse precession vibration. It is verified by simulation and experiment that the initial vector diameter of positive precession vibration can represent the unbalanced vibration response of the rotor with anisotropic stiffness. It is proved that the rotor unbalance. 2. 2 can be identified by the influence coefficient method based on the forward precession initial vector diameter. In this paper, a scheme of dynamic balance testing system for full frequency whole machine based on intelligent mobile terminal is presented. The system adopts master-slave structure, mobile terminal is mainly used for man-machine interaction, vibration monitoring, fault diagnosis, unbalanced solution and data storage. Upper and lower computer through RFCOMM data format for data communication. 3. The communication protocol between upper and lower computers is designed, and the software implementation of the whole dynamic balance test system is completed. The connection and reliable communication of Bluetooth RFCOMM channel between them are realized by software. The real-time vibration monitoring, vibration analysis, unbalanced solution and data storage on mobile phone are realized. The dynamic balance experiment of 4-72 centrifugal fan is carried out with the development instrument. The experimental results show that the full frequency dynamic balancing method is more accurate than the traditional influence coefficient method, and the balance effect is more remarkable than that of the traditional influence coefficient method. The reliability and practicability of the full frequency dynamic balance method and the instrument are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TH877

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本文編號(hào)：2122132