【摘要】：無線個(gè)人局域網(wǎng)(Wireless Personal Area Network)是一種面向特定群體,針對小范圍通信的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)。其目前的主要技術(shù)包括藍(lán)牙技術(shù)、Zigbee技術(shù)、超寬帶(Ultra wideband;UWB)通信技術(shù)、HomeRF、WiMedia以及仍處于不斷發(fā)展中的60GHz短距離無線通信技術(shù)等。在以上的通信系統(tǒng)中,天線作為無線通信的重要組件,一直獲得廣泛的關(guān)注和研究。對于通信系統(tǒng)而言,如何提高通信速率與如何使通信設(shè)備小型化一直是人們所關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。在藍(lán)牙和超寬帶等通信系統(tǒng)中,通常使用全向性天線來保證通信設(shè)備之間在不同方位下的正常通信。因此設(shè)計(jì)可以覆蓋多個(gè)頻段的全向性天線成為解決問題的有效方案之一。此外,基于60GHz的短距離無線通信技術(shù)也一直備受關(guān)注,由于具有豐富的頻譜資源,60GHz短距離通信具有很高的通信速率。然而,在該毫米波通信系統(tǒng)中,由于電磁波在空間中傳播時(shí)的衰減很大,所以為了擴(kuò)大通信范圍,需要設(shè)計(jì)具有高增益特性的天線。因此,對60GHz高增益天線的研究具有重要意義,目前也仍有較大的進(jìn)步空間。綜上所述,本文對WPAN中平面天線的主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1.本文首先設(shè)計(jì)了一款可以應(yīng)用于終端設(shè)備的雙頻帶平面單極子天線,天線采用微帶饋電。對天線的諧振特性進(jìn)行了分析,使天線的工作帶寬覆蓋了藍(lán)牙頻段和整個(gè)UWB頻段。經(jīng)加工和測試,天線具有全向的輻射特性和穩(wěn)定的帶內(nèi)增益。其次,本文提出了一款具有水平極化特性的全向性天線,該天線利用偶極子旋轉(zhuǎn)排列構(gòu)成環(huán)陣天線,使天線在水平面上輻射水平極化的電磁波。仿真和實(shí)測結(jié)果表明該天線的工作頻段覆蓋了藍(lán)牙、WiMAX以及WLAN,天線具有穩(wěn)定的方向圖,交叉極化小于10dB,并且在帶內(nèi)有較平坦的增益。2.基于PCB工藝,設(shè)計(jì)了兩款用于60GHz無線通信的定向天線。首先,為了增強(qiáng)法線方向的增益,我們提出了在偶極子上下等距處加有寄生貼片的天線結(jié)構(gòu),并且對這種結(jié)構(gòu)下天線的輻射特性進(jìn)行了簡單的分析,分析結(jié)果表明天線可能具有三種基本的輻射方向圖。接著,在60GHz高增益天線的設(shè)計(jì)過程中,通過合理的應(yīng)用這種結(jié)構(gòu),提高了天線的方向性。最后,通過對天線增加反射面,天線在法線方向上的增益進(jìn)一步得以提高。天線的總體尺寸為7.5mm×8mm×0.781mm,測試結(jié)果表明天線工作頻段覆蓋了57-64GHz,在該范圍內(nèi)最大實(shí)測增益約為10.9dBi,整體增益波動(dòng)小于1dB。其次,文章提出了一款新型的60GHz寬波束平面天線。天線同樣以平面偶極子天線為原型,利用其寬的波束寬度,并通過一系列變形和加載,增加了天線在端射方向的輻射強(qiáng)度。實(shí)測的結(jié)果表明天線工作頻段覆蓋了57-64GHz,波束寬度整體保持在142°到153°之間。在57-64GHz中,最大實(shí)測增益約為6.8dBi,并且波動(dòng)小于1dB。
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圖片說明：無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的劃分
[Abstract]:Wireless personal Local area Network (Wireless Personal Area Network) is a kind of wireless network which is oriented to specific groups and aims at small range communication. Its main technologies include Bluetooth technology, Zigbee technology, ultra-broadband (Ultra wideband;UWB) communication technology, HomeRF,WiMedia and 60GHz short-distance wireless communication technology, which is still in the process of development. In the above communication system, antenna, as an important component of wireless communication, has been widely concerned and studied. For the communication system, how to improve the communication rate and how to miniaturize the communication equipment has always been the focus of attention. In Bluetooth and ultra-broadband communication systems, omnidirectional antennas are usually used to ensure normal communication between communication devices in different directions. Therefore, the design of omnidirectional antenna which can cover multiple frequency bands has become one of the effective solutions to the problem. In addition, short distance wireless communication technology based on 60GHz has attracted much attention all the time. Because of its rich spectrum resources, 60GHz short distance communication has a high communication rate. However, in this millimeter wave communication system, because of the great attenuation of electromagnetic wave propagation in space, in order to expand the communication range, it is necessary to design an antenna with high gain characteristics. Therefore, the study of 60GHz high gain antenna is of great significance, and there is still great room for progress. To sum up, the main research contents of planar antenna in WPAN are as follows: 1. In this paper, a dual-band planar monopole antenna which can be used in terminal equipment is designed, which is fed by microstrip. The resonance characteristics of the antenna are analyzed, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna covers the Bluetooth band and the whole UWB band. After processing and testing, the antenna has omni-directional radiation characteristics and stable in-band gain. Secondly, a omnidirectional antenna with horizontal polarization characteristics is proposed in this paper. The antenna uses the rotation of the dipoles to form a ring array antenna, so that the antenna radiates the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave on the horizontal plane. The simulation and measured results show that the working frequency band of the antenna covers Bluetooth, WiMAX and WLAN, antennas have stable pattern, cross polarization is less than 10 dB, and the gain is flat in the band. 2. Based on PCB process, two directional antennas for 60GHz wireless communication are designed. Firstly, in order to enhance the gain of the normal direction, we propose the antenna structure with parasitic patch at the equal distance between the dipole and the dipole, and make a simple analysis of the radiation characteristics of the antenna under this structure. The analysis results show that the antenna may have three basic radiation patterns. Then, in the design process of 60GHz high gain antenna, the directivity of the antenna is improved by applying this structure reasonably. Finally, by adding the reflector to the antenna, the gain of the antenna in the normal direction is further improved. The overall size of the antenna is 7.5mm 脳 8mm 脳 0.781 mm. The test results show that the working frequency band of the antenna covers 57 鈮，

本文編號：2511607