【摘要】：隨著無線通信技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,人類生活的空間范圍內(nèi)充斥著各種電磁信號(hào),這些故意或無意的電磁信號(hào)已經(jīng)極大影響有用信號(hào)的正常接收�？諘r(shí)自適應(yīng)抗干擾(STAP)技術(shù)通過分析信號(hào)特征,利用陣列空域調(diào)零和時(shí)域?yàn)V波技術(shù)在空時(shí)兩個(gè)維度抑制干擾信號(hào)并保障有用信號(hào)接收。特別是在衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航接收中,STAP技術(shù)可以極大提升接收機(jī)在復(fù)雜電磁環(huán)境下正常工作的能力。本文以北斗導(dǎo)航接收系統(tǒng)為應(yīng)用背景,研究分析STAP算法基本原理結(jié)合天線陣列數(shù)值仿真對(duì)空域調(diào)零和時(shí)域?yàn)V波技術(shù)展開研究�；诳沼蜃赃m應(yīng)處理(SAP)理論建立了數(shù)學(xué)模型,分別推導(dǎo)了最大信干比準(zhǔn)則、最小均方差準(zhǔn)則、最大似然準(zhǔn)則和最小方差準(zhǔn)則條件下的最優(yōu)權(quán)矢量表達(dá)式；分析了四種準(zhǔn)則條件下天線陣列的空域響應(yīng)特性。根據(jù)衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航信號(hào)特點(diǎn),本文選擇基于最小方差準(zhǔn)則的功率倒置算法開展研究。建立了基于Matlab的仿真模型,分析了陣列參數(shù)對(duì)陣列空域響應(yīng)變化的影響；對(duì)比了四陣元方陣、Y陣空域響應(yīng)特性,驗(yàn)證了在緊湊結(jié)構(gòu)中參考陣元?jiǎng)討B(tài)選取條件下方陣綜合性能優(yōu)于Y陣；分析了天線陣列通道不一致性和陣元互耦對(duì)空域響應(yīng)特性的影響：1)陣元幅相誤差在單干擾條件下會(huì)導(dǎo)致空域響應(yīng)特性變差。2)陣元互耦誤差會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)空域響應(yīng)特性嚴(yán)重惡化,特別在大干信比條件下。針對(duì)陣元互耦誤差問題提出了互耦矩陣補(bǔ)償、降耦等方法改善系統(tǒng)性能。建立了空時(shí)自適應(yīng)(STAP)數(shù)學(xué)模型,推導(dǎo)了功率倒置算法下的最優(yōu)權(quán)矢量表達(dá)式；仿真分析了高斯干擾條件下時(shí)域參數(shù)對(duì)空時(shí)響應(yīng)特性的影響,為時(shí)域階數(shù)和快拍數(shù)取值提供依據(jù)；仿真分析了周期脈沖干擾、調(diào)頻干擾下時(shí)域參數(shù)變化規(guī)律。分析表明,不同干擾條件下時(shí)域參數(shù)的選取具有差異性。采用電磁仿真軟件建立了四元圓極化微帶天線方陣,仿真優(yōu)化了天線參數(shù),完成了設(shè)計(jì)、加工和測(cè)試工作。無源天線陣列測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)與仿真結(jié)果相近,滿足使用要求。有源系統(tǒng)級(jí)抗干擾測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)與仿真結(jié)果存在一定差距,主要由天線陣元互耦、數(shù)據(jù)精度、算法結(jié)構(gòu)等因素導(dǎo)致。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the space range of human life is full of all kinds of electromagnetic signals, these intentional or unintentional electromagnetic signals have greatly affected the normal reception of useful signals. Space-time adaptive anti-interference (STAP) technology uses array spatial zeroing and time-domain filtering techniques to suppress interference signals in space-time dimensions and ensure useful signal reception by analyzing signal characteristics. Especially in satellite navigation reception, STAP technology can greatly improve the ability of the receiver to work normally in complex electromagnetic environment. In this paper, based on the application background of Beidou navigation and receiving system, the basic principle of STAP algorithm and the numerical simulation of antenna array are studied to study the spatial zero adjustment and time domain filtering technology. Based on the (SAP) theory of spatial adaptive processing, the mathematical model is established, and the optimal weight vector expressions under the conditions of maximum signal-to-interference ratio criterion, minimum mean square error criterion, maximum likelihood criterion and minimum variance criterion are derived respectively, and the spatial response characteristics of antenna arrays under four criteria are analyzed. According to the characteristics of satellite navigation signal, the power inversion algorithm based on minimum variance criterion is selected in this paper. The simulation model based on Matlab is established, and the influence of array parameters on the spatial response of the array is analyzed, and the spatial response characteristics of four-element square array and Y-array are compared, and it is verified that the comprehensive performance of square array is better than that of Y matrix under the condition of dynamic selection of reference elements in compact structure. The influence of antenna array channel inconsistency and array element mutual coupling on spatial response characteristics is analyzed: 1) the amplitude and phase error of array elements will lead to the deterioration of spatial response characteristics under the condition of single interference. 2) the mutual coupling error of array elements will lead to the serious deterioration of the spatial response characteristics of the system, especially under the condition of large dry signal ratio. Aiming at the problem of mutual coupling error of array elements, mutual coupling matrix compensation and decoupling methods are proposed to improve the performance of the system. The mathematical model of space-time adaptive (STAP) is established, and the expression of optimal weight vector under power inversion algorithm is derived. the influence of time-domain parameters on space-time response characteristics under Gaussian interference is simulated and analyzed, which provides the basis for the value of time-domain order and fast beat number, and the variation law of time-domain parameters under periodic pulse interference and frequency modulation interference is simulated and analyzed. The analysis shows that the selection of time domain parameters is different under different interference conditions. The quaternion circularly polarized microstrip antenna array is established by using electromagnetic simulation software. The antenna parameters are simulated and optimized, and the design, machining and testing work are completed. The test data of passive antenna array are similar to the simulation results, which meets the requirements of use. There is a certain gap between the anti-interference test data at the active system level and the simulation results, which is mainly caused by the mutual coupling of antenna elements, data accuracy, algorithm structure and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN967.1

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本文編號(hào)：2508990