【摘要】：隨著衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,各國的尖端武器對導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的運用,以及其他國家對本國導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的干擾設(shè)備不斷改進,導(dǎo)航抗干擾系統(tǒng)的性能提升已經(jīng)迫在眉睫。本文從這一點出發(fā),針對目前大多數(shù)干擾信號為寬帶信號這一特點,從干擾抑制基本原理入手,研究了一些常見參數(shù)對干擾抑制性能的影響。首先從衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航信號為擴頻編碼信號,衛(wèi)星信號功率弱于噪聲信號功率這一基本特點出發(fā),并且在實際環(huán)境中并不能預(yù)知干擾信號的來向方位,故而引入常用于衛(wèi)星信號干擾抑制的功率倒置算法,對功率倒置算法的一些基本參數(shù)進行推導(dǎo)和仿真研究,為實際中不同信號強度選擇相應(yīng)的參數(shù)提供指導(dǎo)。一般的空域自適應(yīng)濾波處理結(jié)構(gòu)在信號帶寬增大以后,處理的性能會急劇下降,而實際中遇到的干擾信號的帶寬通常較大,對此常用的方法是增加時間延遲抽頭線,這樣既簡單,又能夠得到很好的干擾抑制效果。但是通過時間延遲抽頭來提升寬帶干擾抑制性能是有條件的,本文利用干擾轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù)對此進行了詳細的闡述說明以及仿真驗證,表明了在抽頭間距滿足一定條件的情況下,增加抽頭個數(shù)可以使得導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)對寬帶干擾的抑制能力與窄帶干擾抑制能力相當(dāng)。再者,無論何種導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),都包含了數(shù)十顆衛(wèi)星,以北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)為例,其二代系數(shù)建成后衛(wèi)星數(shù)為32顆,但是經(jīng)過干擾抑制后只要能保證有4顆以上衛(wèi)星的信號被準(zhǔn)確接收,就能夠有效的進行定位和導(dǎo)航。然而干擾信號數(shù)目通常在3個以內(nèi),這樣再依靠自適應(yīng)干擾抑制處理的輸出信號干擾噪聲比(SINR)大小的準(zhǔn)則來判斷陣列性能的好壞不是十分有用,故引入干擾增益,再結(jié)合功率倒置結(jié)構(gòu)以及時間抽頭延遲線模型,仿真觀測各項參數(shù)對干擾抑制效果的影響,得到不同干擾環(huán)境下的最差干擾抑制能力,為實際的北斗導(dǎo)航抗干擾系統(tǒng)性能提升提供依據(jù)。最后由于實際中導(dǎo)航抗干擾系統(tǒng)的通道非理想因素導(dǎo)致陣列性能的下降,針對這一非理想因素,對陣列通道進行寬帶的通道均衡。通過實際測量的數(shù)據(jù)進行仿真,并將均衡器運用于實際的北斗導(dǎo)航抗干擾系統(tǒng)中,能夠有效的改善因為通道之間的差異導(dǎo)致陣列對干擾抑制效果的下降,實測數(shù)據(jù)表明通道的均衡對導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)抗寬帶干擾的性能提升有明顯作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of satellite navigation technology, the use of cutting-edge weapons in various countries to navigation systems, as well as the continuous improvement of interference equipment in other countries to their own navigation systems, it is urgent to improve the performance of navigation anti-interference systems. From this point of view, in view of the fact that most of the interference signals are broadband signals, starting with the basic principle of interference suppression, the effects of some common parameters on the performance of interference suppression are studied in this paper. Firstly, the satellite navigation signal is a spread spectrum coded signal, and the satellite signal power is weaker than the noise signal power, and the incoming orientation of the interference signal can not be predicted in the actual environment. Therefore, the power inversion algorithm, which is often used for satellite signal interference suppression, is introduced to deduce and simulate some basic parameters of the power inversion algorithm, which provides guidance for the selection of corresponding parameters for different signal strengths in practice. When the signal bandwidth of the general spatial adaptive filtering processing structure increases, the processing performance will decline sharply, but the bandwidth of the interference signal encountered in practice is usually larger. The common method is to increase the time delay tap line. This is not only simple, but also can get a good interference suppression effect. However, it is conditional to improve the performance of broadband interference suppression by time delay tap. In this paper, the interference conversion function is used to explain it in detail and the simulation results show that when the tap spacing meets certain conditions, By increasing the number of taps, the suppression ability of navigation system to broadband interference is similar to that of narrowband interference suppression. In addition, no matter what kind of navigation system, there are dozens of satellites, take Beidou navigation system as an example, after the completion of the second generation coefficient, the number of satellites is 32, but after interference suppression, as long as the signals of more than four satellites can be accurately received. It can effectively locate and navigate. However, the number of interference signals is usually less than three, so it is not very useful to judge the performance of the array by relying on the criterion that the interference noise of the output signal processed by adaptive interference suppression is larger than (SINR), so the interference gain is introduced. Combined with the power inversion structure and the time tap delay line model, the influence of various parameters on the interference suppression effect is simulated and observed, and the worst interference suppression ability in different interference environments is obtained. It provides the basis for the performance improvement of the actual Beidou navigation anti-interference system. Finally, because the channel non-ideal factor of navigation anti-interference system leads to the degradation of array performance, aiming at this non-ideal factor, the broadband channel equilibrium of array channel is carried out. Through the simulation of the actual measured data, and the equalizer is applied to the actual Beidou navigation anti-interference system, it can effectively improve the interference suppression effect of the array due to the difference between the channels. The measured data show that the channel equilibrium plays an important role in improving the performance of navigation system against broadband interference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN967.1

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