【摘要】：現(xiàn)代科技戰(zhàn)爭中,采用協(xié)同探測系統(tǒng)是應(yīng)對低截獲目標(biāo)的有效手段。通過在不同維度上采用空間分集、頻率分集等技術(shù)可以有效的克服基于后向散射特性的隱身目標(biāo)探測難的問題。現(xiàn)階段采用協(xié)同探測系統(tǒng)檢測與跟蹤目標(biāo)仍停留在理論探索階段,如何在實際應(yīng)用中實現(xiàn)該技術(shù)仍是一個難題。在理論研究階段,很多學(xué)者對協(xié)同探測系統(tǒng)信號級聯(lián)合檢測技術(shù)做了大量研究,然而這些研究大多建立多站點雷達(dá)的各通道檢測單元已經(jīng)理想配準(zhǔn)的假設(shè)之上。這個假設(shè)在實際應(yīng)用中往往是不成立的。另外,協(xié)同探測系統(tǒng)的檢測算法初步檢測產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果往往由于多通道波束交疊產(chǎn)生很多虛假目標(biāo)。在實際的工程應(yīng)用中,需要對大型區(qū)域進行監(jiān)視,考慮計算量因素,只能對空間進行粗略的柵格劃分。出現(xiàn)目標(biāo)后,則希望根據(jù)目標(biāo)信息通過細(xì)粒度的柵格劃分提高檢測和跟蹤精度。這種情況下如何實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)跟蹤、劃定監(jiān)視區(qū)域、確定柵格寬度都是需要解決的實際問題。本文針對以上問題,提出了一套包含信號預(yù)處理、目標(biāo)檢測、位置估計、目標(biāo)跟蹤的基于空間柵格劃分的協(xié)同探測系統(tǒng)檢測算法,具體如下:(1)針對協(xié)同探測系統(tǒng)多通道聯(lián)合檢測空時失配的問題,提出了基于數(shù)據(jù)對齊的檢測單元配準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)則。該準(zhǔn)則在空間柵格寬度較小的場景中檢測與位置估計精度均較高,計算量較小。(2)針對基于數(shù)據(jù)對齊的檢測單元配準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)則在空間柵格寬度較大的場景檢測與位置估計性能下降的問題,提出了基于極值搜索的檢測單元配準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)則。該準(zhǔn)則檢測性能隨柵格寬度增加導(dǎo)致的衰減極小,在柵格寬度較大場景中位置估計精度優(yōu)于數(shù)據(jù)對齊準(zhǔn)則。(3)針對多個通道檢測單元重疊產(chǎn)生虛假目標(biāo)的問題,研究了基于邏輯判決的虛假目標(biāo)消除算法和基于Clean的虛假目標(biāo)凝聚技術(shù)。在柵格寬度不遠(yuǎn)大于距離單元的情況下,兩個方法的聯(lián)合使用能夠有效消除虛假目標(biāo)。(4)針對大型監(jiān)視區(qū)域難以通過離線空間柵格進行檢測跟蹤的問題,提出了基于動態(tài)空間柵格劃分的目標(biāo)檢測跟蹤算法。該方法在保持跟蹤精度不變的條件下,降低了計算量。文中提出的計算方法都通過仿真進行了驗證,證明了基于空間柵格劃分的協(xié)同探測系統(tǒng)檢測算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:In modern science and technology war, cooperative detection system is an effective means to deal with low intercepted targets. By using spatial diversity in different dimensions, frequency diversity and other techniques can effectively overcome the problem of stealth target detection based on backward scattering characteristics. At present, the detection and tracking of targets by collaborative detection system is still in the stage of theoretical exploration, and how to realize this technology in practical application is still a difficult problem. In the theoretical research stage, many scholars have done a lot of research on the signal level joint detection technology of collaborative detection system. However, most of these studies have established the assumption that each channel detection unit of multi-station radar has been ideal registration. This assumption is often untenable in practical application. In addition, the preliminary detection results of cooperative detection system often produce a lot of false targets due to the overlap of multi-channel beams. In practical engineering applications, it is necessary to monitor large areas, and only rough grid division of space can be carried out considering the calculation factor. After the target appears, it is hoped that the detection and tracking accuracy can be improved by fine-granularity raster partition according to the target information. In this case, how to achieve target tracking, delineate monitoring area and determine grid width are practical problems to be solved. In order to solve the above problems, a set of cooperative detection system detection algorithm based on spatial grid partition is proposed, which includes signal preprocessing, target detection, position estimation and target tracking. The details are as follows: (1) aiming at the problem of space-time mismatch in multi-channel joint detection of collaborative detection system, a registration criterion of detection unit based on data alignment is proposed. The detection and position estimation accuracy of this criterion is higher in the scene with small spatial grid width. The computation is small. (2) aiming at the problem that the detection unit registration criterion based on data alignment degrades the performance of detection and position estimation in the scene with large spatial grid width, a detection unit registration criterion based on extreme value search is proposed. The attenuation caused by the increase of grid width is very small, and the accuracy of position estimation is better than that of data alignment criterion in the scene with large grid width. (3) aiming at the problem of false targets caused by the overlap of multiple channel detection units, The false target elimination algorithm based on logical decision and the false target condensation technology based on Clean are studied. When the width of the grid is not much larger than the distance unit, the combined use of the two methods can effectively eliminate the false target. (4) aiming at the problem that it is difficult to detect and track the large monitoring area through the offline space grid, A target detection and tracking algorithm based on dynamic spatial grid partition is proposed. This method reduces the amount of computation while keeping the tracking accuracy unchanged. The calculation methods proposed in this paper are verified by simulation, and the effectiveness of the detection algorithm based on spatial grid partition is proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN957.51

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