【摘要】：天線作為無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)和無線設(shè)備中將導(dǎo)行波轉(zhuǎn)化成電磁波傳播的核心部件,在無線通信中起著十分重要的作用,而介質(zhì)諧振天線(DRA)作為一種新型天線在近些年的到了廣泛的研究。介質(zhì)諧振器具有獨(dú)特的三維結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)多樣;且介質(zhì)諧振器沒有導(dǎo)體損耗,輻射效率較高,十分適用于毫米波段;此外,DRA還有饋電方式靈活,易于集成等優(yōu)勢,由此可見對研究DRA對天線領(lǐng)域有著重大的意義。由于應(yīng)用需求,天線的寬帶技術(shù)在通信界及產(chǎn)業(yè)界一直備受重視,介質(zhì)諧振天線具有其靈活的寬帶技術(shù),寬帶介質(zhì)諧振天線的應(yīng)用前景不容忽視。本文對寬帶介質(zhì)諧振天線展開了研究,具體工作包括:1、對近年來各種寬帶介質(zhì)諧振天線進(jìn)行舉例說明,對介質(zhì)諧振器的帶寬展寬技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究并分類總結(jié),介質(zhì)諧振器的寬帶技術(shù)大致可以分為以下幾個(gè):采用新型結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)化饋電機(jī)制、使用混合天線、降低天線Q值、增加天線寄生單元。對基本結(jié)構(gòu)的介質(zhì)諧振器場分布及主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行介紹,對介質(zhì)諧振天線饋電方式進(jìn)行分類總結(jié)。2、設(shè)計(jì)了一種混合結(jié)構(gòu)寬帶介質(zhì)諧振天線,該天線為微帶貼片天線加載矩形介質(zhì)諧振器做為介質(zhì)諧振天線,設(shè)計(jì)一定尺寸的介質(zhì)諧振器,使之諧振頻率在微帶天線頻率附近,從而達(dá)到展寬帶寬的效果,天線采用微帶線饋電。經(jīng)過優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),該天線獲得88.27%的相對帶寬,頻率覆蓋1.31-3.38GHz。并且對所設(shè)計(jì)天線進(jìn)行了加工測試,測試結(jié)果顯示天線增益最大可達(dá)到10.93dB,輻射效率最大達(dá)到89.24%。3、設(shè)計(jì)了一種毫米波段寬帶介質(zhì)諧振天線,設(shè)計(jì)合適的天線尺寸和選用合適的相對介電常數(shù)材料,使天線的諧振頻率在毫米波段,介質(zhì)諧振器為半圓環(huán)拱橋形結(jié)構(gòu),采用鏤空的結(jié)構(gòu)是為了在介質(zhì)諧振器與介質(zhì)基板之間引入空氣層,從而降低天線的Q值,進(jìn)而展寬帶寬。所設(shè)計(jì)的天線具有優(yōu)秀的帶寬特性,天線的帶寬覆31.2-64.4GHz,具有33.2Ghz的回波損耗帶寬,相對帶寬為69.46%,天線的諧振頻率點(diǎn)在36.8GHz,在整個(gè)工作頻段內(nèi)的天線平均增益在6dB左右,平均輻射效率在76%左右。4、設(shè)計(jì)了一款新型貼片饋電的新型結(jié)構(gòu)寬帶介質(zhì)諧振天線,選用T形形狀的介質(zhì)諧振器作為輻射腔體,天線的頻率特性由天線的結(jié)構(gòu)、尺寸、相對介電常數(shù)決定,貼片刻蝕在介質(zhì)諧振器表面,為倒階梯型結(jié)構(gòu),該貼片作為饋電,經(jīng)過驗(yàn)證具有展寬帶寬的作用。對天線進(jìn)行加工測試,測試結(jié)果顯示,天線的實(shí)際工作頻率為3.09-7.68Ghz,具有85.23%的相對帶寬,且在工作頻段內(nèi)天線增益均大于4dB左右,天線具有良好的方向性,在5GHz有最高10.04dB的增益,96.5%的輻射效率,天線的各項(xiàng)性能良好。
[Abstract]:Antenna, as the core component of converting guided wave into electromagnetic wave propagation in wireless network and wireless equipment, plays a very important role in wireless communication. As a new type of antenna, dielectric resonant antenna (DRA) has been widely studied in recent years. The dielectric resonator has a unique three-dimensional structure and a variety of design structures, and the dielectric resonator has no conductor loss and high radiation efficiency, so it is very suitable for millimeter band. In addition, DRA has the advantages of flexible feed mode and easy integration, which shows that it is of great significance to the study of DRA in the field of antenna. Due to the application demand, the broadband technology of antenna has been paid more and more attention in the field of communication and industry. Dielectric resonant antenna has its flexible broadband technology, and the application prospect of broadband dielectric resonant antenna can not be ignored. In this paper, the broadband dielectric resonant antenna is studied, including: 1, various broadband dielectric resonant antennas are illustrated by examples in recent years, and the bandwidth broadening technology of dielectric resonator is studied and classified. The broadband technology of dielectric resonator can be divided into the following: adopting new structure, optimizing feed mechanism, using hybrid antenna, reducing antenna Q value and increasing antenna parasitic unit. The field distribution and main parameters of the dielectric resonator with basic structure are introduced, and the feed modes of the dielectric resonant antenna are classified and summarized. 2, a hybrid structure broadband dielectric resonant antenna is designed. The antenna is loaded with rectangular dielectric resonator for microstrip patch antenna as dielectric resonant antenna, and a dielectric resonator of a certain size is designed so that the resonant frequency is near the frequency of microstrip antenna, so as to achieve the effect of broadening bandwidth. The antenna is fed by a microstrip line. After optimization design, the relative bandwidth of the antenna is 88.27%, and the frequency coverage is 1.31 鈮，

本文編號：2474207