面向5G的M2M通信中能效優(yōu)先的無線資源管理的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-24 03:15
【摘要】：當(dāng)今越來越多的機(jī)器對機(jī)器(Machine to Machine,M2M)通信開始逐漸取代人對人通信(Human to Human,H2H)為主的通信方式。爆發(fā)式增長的機(jī)器類通信終端(Machine Type Communication Device,MTCD)加劇了昂貴的授權(quán)頻譜資源的擁擠狀況,因此探求非授權(quán)頻段的使用是有效緩解頻譜資源緊張的重要手段之一。另外,大量H2H與M2M共存的通信場景勢必造成巨大能耗,為倡導(dǎo)綠色通信理念,優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量效率對可持續(xù)發(fā)展是非常有益的一項(xiàng)措施。本文針對部署于5GHz非授權(quán)頻段的可接入兩種網(wǎng)絡(luò)的MTCD主要做了以下三方面的研究,包括非授權(quán)頻段LTE-U(LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum)與Wi-Fi異系統(tǒng)共存的可行性研究,M2M通信場景中網(wǎng)絡(luò)總能量效率最大化的無線資源分配的研究,以及適用于M2M通信場景中單個(gè)用戶的非連續(xù)接收(Discontinuous Reception,DRX)節(jié)能機(jī)制的研究。主要內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下:首先,對將LTE-U部署到5GHz非授權(quán)頻段與Wi-Fi共存進(jìn)行了簡要說明,分別闡述兩種無線通信技術(shù)之間的差異,并概述兩種主要的異系統(tǒng)共存機(jī)制。用大量實(shí)際測試數(shù)據(jù)有效驗(yàn)證了 LTE-U相比于Wi-Fi技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢,充分說明了 LTE-U部署到非授權(quán)頻段的優(yōu)勢。另外,對于異系統(tǒng)間共存機(jī)制,本文給出了在Duty Cycle方法下的實(shí)際測試數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果表明兩系統(tǒng)在有效的共存機(jī)制下可以做到公平友好共存,且同站址的LTE-U與Wi-Fi分別與另外一 Wi-Fi共存時(shí),異系統(tǒng)間共存的性能比Wi-Fi同系統(tǒng)共存的性能還要好。其次,由于LTE-U與Wi-Fi共存的5GHz非授權(quán)頻段頻譜資源豐富,十分適合部署終端數(shù)目眾多的機(jī)器類通信設(shè)備,因此本文考慮將M2M通信部署至無線資源更為豐富且成本更低的非授權(quán)頻段。因此本文在Duty Cycle的異系統(tǒng)間共存機(jī)制下,以最大化系統(tǒng)能量效率為目標(biāo),建立起合理的數(shù)學(xué)模型;另外結(jié)合M2M通信設(shè)備種類眾多、QoS需求眾多以及對時(shí)延不敏感等特點(diǎn),以單個(gè)用戶最大時(shí)延和最小速率作為限制條件,采用兩層迭代算法求得合理的最優(yōu)頻率和功率分配方案,使得總體網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量效率最優(yōu)。最后,本文從終端節(jié)能的角度對單個(gè)MTCD的運(yùn)行機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究。針對MTCD接入網(wǎng)絡(luò)的周期固定、對時(shí)延容忍度高的特點(diǎn),將LTE中的DRX機(jī)制進(jìn)行適當(dāng)改進(jìn)。通過設(shè)置多個(gè)DRX周期時(shí)長分組,從而最大限度適配多種類的MTCD。通過設(shè)置"返回標(biāo)識(shí)"對MTCD進(jìn)行分組;另外采用空閑態(tài)DRX機(jī)制最大程度降低設(shè)備能耗,使之在機(jī)器類通信場景中有更好的節(jié)能效果,最后通過Matlab仿真驗(yàn)證了理論研究的正確性。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more machine-to-machine (Machine to Machine,M2M (machine-to-machine communication) is gradually replacing the human-to-human communication (Human to Human,H2H). Explosive growth of machine-like communication terminals (Machine Type Communication Device,MTCD) aggravates the congestion of expensive authorized spectrum resources, so exploring the use of non-authorized frequency bands is one of the important means to effectively alleviate the shortage of spectrum resources. In addition, a large number of communication scenarios where H2H and M2M co-exist are bound to cause huge energy consumption. In order to advocate the concept of green communication, optimizing the energy efficiency of the network is a very beneficial measure for sustainable development. In this paper, we focus on the following three aspects of the MTCD deployed in the 5GHz unauthorized frequency band, including the feasibility study of the coexistence of LTE-U (LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum) and Wi-Fi systems in the unauthorized frequency band. The research of wireless resource allocation for maximizing the total energy efficiency of the network in M2m communication scenario, and the research on the energy saving mechanism of discontinuous reception (Discontinuous Reception,DRX) suitable for individual users in M2m communication scenario. The main contents and innovations are as follows: firstly, the coexistence of LTE-U in 5GHz unauthorized frequency band and Wi-Fi is briefly described, the differences between the two wireless communication technologies are described, and the two main different systems coexistence mechanisms are summarized. The advantages of LTE-U over Wi-Fi technology are verified by a large amount of actual test data, and the advantages of LTE-U deployment to unauthorized frequency band are fully illustrated. In addition, for the co-existence mechanism between different systems, the actual test data under the Duty Cycle method is given in this paper. The results show that the two systems can coexist fairly and amicably under the effective co-existence mechanism, and when the co-located LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist with another Wi-Fi respectively, the performance of the coexistence between different systems is better than that of Wi-Fi and the system. Secondly, due to the rich spectrum resources of the non-authorized frequency band of 5GHz, where LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist, it is very suitable to deploy a large number of machine-like communication devices with a large number of terminals. Therefore, this paper considers the deployment of M2M communication to the unauthorized band with more abundant wireless resources and lower cost. Therefore, under the co-existence mechanism of different systems of Duty Cycle, a reasonable mathematical model is established in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. In addition, considering the characteristics of M2M communication equipment, such as many kinds of communication equipment, numerous requirements of QoS and insensitivity to delay, taking the maximum delay and minimum rate of a single user as constraints, a two-layer iterative algorithm is used to obtain a reasonable optimal frequency and power allocation scheme. The overall network energy efficiency is optimized. Finally, this paper studies the operation mechanism of a single MTCD from the perspective of terminal energy saving. In view of the fixed period of MTCD access network and the high tolerance of time delay, the DRX mechanism in LTE is improved appropriately. Maximize adaptation to multiple types of DRX by setting multiple MTCD. cycle length grouping The MTCD is grouped by setting the "return mark", and the free state DRX mechanism is used to reduce the equipment energy consumption to a maximum extent, so that it has a better energy saving effect in the machine communication scene. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical research is verified by Matlab simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5
本文編號(hào)：2464058
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more machine-to-machine (Machine to Machine,M2M (machine-to-machine communication) is gradually replacing the human-to-human communication (Human to Human,H2H). Explosive growth of machine-like communication terminals (Machine Type Communication Device,MTCD) aggravates the congestion of expensive authorized spectrum resources, so exploring the use of non-authorized frequency bands is one of the important means to effectively alleviate the shortage of spectrum resources. In addition, a large number of communication scenarios where H2H and M2M co-exist are bound to cause huge energy consumption. In order to advocate the concept of green communication, optimizing the energy efficiency of the network is a very beneficial measure for sustainable development. In this paper, we focus on the following three aspects of the MTCD deployed in the 5GHz unauthorized frequency band, including the feasibility study of the coexistence of LTE-U (LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum) and Wi-Fi systems in the unauthorized frequency band. The research of wireless resource allocation for maximizing the total energy efficiency of the network in M2m communication scenario, and the research on the energy saving mechanism of discontinuous reception (Discontinuous Reception,DRX) suitable for individual users in M2m communication scenario. The main contents and innovations are as follows: firstly, the coexistence of LTE-U in 5GHz unauthorized frequency band and Wi-Fi is briefly described, the differences between the two wireless communication technologies are described, and the two main different systems coexistence mechanisms are summarized. The advantages of LTE-U over Wi-Fi technology are verified by a large amount of actual test data, and the advantages of LTE-U deployment to unauthorized frequency band are fully illustrated. In addition, for the co-existence mechanism between different systems, the actual test data under the Duty Cycle method is given in this paper. The results show that the two systems can coexist fairly and amicably under the effective co-existence mechanism, and when the co-located LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist with another Wi-Fi respectively, the performance of the coexistence between different systems is better than that of Wi-Fi and the system. Secondly, due to the rich spectrum resources of the non-authorized frequency band of 5GHz, where LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist, it is very suitable to deploy a large number of machine-like communication devices with a large number of terminals. Therefore, this paper considers the deployment of M2M communication to the unauthorized band with more abundant wireless resources and lower cost. Therefore, under the co-existence mechanism of different systems of Duty Cycle, a reasonable mathematical model is established in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. In addition, considering the characteristics of M2M communication equipment, such as many kinds of communication equipment, numerous requirements of QoS and insensitivity to delay, taking the maximum delay and minimum rate of a single user as constraints, a two-layer iterative algorithm is used to obtain a reasonable optimal frequency and power allocation scheme. The overall network energy efficiency is optimized. Finally, this paper studies the operation mechanism of a single MTCD from the perspective of terminal energy saving. In view of the fixed period of MTCD access network and the high tolerance of time delay, the DRX mechanism in LTE is improved appropriately. Maximize adaptation to multiple types of DRX by setting multiple MTCD. cycle length grouping The MTCD is grouped by setting the "return mark", and the free state DRX mechanism is used to reduce the equipment energy consumption to a maximum extent, so that it has a better energy saving effect in the machine communication scene. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical research is verified by Matlab simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5
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