發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-24 08:12

【摘要】：經(jīng)歷過(guò)幾次階段性跨越發(fā)展之后,今天的無(wú)線通信技術(shù)已經(jīng)被廣泛用于我們平時(shí)的日常生活之中。而短距離無(wú)線通信技術(shù),作為其重要的一支,也得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。從常見(jiàn)的紅外通信、藍(lán)牙通信和WiFi到超寬帶通信技術(shù)以及Zigbee,雖然種類多樣,但是對(duì)“短距離、微功率、且有一定穿墻能力的低成本無(wú)線通信”這一需求來(lái)說(shuō),上述幾種方法都不能很好的滿足。針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題,本文設(shè)計(jì)并開(kāi)發(fā)了基于433MHz的短距離微功率無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)終端。首先,本文對(duì)該系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景做了簡(jiǎn)單介紹,并給出了較為全面的需求分析。經(jīng)過(guò)多種方案的比較之后,根據(jù)本項(xiàng)目的整體需求,選擇了瑞薩公司的RL78系列G13族芯片作為嵌入式平臺(tái),并據(jù)此提出了微功率無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)終端的總體方案。硬件上圍繞主控芯片R5F100FE和射頻芯片Si4432進(jìn)行了功能模塊的劃分以及各模塊的電路原理圖的設(shè)計(jì)。隨后根據(jù)各模塊的原理圖,進(jìn)行了符合PCB設(shè)計(jì)流程及規(guī)范的印刷電路板設(shè)計(jì)工作,完成了元器件布局和布線。其次,本文介紹了如何搭建軟件編寫環(huán)境和硬件測(cè)試環(huán)境,同時(shí)對(duì)微功率無(wú)線通信終端的基礎(chǔ)軟件系統(tǒng)需求進(jìn)行了分析,總結(jié)出需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能,并根據(jù)該功能需求設(shè)計(jì)了無(wú)線通信終端主從機(jī)各自的狀態(tài)機(jī)制,給出了各自的狀態(tài)圖。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)微功率的指標(biāo),系統(tǒng)的主程序采用了一種“中斷檢測(cè)處理”的設(shè)計(jì)思路,這樣可嵌入式微控制器大部分時(shí)間處于低功耗的休眠狀態(tài),當(dāng)有需要處理的任務(wù)出現(xiàn)時(shí)再進(jìn)行處理。無(wú)線通信部分的系統(tǒng)軟件,嚴(yán)格定義了通信包和無(wú)線通信收發(fā)的流程。此外還設(shè)計(jì)了主機(jī)無(wú)線空中喚醒休眠從機(jī)的流程,并給出了嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膯拘巡僮鲿r(shí)序圖,從而解決了無(wú)線通信模塊微功率的實(shí)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。然后,對(duì)微功率無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)終端的實(shí)物進(jìn)行了各種測(cè)試,其中包含系統(tǒng)功能測(cè)試和性能可靠性測(cè)試。經(jīng)過(guò)不斷的反復(fù)的測(cè)試表明,本文設(shè)計(jì)與開(kāi)發(fā)的微功率無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于433MHz的短距離無(wú)線通信,并且有一定的穿墻通信能力。此外還同時(shí)完美實(shí)現(xiàn)了微功率指標(biāo)。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,滿足了小范圍內(nèi)短距離無(wú)線通信組網(wǎng)的需求。最后,對(duì)該微功率無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)終端在醫(yī)療陪護(hù)方面的實(shí)際應(yīng)用做了相關(guān)探討與設(shè)計(jì),根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)目前的醫(yī)療陪護(hù)通信需求做了對(duì)系統(tǒng)軟件深入優(yōu)化,并給出了小型組網(wǎng)的簡(jiǎn)單協(xié)議。
[Abstract]:After several stages of development, today's wireless communication technology has been widely used in our daily life. Short-range wireless communication technology, as an important branch, has also been greatly developed. From common infrared communications, Bluetooth communications and WiFi to ultra-wideband (UWB) communication technologies, and Zigbee, though diverse, is required for "low-cost wireless communications with short distances, micro-power, and a certain ability to penetrate the wall." None of the above methods can be satisfied very well. To solve this problem, this paper designs and develops a short-range micro-power wireless communication system terminal based on 433MHz. First of all, this paper introduces the application of the system, and gives a more comprehensive requirements analysis. After the comparison of various schemes, according to the overall requirements of the project, Risa RL78 series G13 family chips are selected as embedded platform, and the overall scheme of micro-power wireless communication system terminal is put forward. In hardware, the main control chip R5F100FE and RF chip Si4432 are divided into functional modules and the circuit schematic of each module is designed. Then, according to the schematic diagram of each module, the design work of printed circuit board conforming to PCB design flow and specification is carried out, and the layout and wiring of components are completed. Secondly, this paper introduces how to build the software programming environment and hardware test environment, and analyzes the basic software system requirements of the micro-power wireless communication terminal, and summarizes the functions to be realized. According to the function requirement, the state mechanism of the master-slave of wireless communication terminal is designed, and their state diagrams are given. In order to realize the index of micro-power, the main program of the system adopts a design idea of "interrupt detection processing", so that the embedded microcontroller can spend most of the time in low-power sleep state. Processing occurs when tasks need to be processed. Wireless communication part of the system software, strictly defined the communication packet and wireless communication transceiver flow. In addition, the flow chart of the host wireless air wake-up sleep slave is designed, and the precise sequence diagram of the wake-up operation is given, which solves the problem of the realization of the wireless communication module micro-power. Then, various kinds of tests are carried out on the terminal of micro-power wireless communication system, including system function test and performance reliability test. After repeated tests, the micro-power wireless communication system designed and developed in this paper has realized the short-range wireless communication based on 433MHz, and has a certain ability to communicate through the wall. In addition, the micro-power index is also realized perfectly at the same time. The whole system runs stably and meets the demand of short-range wireless communication networking in a small range. Finally, the paper discusses and designs the practical application of the terminal of the micro-power wireless communication system in the field of medical escort, and optimizes the system software according to the requirement of medical escort communication in China. A simple protocol for small scale networking is also given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN92
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本文編號(hào)：2352930