【摘要】：星載SAR作為當(dāng)前最為主要的雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)之一,其在軍事應(yīng)用中一直具有重要的戰(zhàn)略意義,因此星載SAR對(duì)抗技術(shù)研究具有重要應(yīng)用價(jià)值。壓制式干擾及抗干擾是星載SAR對(duì)抗研究中重要組成部分,并且關(guān)于該干擾方式的研究時(shí)間較早,因此壓制式干擾理論相對(duì)比較成熟,但由于技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步,傳統(tǒng)關(guān)于壓制式干擾的一些觀點(diǎn)變得不再適用。本文在國(guó)家863前期項(xiàng)目的支持下,對(duì)壓制式干擾對(duì)抗技術(shù)進(jìn)行了以下研究:本論文在干擾對(duì)抗研究開(kāi)始之前分析了當(dāng)前星載SAR對(duì)抗研究現(xiàn)狀及其理論研究成果,為研究星載SAR壓制式干擾與抗干擾技術(shù)提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。首先,本文研究了目前星載SAR干擾對(duì)抗的需求,梳理了當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外壓制式干擾技術(shù)的主要研究成果,分析了壓制式干擾存在的問(wèn)題和難點(diǎn)。從星載SAR回波模型及成像技術(shù)角度著手,對(duì)壓制式干擾理論進(jìn)行了新的研究,其一從功率上論證了星載SAR干擾的可行性,對(duì)早期關(guān)于壓制式干擾的觀點(diǎn)與認(rèn)識(shí)進(jìn)行修正;其二,基于干信比需求分析,對(duì)星載SAR壓制式干擾干信比提出更低要求,并通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了觀點(diǎn)正確性。然后,研究了基于成像前和成像后的抗壓制式干擾的方法。成像前抗干擾主要是利用干擾信號(hào)與回波信號(hào)在時(shí)域以及頻域上的差異性來(lái)進(jìn)行干擾抑制,方法有:對(duì)于高頻脈沖干擾,根據(jù)其被干擾信號(hào)段幅度與未被干擾信號(hào)段幅度不同而進(jìn)行干擾抑制;對(duì)于相參壓制式干擾,利用多通道對(duì)消方式,根據(jù)干擾機(jī)到多個(gè)天線接收機(jī)距離不同而產(chǎn)生相位差,從而彌補(bǔ)相位差實(shí)現(xiàn)干擾對(duì)消;其次簡(jiǎn)單的描述了系統(tǒng)層面的抗干擾手段,雙基SAR來(lái)規(guī)避干擾信號(hào)進(jìn)入接收機(jī)。此外還通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了,對(duì)于連續(xù)波噪聲壓制干擾,由于其在各個(gè)變換域與目標(biāo)信號(hào)重合較多,其干擾抑制難度大,待研究新的抗干擾方法。成像后抗干擾方法主要是研究了基于圖像域的抗壓制式干擾方法。由于壓制式干擾信號(hào)與目標(biāo)回波信號(hào)在圖像域存在統(tǒng)計(jì)特性差異,因此可采用獨(dú)立分量分析的方法和基于峭度準(zhǔn)則將兩者分離開(kāi),實(shí)現(xiàn)干擾抑制。最后通過(guò)最小均方誤差和干信比評(píng)估準(zhǔn)則,對(duì)ICA處理后SAR圖像與常規(guī)濾波方法結(jié)果作對(duì)比,得出ICA方法在圖像域?qū)Ω蓴_的抑制具有更好效果的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important radar system platforms, spaceborne SAR has always been of strategic significance in military applications, so the study of spaceborne SAR countermeasures has important application value. Suppression jamming and anti-jamming are important parts of spaceborne SAR countermeasure research, and the research time of the jamming mode is earlier, so the theory of suppression jamming is relatively mature, but due to the continuous progress of technology, Some of the traditional ideas about repressive interference are no longer applicable. With the support of the National 863 Prophase Project, this paper makes the following research on the suppression jamming countermeasure technology: this paper analyzes the current research status and theoretical results of spaceborne SAR countermeasures before the study of jamming countermeasures begins. It provides a theoretical basis for studying the suppression jamming and anti-jamming technology of spaceborne SAR. Firstly, this paper studies the demand of spaceborne SAR jamming countermeasures, combs the main research achievements of suppression jamming technology at home and abroad, and analyzes the existing problems and difficulties of suppression jamming. From the angle of spaceborne SAR echo model and imaging technology, a new research on suppression jamming theory is carried out. Firstly, the feasibility of spaceborne SAR jamming is demonstrated from power point of view. Secondly, based on the requirement analysis of dry signal ratio, a lower requirement is put forward for spaceborne SAR suppression jamming dry signal ratio, and the correctness of the viewpoint is verified by simulation experiments. Then, the method of anti-compression interference based on pre-imaging and post-imaging is studied. The anti-jamming before imaging mainly uses the difference between the interference signal and the echo signal in the time domain and frequency domain to suppress the interference. The methods are as follows: for the high-frequency pulse interference, The interference suppression is carried out according to the difference between the amplitude of the disturbed signal segment and that of the undisturbed signal segment. For coherent suppression interference, the phase difference is produced according to the different distance between the jammer and the antenna receiver by using the multi-channel cancellation mode, which makes up the phase difference to realize the interference cancellation. Secondly, it simply describes the system level of anti-jamming means, bistatic SAR to avoid interference signal into the receiver. In addition, the simulation results show that for the continuous wave noise suppression interference, it is difficult to suppress the interference because it overlaps with the target signal in each transform domain, so a new anti-jamming method is needed to be studied. The main method of anti-jamming after imaging is to study the anti-compression jamming method based on image domain. Because there are statistical differences between the suppression jamming signal and the target echo signal in the image domain, the independent component analysis (ICA) method and the kurtosis criterion can be used to separate the two signals to achieve interference suppression. Finally, through the minimum mean square error and dry signal ratio evaluation criterion, the results of SAR image after ICA processing are compared with the results of conventional filtering method, and the conclusion that ICA method has better effect on the suppression of interference in image domain is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN974

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