【摘要】：壓力是個(gè)體在增加了生理、心理、情感和行為要求后使得機(jī)體處于不平衡的一種狀態(tài)。壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致強(qiáng)的生理喚醒,其顯著生理反應(yīng)是交感神經(jīng)的激活,以及副交感神經(jīng)的失活,且與心臟活動(dòng)具有強(qiáng)關(guān)聯(lián)性。大量研究表明,壓力的長(zhǎng)期存在可能導(dǎo)致多種身體損害,如增加患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、影響心臟的自主神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)等。因此,對(duì)壓力狀態(tài)下生理反應(yīng)模式的研究是極具意義的。本文分別對(duì)心理誘因、生理誘因和混合誘因?qū)е碌膲毫顟B(tài)下,機(jī)體應(yīng)激反應(yīng)過(guò)程中的心跳生理模式進(jìn)行研究。(1)本文設(shè)計(jì)了三種不同壓力狀態(tài)下的心電信號(hào)采集方案。首先,通過(guò)無(wú)預(yù)期目標(biāo)的朗讀、模擬答辯和真實(shí)場(chǎng)景下的碩士學(xué)位答辯事件獲得心理壓力狀態(tài)下的生理反應(yīng)樣本。其次,通過(guò)放松靜坐、勻速緩慢跑步和快速上下樓梯任務(wù)獲得生理壓力狀態(tài)下的生理反應(yīng)樣本。最后,通過(guò)放松靜坐任務(wù)、真實(shí)場(chǎng)景下的有背景音樂(lè)超聲潔牙和無(wú)背景音樂(lè)的超聲潔牙事件獲得兩種壓力共存狀態(tài)下的生理反應(yīng)樣本。結(jié)合問(wèn)卷和被試回訪等多種方式確定數(shù)據(jù)的壓力程度標(biāo)簽,對(duì)不同壓力狀態(tài)分別構(gòu)建了“無(wú)到非常弱”、“弱到中等”和“中等偏強(qiáng)到強(qiáng)”不同壓力水平的生理反應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)集。(2)從統(tǒng)計(jì)意義上探討了不同誘因?qū)е碌膲毫顟B(tài)下生理參數(shù)的平均效果變化趨勢(shì)。使用t檢驗(yàn)和統(tǒng)計(jì)分布分析發(fā)現(xiàn),不同誘因下生理參數(shù)的變化不盡相同,但均在一定程度上揭示了與壓力有關(guān)的心臟自主神經(jīng)活動(dòng)。隨壓力程度增大,平均心跳間隔呈減小趨勢(shì),反映出心跳逐漸加快,壓力生理喚起程度變高;RR間期標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差、RR間期相鄰差的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差和RR間期相鄰差的均方根呈減小趨勢(shì),反映出壓力程度增加使得交感神經(jīng)激活、副交感神經(jīng)受到抑制。而非線性特征近似熵、遞歸定量參數(shù)中的遞歸熵和確定度呈增大趨勢(shì),反映出壓力增大的同時(shí)心臟活動(dòng)的不確定性和復(fù)雜性越強(qiáng),心臟起博有較高的適應(yīng)性。對(duì)比心理和生理壓力狀態(tài)下,隨壓力程度增大,具有顯著性差異的生理參數(shù)的平均變化效果發(fā)現(xiàn),心理誘因?qū)е碌膲毫顟B(tài)中,心臟活動(dòng)更為復(fù)雜且不確定性高。(3)進(jìn)一步從模式識(shí)別的角度探討了特定誘因、兩種不同誘因間、不考慮壓力誘因幾種情況下,不同程度壓力生理模式的可區(qū)分度,并使用后向選擇算法發(fā)現(xiàn)了依賴分類器的壓力生理模式的最簡(jiǎn)潔表達(dá)。通過(guò)分析發(fā)現(xiàn):不考慮壓力誘因的情況下,不同程度壓力的生理模式的區(qū)分效果較好;但如果同時(shí)考慮不同誘因和不同壓力程度的狀態(tài),壓力生理模式的區(qū)分效果較差。本文對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分別從統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和模式識(shí)別角度分析了壓力狀態(tài)下的心跳生理模式,結(jié)果表明生理參數(shù)在一定程度上能夠反映壓力自主神經(jīng)活動(dòng),且在不考慮誘因的情況下,不同壓力程度的生理模式極易區(qū)分,這對(duì)可穿戴設(shè)備實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)的壓力監(jiān)測(cè)具有重要現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Stress is a state in which the body is unbalanced after increasing its physiological, psychological, emotional and behavioral requirements. Stress can lead to a strong physiological arousal, the significant physiological response is sympathetic nerve activation, and parasympathetic inactivation, and has a strong correlation with cardiac activity. A large number of studies have shown that long-term stress may lead to a variety of physical damage, such as increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, affecting cardiac autonomic nerve conduction, and so on. Therefore, the study of physiological response mode under pressure is of great significance. In this paper, the physiological patterns of heartbeat in stress state caused by psychological inducement, physiological inducement and mixed inducement were studied. (1) three ECG signal acquisition schemes under different stress state were designed in this paper. First, the physiological response samples of psychological stress state were obtained by reading aloud without expected objectives, simulating the defense and the events of the Master's degree defense under the real scene. Secondly, physiological response samples were obtained under physiological stress by relaxing sit-ins, running slowly at constant speed and fast up and down stairs. Finally, by relaxing the sit-in task, the background music ultrasonic cleaning event and the background music ultrasonic cleaning event were used to obtain the physiological response samples under the coexistence of two pressures. Combining with the questionnaire and the participants' return visits and other ways to determine the pressure degree label of the data, the different stress states are respectively constructed "no to very weak". "weak to medium" and "medium strong to strong" physiological response data sets of different levels of stress. (2) the statistical significance of physiological parameters caused by different inducements under the average effect of changes in the trend. T test and statistical distribution analysis showed that the changes of physiological parameters were different under different inducements, but all revealed the autonomic nervous activity related to stress to some extent. With the increase of pressure, the mean heartbeat interval decreased, which indicated that the heartbeat increased gradually, the physiological arousal of stress became higher, the standard deviation of RR interval, the standard deviation of adjacent deviation of RR interval and the root mean square of adjacent deviation of RR interval decreased. The results showed that the increase of pressure resulted in the activation of sympathetic nerve and the inhibition of parasympathetic nerve. However, the approximate entropy of nonlinear characteristic, the recursive entropy and the certainty of recursive quantitative parameters tend to increase, which reflects that the higher the pressure is, the stronger the uncertainty and complexity of cardiac activity are, and the higher the adaptability of heart is. Compared with psychological and physiological stress state, with the increase of stress degree, the average change effect of physiological parameters with significant difference was found that psychological inducement caused by stress state, The heart activity is more complex and uncertain. (3) the specific inducement is further discussed from the perspective of pattern recognition. Under the condition of different inducement and no consideration of stress inducement, the degree of different degree of stress physiological pattern can be distinguished. A backward selection algorithm is used to find the most concise expression of the pressure-physiological pattern dependent on the classifier. It is found that the difference of physiological models with different degrees of stress is better when the stress inducement is not taken into account, but if different inducements and different stress levels are taken into account at the same time, the differentiation effect of stress physiological models is poor. In this paper, we analyze the physiological mode of heartbeat in stress state from the angle of statistical analysis and pattern recognition. The results show that physiological parameters can reflect autonomic nervous activity to some extent and do not consider the inducement. It is easy to distinguish the physiological models of different pressure levels, which has important practical significance for wearable devices to realize real-time pressure monitoring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R33;TN911.7

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本文編號(hào)：2288749