【摘要】：毫米波頻段為26.5GHz~300GHz,具有波長短的特點(diǎn),因此毫米波系統(tǒng)更容易小型化。毫米波技術(shù)是解決頻譜資源緊缺的一項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù),因此毫米波技術(shù)在通信、雷達(dá)等領(lǐng)域有重大的價(jià)值,尤其是在汽車防撞領(lǐng)域。盡管毫米波線性調(diào)頻連續(xù)波(Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave,FMCW)雷達(dá)具有廣闊的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值與前景,但是目前國內(nèi)毫米波雷達(dá)事業(yè)發(fā)展面臨著諸多問題,如產(chǎn)品成本高、難以推廣、技術(shù)封鎖等。本課題研究的毫米波線性調(diào)頻連續(xù)波體制雷達(dá)工作頻段為75.9GHz-76.5GHz,具有測(cè)量精度高、發(fā)射功率低、發(fā)射波形簡單等優(yōu)點(diǎn),除了可以應(yīng)用于汽車防撞領(lǐng)域外,也可用于安防、無人機(jī)探測(cè)等領(lǐng)域。本文依托E波段FMCW測(cè)角雷達(dá)項(xiàng)目,通過比較不同方案的優(yōu)劣勢(shì),結(jié)合各種頻率源方案的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)出覆蓋12.65GHz-12.75GHz的Ku波段線性調(diào)頻連續(xù)波頻率源。頻率源的結(jié)構(gòu)為鎖相環(huán)(Phase Locked Loop,PLL)環(huán)內(nèi)混頻加DDS環(huán)外混頻加DDS二次混頻。為了提高頻譜的純凈度,最后設(shè)計(jì)了一款新型的半模基片集成波導(dǎo)(Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide,HMSIW)和缺陷地結(jié)構(gòu)(Defected Ground Structure,DGS)組合的無源濾波器。此濾波器具有很強(qiáng)的選擇性,適用于射頻前端倍頻前的濾波。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)總結(jié)國內(nèi)外線性調(diào)頻連續(xù)波毫米波雷達(dá)及頻率源研究的現(xiàn)狀,簡要介紹FMCW體制雷達(dá)角度、速度、距離測(cè)量的基本原理。(2)討論現(xiàn)代頻率合成的技術(shù),主要介紹PLL和DDS模塊。對(duì)比各種頻率源方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并根據(jù)項(xiàng)目要求確定最優(yōu)方案,并分析方案的可行性和預(yù)期性能。(3)設(shè)計(jì)并加工了一款新型結(jié)構(gòu)的無源窄帶帶通濾波器,該濾波器使用DGS和HMSIW橫向組合的方式,濾波器選擇性好,經(jīng)過測(cè)試后符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。(4)根據(jù)選定的方案設(shè)計(jì)頻率源,包括電路設(shè)計(jì)、器件選擇、程序編寫和調(diào)試工作,并給出頻率源的測(cè)試結(jié)果,測(cè)試結(jié)果符合項(xiàng)目要求。參與組織雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)聯(lián)調(diào),給出測(cè)試結(jié)果并予以分析。
[Abstract]:The millimeter wave band is 26.5 GHz / 300 GHz, which has the advantage of short wavelength, so it is easier to miniaturize the millimeter wave system. Millimeter-wave technology is a key technology to solve the shortage of spectrum resources, so millimeter-wave technology has great value in communication, radar and other fields, especially in the field of automobile collision prevention. Although millimeter-wave linear frequency modulated continuous wave (Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave,FMCW) radar has broad market value and prospect, the development of domestic millimeter wave radar is faced with many problems, such as high product cost, difficult to popularize, technical blockade and so on. The millimeter wave linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar studied in this paper has the advantages of high measurement precision, low transmitting power and simple transmitting waveform, which can be used in the field of automobile collision prevention as well as in security. The operating frequency range of millimeter wave linear frequency modulation continuous wave system radar is 75.9 GHz to 76.5GHz, which has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, low transmission power and simple emission waveform. UAV detection and other fields. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different schemes and combining the characteristics of various frequency source schemes, this paper designs a Ku band LFM continuous wave frequency source covering 12.65GHz-12.75GHz based on the E-band FMCW angle-measuring radar project. The structure of the frequency source is phase-locked loop (Phase Locked Loop,PLL) inner mixing plus DDS external mixing plus DDS secondary mixing. In order to improve the purity of the spectrum, a novel passive filter combining half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide,HMSIW) and defective ground structure (Defected Ground Structure,DGS) is designed. This filter has strong selectivity and is suitable for RF front end frequency doubling filter. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the current situation of the research on LFM CW millimeter wave radar and its frequency source is summarized, and the basic principles of FMCW radar angle, velocity and range measurement are briefly introduced. (2) the modern frequency synthesis technology is discussed. This paper mainly introduces PLL and DDS module. The advantages and disadvantages of various frequency source schemes are compared, the optimal scheme is determined according to the project requirements, and the feasibility and expected performance of the scheme are analyzed. (3) A novel passive narrowband bandpass filter with a new structure is designed and fabricated. The filter is composed of DGS and HMSIW laterally. The filter has good selectivity and meets the design requirements after testing. (4) the frequency source is designed according to the selected scheme, including circuit design, device selection, programming and debugging. The test results of the frequency source are given, and the test results meet the requirements of the project. Participate in organizing radar system alignment, give test results and analyze them.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN958

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本文編號(hào)：2231393