【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會,信息技術(shù)設(shè)備已成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜夭豢缮俚墓ぞ�。如手機、平板電腦、機頂盒、打印機、復(fù)印機等產(chǎn)品都是我們工作生活中最常接觸的產(chǎn)品。但是,信息技術(shù)設(shè)備由于不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求而發(fā)生的安全事故的事例屢見不鮮。目前,我國已參照安全強制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB4943.1-2011《信息技術(shù)設(shè)備安全第1部分:通用要求》對此類產(chǎn)品的安全進(jìn)行強制性檢測。這些產(chǎn)品通常都采用開關(guān)電源供電,實際測試中,電源往往是重中之中。電源中的工作電壓是信息技術(shù)設(shè)備安全性能檢測的重要指標(biāo)之一。在檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB4943.1-2011中,工作電壓是指設(shè)備在其額定電源電壓下按正常使用條件工作時,所考慮的絕緣承受到的或能承受的最高電壓,即有效值工作電壓是指包括任何直流分量的工作電壓的有效值;峰值工作電壓是指包括任何直流分量和設(shè)備內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的任何重復(fù)性峰值脈沖電壓。確定工作電壓是為判定產(chǎn)品的有關(guān)安全絕緣性能,如產(chǎn)品的抗電強度,電氣間隙以及爬電距離等。如果工作電壓測量不準(zhǔn)確,會直接導(dǎo)致設(shè)備的絕緣設(shè)計中產(chǎn)生諸多安全隱患。信息技術(shù)類設(shè)備通常使用開關(guān)電源來供電的,因為高頻開關(guān)變壓器的工作特點,通常會有開關(guān)電源中初、次級間的真實工作電壓大于產(chǎn)品額定輸入的電壓值,或者某個產(chǎn)品的實現(xiàn)特定功率要求使用高壓輸出等狀況,所以,產(chǎn)品工作電壓的確定是非常關(guān)鍵的。然而,由于檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB4943.1-2011中對于工作電壓的測量描述簡單概括,各個實驗室有不同的理解,使得工作電壓的測量在同一型號電源產(chǎn)品中數(shù)據(jù)差距較大。本文以開關(guān)電源類產(chǎn)品為測驗對象,介紹其基本情況,考慮在開關(guān)電源類產(chǎn)品工作電壓檢測時,因電源的L/N極性、TN-S供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)、示波器接地、示波器探頭的選取、示波器信號耦合形式和信號收集形式、波形不同的電壓有效值和儀器輸入阻抗、初次極共電位的選取、負(fù)載狀態(tài)等因素對測試結(jié)果的影響。在確定了工作電壓的波形及數(shù)值后,先從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)理解的角度對工作電壓定義內(nèi)容做出理解,然后結(jié)合實例開關(guān)電源產(chǎn)品來評估絕緣參數(shù)(抗電強度、電氣間隙和爬電距離等。)
[Abstract]:Nowadays, information technology equipment has become an indispensable tool in people's daily life. Products such as mobile phones, tablets, set-top boxes, printers, photocopiers are the most common products in our working lives. However, information technology equipment due to non-compliance with the requirements of the security incidents are common. At present, our country has carried on the mandatory inspection to the safety of this kind of products according to the mandatory security standard GB4943.1-2011 < Information Technology equipment Safety part 1: general requirements >. These products are usually supplied by switching power supply, the actual test, power supply is often in the heavy. The working voltage in the power supply is one of the important indexes of the information technology equipment security performance test. In the detection standard GB4943.1-2011, working voltage is the maximum voltage that the insulation is or can withstand when the device works under its rated power supply voltage under normal operating conditions. The RMS working voltage refers to the effective value of the working voltage including any DC component, and the peak working voltage refers to any repetitive peak pulse voltage generated by any DC component and equipment. The working voltage is determined to determine the safety insulation properties of the product, such as electrical strength, electrical gap and creeping distance. If the working voltage measurement is not accurate, it will directly lead to many hidden dangers in the insulation design of the equipment. Information technology equipment usually uses switching power supply, because of the working characteristics of high frequency switching transformers, there is usually a switching power supply between the actual operating voltage higher than the product rated input voltage value, Or the realization of a certain product requires the use of high-voltage output and so on, so the determination of the working voltage of the product is very important. However, because of the simple description of the measurement of working voltage in GB4943.1-2011, different laboratories have different understandings, which makes the measurement of working voltage differ greatly in the same type of power supply products. In this paper, taking switching power supply products as the test object, the basic situation is introduced, considering the selection of the TN-S power supply network, the earthing of oscilloscope, and the probe of oscilloscope during the working voltage detection of switching power supply products, due to the L / N polarity of the power supply, the TN-S power supply network. The effects of oscilloscope signal coupling and signal collection, voltage RMS with different waveforms and input impedance of the instrument, the selection of initial polarity co-potential and load state on the test results are discussed. After determining the waveform and value of the working voltage, the definition of the working voltage is understood from the perspective of standard understanding, and then the insulation parameters (electrical strength, electrical gap, creeping distance, etc.) are evaluated with the example of switching power supply products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN86;TM935.3

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