【摘要】：高速公路隧道照明耗電占高速公路運(yùn)營成本的絕大部分,在實(shí)際運(yùn)營中,隧道存在過度照明的情況。過度照明不僅不利于安全行車,還會(huì)造成電能的浪費(fèi)。因此,研究如何解決高速公路隧道過度照明具有重要的理論意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文研究了解決隧道過度照明的方法,并設(shè)計(jì)了智慧節(jié)能系統(tǒng)。通過采集隧道外環(huán)境光照度以及隧道實(shí)時(shí)車流量,利用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù),基于模糊控制思想實(shí)時(shí)控制隧道內(nèi)的照明亮度,以實(shí)現(xiàn)“車流量高則多開燈、車流量低則少開燈”以及“隧道外光照度強(qiáng)則多開燈、隧道外光照度弱則少開燈”的控制效果,從而避免了過度照明,實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能,確保行車安全。首先,研究與設(shè)計(jì)了基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的高速公路隧道智慧照明節(jié)能系統(tǒng),包括照明節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)概述、隧道環(huán)境參數(shù)獲取方法研究及照明節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的各子系統(tǒng)研究。其次,詳細(xì)講述了各子系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),著重介紹光照數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)中的基于STM32與Modbus協(xié)議的光照度感測(cè)器的設(shè)計(jì)與制作和基于Cortex-A9的嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。其中,光照度感測(cè)器部署于隧道內(nèi)外,以采集實(shí)時(shí)亮度;基于A9的嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)用于調(diào)度控制各子系統(tǒng),定時(shí)采集光照、照明能耗、車流等信息,且通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳這些信息于遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器。然后,研究了模糊控制理論,并基于模糊控制思想設(shè)計(jì)了基于模糊控制的隧道照明控制算法。利用嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)上傳到服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù),經(jīng)過照明控制算法,實(shí)時(shí)控制隧道內(nèi)的照明亮度,使隧道內(nèi)光照度隨隧道外光照度及車流量的變化而變化,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能。最后,進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)功能測(cè)試以及能耗分析。測(cè)試了基于STM32與Modbus協(xié)議的光照度感測(cè)器各項(xiàng)功能;測(cè)試了嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)采集、網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸?shù)裙δ?測(cè)試了基于網(wǎng)頁的能耗平臺(tái)的各項(xiàng)功能;測(cè)試了基于模糊控制的隧道照明節(jié)能控制算法的效果。通過對(duì)隧道內(nèi)燈具的實(shí)際控制,利用控制前后的能耗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行能耗分析。由能耗分析,得到了系統(tǒng)控制運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,節(jié)能效果較好,節(jié)能效率較高的結(jié)論,達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)期望。
[Abstract]:The power consumption of highway tunnel lighting accounts for most of the highway operation cost. In the actual operation, there is excessive lighting in the tunnel. Excessive lighting is not only bad for safe driving, but also a waste of electric energy. Therefore, the study on how to solve the highway tunnel excessive lighting has important theoretical significance and application value. In this paper, the method to solve the excessive lighting of tunnel is studied, and the intelligent energy saving system is designed. Through collecting the illumination of the tunnel environment and the real-time traffic flow of the tunnel, using the technology of Internet of things, the lighting brightness in the tunnel is controlled in real time based on the fuzzy control thought, in order to realize the "high traffic flow, more lights are turned on," The control effect of "low flow rate, less light" and "light intensity outside tunnel light intensity is strong, light intensity is weak, less light" control effect, thus avoiding excessive lighting, achieve energy saving, and ensure the safety of driving. Firstly, the intelligent lighting energy saving system of highway tunnel based on the Internet of things is studied and designed, including the overview of the overall structure of the lighting energy saving system, the research of the tunnel environmental parameters acquisition method and the study of the subsystems of the lighting energy saving system. Secondly, the design and implementation of each subsystem are described in detail, focusing on the design and fabrication of illumination sensor based on STM32 and Modbus protocol and the design of embedded control system based on Cortex-A9 in Illumination data acquisition system. The illumination sensor is deployed inside and outside the tunnel to collect real-time brightness, and the embedded control system based on A9 is used to schedule and control the subsystems to collect information such as illumination, lighting energy consumption, traffic flow and so on. And upload this information to the remote server through the network. Then, the fuzzy control theory is studied, and the tunnel lighting control algorithm based on fuzzy control is designed. By using the data uploaded to the server by the embedded control system, the illumination brightness in the tunnel can be controlled in real time through the illumination control algorithm, which makes the illumination in the tunnel change with the light intensity outside the tunnel and the traffic flow, so that the energy saving can be realized. Finally, the system function test and energy consumption analysis are carried out. The functions of the illumination sensor based on STM32 and Modbus protocol, the functions of data acquisition and network transmission of embedded control system, the functions of energy consumption platform based on web page are tested. The effect of energy-saving control algorithm of tunnel lighting based on fuzzy control is tested. Through the actual control of lamps and lanterns in the tunnel, the energy consumption data before and after the control are used to analyze the energy consumption. Based on the analysis of energy consumption, it is concluded that the control system is stable, the effect of energy saving is better and the efficiency of energy saving is higher, and the design expectation is reached.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.44;TN929.5;U453.7

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