【摘要】：近年來大規(guī)模MIMO技術成為移動通信發(fā)展的焦點,更是未來第五代移動通信的一項關鍵技術。與傳統(tǒng)的MIMO技術相比,大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)基站端配置數(shù)量巨大的低功率天線,天線數(shù)遠超過同時調(diào)度的用戶天線的數(shù)量,能夠獲得頻譜利用率和能量效率的提升。應5G通信發(fā)展需求,大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)信道建模也需從2D空間擴展到3D空間,考慮到大規(guī)模MIMO天線數(shù)目龐大,如果單極化天線以半波長天線間距按照均勻線性陣列排列,勢必會占用很大的空間,雙極化天線可以在保證系統(tǒng)和速率的同時,占用更小的空間面積,更具有應用前景。論文研究3D雙極化信道下大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)傳輸,通過波束域信道轉(zhuǎn)換,將物理信道轉(zhuǎn)換到波束域,實現(xiàn)多用戶在空間波束域的無干擾傳輸。此外,對于采用DFT矩陣作為波束域信道轉(zhuǎn)換矩陣時,波束域信道能量存在旁瓣泄漏的問題,提出了兩種大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)波束域波束泄漏抑制的方案。首先分析了大規(guī)模MIMO傳輸技術的基礎。從大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)信道容量入手,分析了從單用戶MIMO到大規(guī)模MIMO的信道容量,以及多用戶MIMO到大規(guī)模MIMO的信道容量變化,接著介紹了3D MIMO信道建模模型,包括非物理信道模型和物理信道模型,重點研究雙極化天線下的3D MIMO信道模型,同時概述了MIMO系統(tǒng)的波束成形技術,重點側(cè)重于DFT波束成形技術。接著研究基于3D雙極化信道的大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)傳輸。針對下行傳輸鏈路,基站布置雙極化天線,用戶布置單極化天線的場景,進行波束域信道轉(zhuǎn)換矩陣設計,保證基站端波束域信道相互正交。在基站獲取上行統(tǒng)計信道信息后,以最大的系統(tǒng)和速率為準則,根據(jù)貪婪算法對小區(qū)中的用戶進行調(diào)度,確定采用相同時頻資源與基站進行通信的用戶以及各用戶與基站通信采用的波束,實現(xiàn)被調(diào)度用戶采用互不重疊的波束與基站進行通信,保證用戶之間無干擾傳輸。仿真結果表明：雙極化天線在保證系統(tǒng)和速率的同時可以有效地減小占用空間。最后,提出大規(guī)模MIMO波束域信道波束泄漏抑制方案。分析了采用DFT波束域信道轉(zhuǎn)換時波束域信道能量不夠集中的問題。在此基礎上,提出了兩種波束域波束泄漏抑制的方法,分別為對角矩陣整形和匹配濾波整形。對角矩陣整形利用有限徑信道模型的建模方法,以信道能量最大信干比為準則,設計整形向量,該方法簡單易行。匹配濾波整形是根據(jù)實時統(tǒng)計信道矩陣,以信道能量最大信干比為準則,設計匹配整形矩陣,保證波束域信道能量集中在特定的波束上,該方法需要獲取信道信息,整形效果較好。仿真結果表明：兩種方法對波束域信道能量分布均有改善,匹配濾波整形方法效果更加明顯。
[Abstract]:In recent years, large-scale MIMO technology has become the focus of mobile communication development, and it is also a key technology of the fifth generation mobile communication in the future. Compared with the traditional MIMO technology, a large number of low-power antennas are deployed at the base station of the large-scale MIMO system, and the number of antennas is far more than the number of simultaneously scheduled user antennas, which can improve the spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. In response to the development of 5G communication, the channel modeling of large-scale MIMO system also needs to be extended from 2D space to 3D space. Considering the large number of large-scale MIMO antennas, if the single-polarization antenna is arranged in half wavelength antenna spacing according to uniform linear array, It is bound to occupy a large amount of space. The dual-polarization antenna can guarantee the system and speed while occupying a smaller space area and has more application prospects. In this paper, the large-scale MIMO system transmission in 3D dual polarization channel is studied. The physical channel is converted to the beamspace by beamspace channel conversion, and the multi-user non-interference transmission in spatial beamspace is realized. In addition, when the DFT matrix is used as the beamspace channel conversion matrix, there is a sidelobe leakage problem in the beamspace channel energy. Two kinds of beamspace beam leakage suppression schemes for large scale MIMO systems are proposed. Firstly, the basis of large-scale MIMO transmission technology is analyzed. Starting with the channel capacity of large-scale MIMO system, this paper analyzes the channel capacity from single user MIMO to large-scale MIMO and the change of channel capacity from multi-user MIMO to large-scale MIMO, and then introduces the 3D MIMO channel modeling model. Including the non-physical channel model and the physical channel model, the 3D MIMO channel model under dual-polarization antenna is studied, and the beamforming technology of MIMO system is summarized, especially the DFT beamforming technology. Then the large scale MIMO system transmission based on 3 D dual polarization channel is studied. In the downlink, the base station has a dual-polarization antenna, and the user sets a single-polarization antenna. The beamspace channel conversion matrix is designed to ensure that the beamspace channel at the base station is orthogonal to each other. After the base station acquires the uplink statistical channel information, taking the maximum system and rate as the criterion, the users in the cell are scheduled according to the greedy algorithm. The users who use the same time-frequency resources to communicate with the base station and the beams used by each user to communicate with the base station are determined. The scheduled users can communicate with the base station using non-overlapping beams, so as to ensure that there is no interference transmission between the users. The simulation results show that the dual-polarization antenna can reduce the space effectively while ensuring the system and speed. Finally, a large scale MIMO beamspace channel beam leakage suppression scheme is proposed. This paper analyzes the problem that the energy of beamspace channel is not concentrated when DFT beamspace channel is converted. On this basis, two beamspace beam leak suppression methods, diagonal matrix shaping and matched filtering shaping, are proposed. The diagonal matrix shaping uses the modeling method of finite path channel model to design the shaping vector according to the maximum signal-to-interference ratio of channel energy. This method is simple and feasible. Based on real-time statistical channel matrix, matching shaping matrix is designed based on the maximum signal to interference ratio of channel energy to ensure that the channel energy of beamspace is concentrated on a specific beam. This method needs to obtain channel information. The plastic effect is better. The simulation results show that the two methods can improve the energy distribution of beamspace channel, and the effect of matched filtering shaping method is more obvious.
【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN919.3

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