【摘要】：無線通信和現(xiàn)代網(wǎng)絡(luò)等技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,推動了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Wireless Sensor Network, WSN)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展,使其在環(huán)境監(jiān)測及預(yù)報(bào)、健康護(hù)理和智能家居等各個領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。與有線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)不同的是,WSN具有大規(guī)模、自組織、拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)動態(tài)變化、能量有限且不可補(bǔ)充等特點(diǎn)。又因?yàn)樗菀资艿綔囟�、濕度、障礙物等的影響造成衰減、多徑、盲區(qū),致使數(shù)據(jù)傳輸產(chǎn)生丟包、重傳等現(xiàn)象。所以這就要求網(wǎng)絡(luò)在許多應(yīng)用場合要確保其能量有效利用且數(shù)據(jù)可靠傳輸。考慮到優(yōu)化的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)可以節(jié)約網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量,確保數(shù)據(jù)可靠傳輸,本課題通過分析和總結(jié)已有的可靠拓?fù)淠Ｐ?針對WSN在可靠性和節(jié)能方面研究的不足之處,提出相應(yīng)研究內(nèi)容,具體有：(1)總結(jié)了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化算法的研究現(xiàn)狀,基于實(shí)際應(yīng)用環(huán)境分析出可靠性對于增強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的適應(yīng)性及推動網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用具有非常重要的意義,因此針對網(wǎng)絡(luò)可靠性能從鏈路穩(wěn)定和能量均衡兩方面來分析可靠拓?fù)淠Ｐ�。為本課題設(shè)計(jì)面向可靠性的無線傳感網(wǎng)分布式能量意識拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化算法奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(2)考慮到真實(shí)環(huán)境中的非對稱鏈路會造成信號傳輸失敗,利用鏈路質(zhì)量預(yù)測的方法,建立面向鏈路穩(wěn)定的通信可靠模型。并以此模型為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)分布式算法的優(yōu)勢,設(shè)計(jì)了基于通信可靠模型的WSN分布式拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化算法。該算法可以建立雙向連通的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),并通過仿真驗(yàn)證了其具有提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信可靠性、降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗和延長網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命期的性能。(3)數(shù)據(jù)能夠成功傳輸是建立在拓?fù)淇煽炕A(chǔ)上的,并且節(jié)點(diǎn)被孤立等因素使得節(jié)點(diǎn)實(shí)際傳輸信息的時間與節(jié)點(diǎn)耗盡能量的時間不一致,因此分別建立拓?fù)淇煽磕Ｐ秃玩溌穼?shí)際生存時間模型。然后以此為基礎(chǔ)提出面向通信可靠與能量均衡的WSN拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化模型,并設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化算法。理論分析和仿真結(jié)果表明該算法不僅能提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)可靠性,而且延長了網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸信息的時間。
[Abstract]:The development of wireless sensor network (WSN) has been promoted by the development of wireless communication and modern network technology. It has been widely used in many fields such as environmental monitoring and forecasting, health care and smart home. Different from wired sensor networks, WSN has the characteristics of large scale, self-organization, dynamic change of topological structure, limited energy and can not be replenished. Because it is easy to be affected by temperature, humidity, obstacles and so on, it causes attenuation, multi-path, blind area, resulting in data transmission, such as packet loss, retransmission and so on. Therefore, it is necessary for the network to ensure the efficient use of its energy and reliable transmission of data in many applications. Considering that the optimized topology structure can save network energy and ensure the reliable transmission of data, this paper analyzes and summarizes the existing reliable topology models, aiming at the shortcomings of the research on the reliability and energy saving of WSN, puts forward the corresponding research content. The main contents are as follows: (1) the research status of wireless sensor network topology optimization algorithm is summarized. It is very important to analyze the reliability for enhancing the adaptability of the network and promoting the application of the network based on the actual application environment. Therefore, the reliable topology model is analyzed in terms of link stability and energy balance for network reliability performance. It lays a foundation for the design of a reliability-oriented distributed energy awareness topology optimization algorithm for wireless sensor networks. (2) considering that asymmetric links in real environment will cause signal transmission failure, the method of link quality prediction is used. A reliable communication model for link stability is established. Based on this model, the distributed topology optimization algorithm of WSN based on reliable communication model is designed according to the advantages of distributed algorithm. The algorithm can establish a bidirectional connected topology, and the simulation results show that the algorithm can improve the network communication reliability, reduce the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime. (3) the data can be successfully transmitted on the basis of topology reliability. The isolation of nodes makes the time of the actual transmission of information inconsistent with the time of energy depletion, so the topology reliability model and the link real life time model are established respectively. Then, a new topology optimization model for WSN based on communication reliability and energy balance is proposed, and the corresponding topology optimization algorithm is designed. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can not only improve the network reliability, but also prolong the time of network transmission.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5
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本文編號：2129373