本文選題：圓極化天線 + 寬波束��； 參考：《南京郵電大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：關于圓極化天線的研究具有悠久的歷史,基于圓極化波的諸多特點,故在電子偵察和干擾、雷達的極化分集、衛(wèi)星導航、通信系統(tǒng)和射頻識別系統(tǒng)(RFID)中普遍采用圓極化天線。對于圓極化天線,3dB軸比波束寬度是一個重要的性能指標,在實際的通信中,為了能從各個方向接收到無線信號的來波,實現(xiàn)接近或超過180°的3dB軸比波束顯得尤為重要。為了獲得較寬的圓極化波束,以往的圓極化天線往往用到較復雜的非平面結(jié)構(gòu)或者附加饋電網(wǎng)絡(如:功分器和定向耦合器)的旋轉(zhuǎn)對稱結(jié)構(gòu),它們多具有邊射或垂直于天線主平面的端射波束。如何設計既具有很寬的3dB軸比波束,又具有端射特性、并且端射波束指向平行于天線所在平面方向的低剖面圓極化天線,一直是挑戰(zhàn)性的難題。本文致力于實現(xiàn)上述要求為目標,嘗試一種新型的寬波束平面圓極化天線的制作方法——對稱開口環(huán)組合天線,本文的主要工作包括:1.本文以設計具有端射特性的寬波束平面圓極化天線為目標,首先分析了如何產(chǎn)生一個定向?qū)挷ㄊ?然后探索一個基本圓極化天線的設計思路,最后基于理論分析得到初步的天線結(jié)構(gòu)即平面磁偶極子和V形開口環(huán)進行組合設計,建立該組合結(jié)構(gòu)的等效源模型,推導出遠區(qū)電場分布情況,分析工作原理并根據(jù)理論分析結(jié)果推導基本設計準則。2.進一步地推導出軸比閉合表達式,該表達式包含了兩個自由度,并用Ansoft HFSS仿真軟件驗證其正確性。然后制作了兩個天線樣品,其工作頻率分別為2.4GHz和5.8GHz。3.制作的天線樣品使用Agilent’s 8720ET矢量網(wǎng)絡分析儀和Satimo Starlab近場天線測試系統(tǒng)測量天線的實際輻射性能,仿真和實際測量結(jié)果吻合較好,充分地證明了該設計思路的正確性。工作頻率為2.4GHz天線樣品測量結(jié)果在2.27-2.75 GHz頻帶內(nèi)反射系數(shù)小于-10 dB,在2.42GHz-2.48GHz頻帶內(nèi),3dB軸比波束張角都大于220°,平均增益為1.5dBic,且具有端射特性,滿足RFID系統(tǒng)和其他通信系統(tǒng)等使用要求。
[Abstract]:The research on circular polarization antenna has a long history, and based on the characteristics of circular polarization wave, circular polarization antenna is widely used in electronic reconnaissance and jamming, radar polarization diversity, satellite navigation, communication system and radio frequency identification system (RFID). 3dB axial ratio beam width is an important performance index for circular polarization antenna. In practical communication, it is very important to realize 3dB axial ratio beam close to or over 180 擄in order to receive radio signal from all directions. In order to obtain a wider circular polarized beam, traditional circular polarization antennas often use complex non-planar structures or rotating symmetric structures with additional feed networks (such as power dividers and directional couplers). Most of them have edge beam or end beam which is perpendicular to the main plane of antenna. It has always been a challenging problem to design a low profile circular polarization antenna with a wide 3dB axial ratio beam and an end-to-end beam pointing to the plane parallel to the antenna. In order to meet the above requirements, this paper tries to design a new wide beam planar circular polarization antenna, which is composed of symmetric open loop antennas. The main work of this paper includes: 1. This paper aims at designing a wide-beam planar circularly polarized antenna with endbeam characteristics. Firstly, it analyzes how to generate a directional wide-beam, and then explores the design idea of a basic circular polarization antenna. Finally, based on the theoretical analysis, the primary antenna structure, namely planar magnetic dipole and V-shaped open loop, is designed, and the equivalent source model of the combined structure is established, and the electric field distribution in the far region is deduced. The working principle is analyzed and the basic design criterion. 2. 2 is deduced according to the theoretical analysis results. Furthermore, a closed axis-ratio expression is derived, which includes two degrees of freedom and is verified by Ansoft simulation software. Then two antenna samples were prepared with operating frequencies of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. 3 respectively. Agilent's 8720ET vector network analyzer and Satimo Starlab near-field antenna test system are used to measure the actual radiation performance of the antenna. The simulation results agree well with the actual measurement results, which fully prove the correctness of the design idea. The measured results of 2.4GHz antenna sample are less than -10 dB in 2.27-2.75 GHz band, and 3dB axial ratio beam spread angle is more than 220 擄in 2.42 GHz ~ 2.48 GHz band. The average gain is 1.5 dBic. the antenna has end-to-end emission characteristic, which can meet the requirements of RFID system and other communication systems.
【學位授予單位】：南京郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN821.1

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