本文選題：WSN + 不均勻分簇��； 參考：《北方民族大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)作為信息時代的代表性技術(shù)在近年來得到了飛速的發(fā)展。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(WSN)技術(shù)則是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的重要基石。由于WSN獨有的優(yōu)良特性,近年來在環(huán)境污染監(jiān)測、智能農(nóng)業(yè)、災害預測、軍事偵查等眾多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應用。同時,由于無線傳感器節(jié)點的能量受到各種限制,得不到有效的補充,所以如何高效地利用有限的能量,提高WSN的生存周期一直是學者們所研究的核心問題。分簇的路由協(xié)議相對于平面型協(xié)議來說,能更加有效的對能量進行利用。通過對網(wǎng)絡進行層次結(jié)構(gòu)的劃分,能十分有效地減少網(wǎng)絡中數(shù)量巨大的冗余信息,從而減少WSN傳輸這些不必要的冗余信息所造成的能量損耗。所以,如何將網(wǎng)絡中傳感器節(jié)點進行合理的分簇,設計能量高效的數(shù)據(jù)信息傳輸機制對提高網(wǎng)絡性能來說,有著非常重要的意義。本文主要完成工作如下:首先,分析了WSN的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和主要研究問題,介紹了WSN的相關(guān)技術(shù);詳細描述了WSN路由協(xié)議的基本思想。接下來對現(xiàn)階段分簇協(xié)議的節(jié)能策略和其中主要解決的問題進行研究與仿真分析。其次,針對傳統(tǒng)的分簇路由協(xié)議簇首選舉策略不合理,整個網(wǎng)絡的能量損耗不均衡等問題,提出一種基于能耗控制的不均勻分簇算法(UCBEC)。該算法對整個網(wǎng)絡運行過程中的能量損耗進行量化評估,根據(jù)節(jié)點所處的位置將其劃分到不同的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)區(qū)域內(nèi)。綜合考慮節(jié)點的剩余能量、鄰居節(jié)點的能量強弱和簇內(nèi)平均通信代價等因素來進行合理簇首的選舉;以不等概率的入簇方式來均衡網(wǎng)絡內(nèi)所處不同位置的簇首節(jié)點之間的負載;以基于能耗優(yōu)先的休眠調(diào)度策略來均衡簇內(nèi)各成員節(jié)點之間的能量損耗,以達到整個網(wǎng)絡負載相對均衡的目的。最后,為了驗證UCBEC的算法性能,通過一系列仿真實驗的結(jié)果的對比分析,證明UCBEC能在一定程度上能提高網(wǎng)絡的性能。
[Abstract]:As a representative technology in the information age, Internet of things technology has been developed rapidly in recent years. Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology is an important cornerstone of the Internet of things technology. WSN has been widely used in many fields, such as environmental pollution monitoring, intelligent agriculture, disaster prediction, military investigation and so on. At the same time, because the energy of wireless sensor nodes is limited and can not be effectively supplemented, how to efficiently utilize the limited energy and improve the lifetime of WSN has been the core problem of scholars. Compared with the planar protocol, the clustering routing protocol can utilize energy more effectively. By dividing the network hierarchy, it can effectively reduce the amount of redundant information in the network, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the transmission of these unnecessary redundant information by WSN. Therefore, how to cluster sensor nodes reasonably and design energy-efficient data transmission mechanism is of great significance to improve network performance. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the development status and main research problems of WSN are analyzed, the related technologies of WSN are introduced, and the basic idea of WSN routing protocol is described in detail. Then, the energy saving strategy and the main problems of cluster protocol are studied and simulated. Secondly, aiming at the unreasonable strategy of cluster head election and the imbalance of energy loss in the whole network, a non-uniform clustering algorithm based on energy consumption control (UCBEC) is proposed. The algorithm quantifies the energy loss in the whole network and divides it into different forwarding regions according to the location of the nodes. Considering the residual energy of the node, the energy intensity of the neighbor node and the average communication cost in the cluster, the reasonable cluster head election can be carried out, and the load between the cluster heads at different positions in the network can be balanced by the method of unequal probability. A sleep scheduling strategy based on energy consumption priority is used to balance the energy loss among the member nodes in the cluster so as to achieve the purpose of relatively balancing the load of the whole network. Finally, in order to verify the algorithm performance of UCBEC, a series of simulation results show that UCBEC can improve the performance of the network to some extent.
【學位授予單位】：北方民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號：2110445