本文選題：WSN + 不均勻分簇��； 參考：《北方民族大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)作為信息時(shí)代的代表性技術(shù)在近年來(lái)得到了飛速的發(fā)展。無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(WSN)技術(shù)則是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的重要基石。由于WSN獨(dú)有的優(yōu)良特性,近年來(lái)在環(huán)境污染監(jiān)測(cè)、智能農(nóng)業(yè)、災(zāi)害預(yù)測(cè)、軍事偵查等眾多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。同時(shí),由于無(wú)線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的能量受到各種限制,得不到有效的補(bǔ)充,所以如何高效地利用有限的能量,提高WSN的生存周期一直是學(xué)者們所研究的核心問(wèn)題。分簇的路由協(xié)議相對(duì)于平面型協(xié)議來(lái)說(shuō),能更加有效的對(duì)能量進(jìn)行利用。通過(guò)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行層次結(jié)構(gòu)的劃分,能十分有效地減少網(wǎng)絡(luò)中數(shù)量巨大的冗余信息,從而減少WSN傳輸這些不必要的冗余信息所造成的能量損耗。所以,如何將網(wǎng)絡(luò)中傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行合理的分簇,設(shè)計(jì)能量高效的數(shù)據(jù)信息傳輸機(jī)制對(duì)提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能來(lái)說(shuō),有著非常重要的意義。本文主要完成工作如下:首先,分析了WSN的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和主要研究問(wèn)題,介紹了WSN的相關(guān)技術(shù);詳細(xì)描述了WSN路由協(xié)議的基本思想。接下來(lái)對(duì)現(xiàn)階段分簇協(xié)議的節(jié)能策略和其中主要解決的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究與仿真分析。其次,針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的分簇路由協(xié)議簇首選舉策略不合理,整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量損耗不均衡等問(wèn)題,提出一種基于能耗控制的不均勻分簇算法(UCBEC)。該算法對(duì)整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中的能量損耗進(jìn)行量化評(píng)估,根據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)所處的位置將其劃分到不同的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)區(qū)域內(nèi)。綜合考慮節(jié)點(diǎn)的剩余能量、鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)的能量強(qiáng)弱和簇內(nèi)平均通信代價(jià)等因素來(lái)進(jìn)行合理簇首的選舉;以不等概率的入簇方式來(lái)均衡網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)所處不同位置的簇首節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的負(fù)載;以基于能耗優(yōu)先的休眠調(diào)度策略來(lái)均衡簇內(nèi)各成員節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的能量損耗,以達(dá)到整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載相對(duì)均衡的目的。最后,為了驗(yàn)證UCBEC的算法性能,通過(guò)一系列仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果的對(duì)比分析,證明UCBEC能在一定程度上能提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能。
[Abstract]:As a representative technology in the information age, Internet of things technology has been developed rapidly in recent years. Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology is an important cornerstone of the Internet of things technology. WSN has been widely used in many fields, such as environmental pollution monitoring, intelligent agriculture, disaster prediction, military investigation and so on. At the same time, because the energy of wireless sensor nodes is limited and can not be effectively supplemented, how to efficiently utilize the limited energy and improve the lifetime of WSN has been the core problem of scholars. Compared with the planar protocol, the clustering routing protocol can utilize energy more effectively. By dividing the network hierarchy, it can effectively reduce the amount of redundant information in the network, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the transmission of these unnecessary redundant information by WSN. Therefore, how to cluster sensor nodes reasonably and design energy-efficient data transmission mechanism is of great significance to improve network performance. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the development status and main research problems of WSN are analyzed, the related technologies of WSN are introduced, and the basic idea of WSN routing protocol is described in detail. Then, the energy saving strategy and the main problems of cluster protocol are studied and simulated. Secondly, aiming at the unreasonable strategy of cluster head election and the imbalance of energy loss in the whole network, a non-uniform clustering algorithm based on energy consumption control (UCBEC) is proposed. The algorithm quantifies the energy loss in the whole network and divides it into different forwarding regions according to the location of the nodes. Considering the residual energy of the node, the energy intensity of the neighbor node and the average communication cost in the cluster, the reasonable cluster head election can be carried out, and the load between the cluster heads at different positions in the network can be balanced by the method of unequal probability. A sleep scheduling strategy based on energy consumption priority is used to balance the energy loss among the member nodes in the cluster so as to achieve the purpose of relatively balancing the load of the whole network. Finally, in order to verify the algorithm performance of UCBEC, a series of simulation results show that UCBEC can improve the performance of the network to some extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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