本文選題：異步協(xié)作定位 + 性能下限　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：無(wú)線技術(shù)快速發(fā)展的今天,位置信息越來(lái)越受重視。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,考慮到成本的需求和無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)分布的不確定性,通過(guò)增加協(xié)作機(jī)制能夠有效提升網(wǎng)絡(luò)的定位性能。由于節(jié)點(diǎn)間晶振很難做到精確相同,節(jié)點(diǎn)間的時(shí)鐘同步難以實(shí)現(xiàn),因此異步定位能更好地貼近現(xiàn)實(shí)情況。在資源受限(功率與帶寬)的無(wú)線定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)中合理分配節(jié)點(diǎn)間的系統(tǒng)資源使定位精度達(dá)到最優(yōu)是本文需要研究的重要課題。本文以無(wú)線異步協(xié)作定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)誤差下限推導(dǎo)為目標(biāo)討論了資源最優(yōu)化分配的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:給出衡量定位算法的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),本文建立了無(wú)線異步協(xié)作定位的系統(tǒng)模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了聯(lián)合位置估計(jì)與時(shí)鐘偏差估計(jì)的克拉美-羅下界,并通過(guò)該下界的舒爾補(bǔ)分別給出關(guān)于位置估計(jì)、時(shí)鐘偏差估計(jì)的克拉美-羅下界。根據(jù)得到的聯(lián)合位置估計(jì)與時(shí)鐘偏差估計(jì)的克拉美-羅下界,提取下界矩陣特征值參數(shù),本文給出了三維空間中的幾何模型,并解釋了它的物理意義。通過(guò)降維討論法,本文又給出了基本定位算法的幾何模型及物理意義的解釋。本文隨之對(duì)資源受限的無(wú)線異步協(xié)作定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行研究,以聯(lián)合位置估計(jì)與時(shí)鐘偏差估計(jì)的克拉美-羅下界為目標(biāo)函數(shù),通過(guò)泰勒展開與迭代法使優(yōu)化問(wèn)題變?yōu)橥箚?wèn)題,建立框架模型給出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)中功率與帶寬一定的情況下兩者合理分配與均勻分配所帶來(lái)的定位精度的差異對(duì)比。本文同時(shí)對(duì)無(wú)線異步非協(xié)作定位與無(wú)線異步協(xié)作定位在最優(yōu)化資源分配的前提下進(jìn)行比較,證明協(xié)作在提高定位精度時(shí)發(fā)揮的作用。本文通過(guò)協(xié)作定位類比給出協(xié)作同步的概念,同時(shí)與協(xié)作定位進(jìn)行比較,給出了定位與同步之間相互促進(jìn)的關(guān)系,同時(shí)對(duì)它的幾何特征進(jìn)行分析,得出可以把同步看作是一維的定位問(wèn)題,定位為同步的理解提供了基礎(chǔ)。本文首次給出了定位與同步具體的關(guān)系表達(dá)式,為進(jìn)一步探索同步與定位的關(guān)系提供了理論支撐。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless technology, more and more attention is paid to location information. In practical application, considering the demand of cost and the uncertainty of node distribution in wireless network, the location performance of the network can be effectively improved by adding cooperative mechanism. Because the crystal oscillator between nodes is difficult to achieve the exact same and the clock synchronization between nodes is difficult to achieve, asynchronous positioning can be more close to the reality. It is an important task for this paper to allocate the system resources between nodes to optimize the location accuracy in wireless location networks with limited resources (power and bandwidth). In this paper, several problems of optimal resource allocation are discussed in order to deduce the lower limit of error of wireless asynchronous cooperative location network. The criteria for measuring location algorithm are given, and the system model of wireless asynchronous cooperative location is established in this paper. On this basis, the Clame-Luo lower bound of the joint position estimation and the clock deviation estimate is given, and by the Schulcomplement of the lower bound, the Crame-Luo lower bound of the joint position estimation and the clock deviation estimate is given respectively. Based on the lower bound of the joint position estimation and clock deviation estimation, the eigenvalue parameters of the lower bound matrix are extracted. In this paper, the geometric model in three dimensional space is given and its physical meaning is explained. The geometric model of the basic localization algorithm and the explanation of its physical meaning are given by the method of dimension reduction. In this paper, the resource constrained wireless asynchronous cooperative localization network is studied. With the lower bound of joint position estimation and clock deviation estimation as the objective function, the optimization problem becomes convex by Taylor expansion and iteration. The frame model is established and the difference of location accuracy between the two reasonable allocation and uniform allocation is given under the condition of certain power and bandwidth in the network. At the same time, this paper compares wireless asynchronous non-cooperative location with wireless asynchronous cooperative location on the premise of optimizing resource allocation, and proves the role of cooperation in improving positioning accuracy. In this paper, the concept of cooperative synchronization is given through the analogy of cooperative location, and the relationship between location and synchronization is given, and its geometric characteristics are analyzed. It is concluded that synchronization can be regarded as a one-dimensional localization problem, which provides the basis for understanding synchronization. In this paper, the expression of the relationship between location and synchronization is presented for the first time, which provides theoretical support for further exploring the relationship between synchronization and positioning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN92

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 R.K.GHOSH;Sajal K.DAS;;A survey on sensor localization[J];Journal of Control Theory and Applications;2010年01期

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本文編號(hào)：2092531