本文選題：小長(zhǎng)徑比螺絲 + 多軸自動(dòng)鎖螺絲機(jī)��； 參考：《廈門理工學(xué)院》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著車載電視等數(shù)碼設(shè)備越來越多出現(xiàn)在汽車上,這類電子設(shè)備通常采用小長(zhǎng)徑比螺絲進(jìn)行鎖付和固定內(nèi)部元件。然而,目前企業(yè)主要的生產(chǎn)方式仍依靠人工利用電動(dòng)擰緊工具進(jìn)行螺絲鎖付,隨著用工成本的增加和對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量要求的提升,企業(yè)開始尋求小長(zhǎng)徑比螺絲的自動(dòng)化鎖付設(shè)備代替人工鎖付。本文針對(duì)小長(zhǎng)徑比螺絲的鎖付工藝,設(shè)計(jì)了小長(zhǎng)徑比多軸自動(dòng)鎖螺絲機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了小長(zhǎng)徑比螺絲的高效鎖付。一、針對(duì)小長(zhǎng)徑比螺絲鎖付的工藝流程,設(shè)計(jì)了小長(zhǎng)徑比多軸自動(dòng)鎖螺絲機(jī)的控制方案及電氣系統(tǒng),對(duì)關(guān)鍵電氣元件進(jìn)行選型,完成了電氣系統(tǒng)的接線,構(gòu)建了小長(zhǎng)徑比多軸自動(dòng)鎖螺絲機(jī)樣機(jī)一臺(tái),并對(duì)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行綜合調(diào)試,為小長(zhǎng)徑比多軸自動(dòng)鎖螺絲機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制軟件的開發(fā)提供了硬件基礎(chǔ)。二、利用運(yùn)動(dòng)控制卡提供的動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫開發(fā)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制軟件,直線軸伺服電機(jī)采用位置控制可快速準(zhǔn)確定位,而螺絲擰緊采用扭矩法控制,可準(zhǔn)確判斷螺絲擰緊情況,通過工件信息獲取電批運(yùn)動(dòng)位置,實(shí)現(xiàn)小長(zhǎng)徑比螺絲的自動(dòng)鎖付。三、分析機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu),基于設(shè)備運(yùn)動(dòng)坐標(biāo)系,選取運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),利用MATLAB進(jìn)行曲線擬合,求解出路徑方程,優(yōu)化運(yùn)動(dòng)路徑,再利用運(yùn)動(dòng)控制卡輪廓運(yùn)動(dòng)插補(bǔ)實(shí)現(xiàn)所需運(yùn)動(dòng)曲線,從而提高鎖付效率,減小設(shè)備運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中的振動(dòng)問題。四、通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)路徑優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。針對(duì)鎖付時(shí)間和振動(dòng)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)比優(yōu)化前后鎖付相同工件所用時(shí)間及機(jī)臺(tái)振動(dòng)情況,判斷路徑優(yōu)化的效果。本設(shè)計(jì)完成了小長(zhǎng)徑比多軸自動(dòng)鎖螺絲機(jī)樣機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)一套及其配套的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制軟件。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,優(yōu)化后,小長(zhǎng)徑比多軸自動(dòng)鎖螺絲機(jī)鎖付48寸背板平均用時(shí)19.08s,比企業(yè)人工鎖付時(shí)間縮短約4s,成功率達(dá)98.5%,可滿足企業(yè)要求。
[Abstract]:As more and more digital devices such as on-board TV are used in automobiles, these electronic devices usually use small aspect ratio screws for locking and fixing internal components. However, at present, the main mode of production of enterprises still relies on manual use of electric tightening tools for screw locking, with the increase of labor costs and the improvement of product quality requirements. Enterprises began to seek small aspect ratio screw automatic locking equipment instead of manual locking. In this paper, the motion control system of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio is designed for the locking technology of small aspect ratio screw, which realizes the high efficiency locking of small aspect ratio screw. First, the control scheme and electrical system of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio are designed for the process of locking screw with small aspect ratio. The key electrical components are selected and the wiring of the electrical system is completed. A prototype of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio is constructed, and the prototype is comprehensively debugged, which provides a hardware basis for the development of motion control software of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio. Secondly, the motion control software is developed by using the dynamic link library provided by the motion control card. The position control of the linear axis servo motor can be used to locate the position quickly and accurately, while the screw tightening is controlled by the torque method, which can accurately judge the tightening situation of the screw. The position of the electric batches is obtained by the information of the workpiece, and the automatic locking of the screws with small aspect ratio is realized. Thirdly, the mechanical structure is analyzed, based on the equipment motion coordinate system, the key points in the process of motion are selected, the curve fitting is carried out by MATLAB, the path equation is solved, and the motion path is optimized. Then the contour motion interpolation of the motion control card is used to realize the required motion curve, so as to improve the locking efficiency and reduce the vibration problem in the motion process of the equipment. Fourthly, the results of path optimization are evaluated through experiments. According to the locking time and vibration, the experiment is carried out to compare the time used to lock the same workpiece and the vibration of the machine before and after the optimization, and to judge the effect of path optimization. This design completes a set of motion control software for the control system of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio. The experimental results show that the average length to diameter ratio of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine is 19.08 s, which is about 4 s shorter than that of manual locking, and the success rate is 98.5%, which can meet the requirements of enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門理工學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U463.6

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本文編號(hào)：2054428