本文選題：無線信道 + 物理層安全��； 參考：《南京郵電大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著無線通信的飛速發(fā)展,人們享受著高新技術(shù)所帶來的前所未有的便捷。同時由無線媒介的廣播性和開放性所面臨的安全及隱私隱患,也嚴重影響著人們的生活,成為了學(xué)者研究的重點。傳統(tǒng)保障安全通信的技術(shù)由于量子時代的到來,傳統(tǒng)的加密方法很容易被破解。物理層密鑰生成技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)能夠避免了傳統(tǒng)加密技術(shù)中因密鑰分發(fā)而引起的泄密風(fēng)險,由于其充分利用通信雙方無線通信信道的互易性與時變性,不僅可以實現(xiàn)“一次一密”的動態(tài)密鑰生成,而且無需進行密鑰分發(fā),達到信息理論意義上的安全。本文針對大多數(shù)僅從單一的信道特征來考慮生成密鑰,在信道特性變化的場景下,可能存在適應(yīng)性不強、初始密鑰一致率較低等問題。本文提取無線信道中的信道幅度和信道相位信息聯(lián)合生成密鑰,對初始密鑰生成的誤比特率、隨機性以及密鑰容量等方面進行研究,主要的研究工作如下:(1)對基于無線信道特征的物理層密鑰生成方法進行了回顧與總結(jié),并比較了各自優(yōu)缺點。針對通信雙方初始生成密鑰的不一致性問題,研究了密鑰協(xié)商體系模型,從信息調(diào)和、一致性認證、保密增強這三個方面歸納總結(jié)了一些典型的技術(shù)和算法,并對比分析了其優(yōu)缺點。(2)基于窄帶平坦衰落信道,提出了一種聯(lián)合信道幅度和相位的二維無線物理層密鑰生成方法,該方法將估計出來的信道幅度和信道相位組合成一個極坐標點進行量化。仿真結(jié)果表明,與純相位生成密鑰的方法相比,本方法具有更低的初始密鑰不一致率。(3)在竊聽信道系統(tǒng)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,借助隨機變量以及信息熵的概念與性質(zhì),推導(dǎo)了基于通信雙方信道幅度和信道相位的密鑰容量,并以此作為理論基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計了一種自適應(yīng)多比特密鑰生成方案。仿真結(jié)果表明,該方案在生成速率和誤比特率之間實現(xiàn)了折衷。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication, people enjoy unprecedented convenience brought by high-tech. At the same time, the hidden dangers of security and privacy, which are faced by the broadcast and openness of wireless media, also seriously affect people's lives and become the focus of scholars' research. The traditional secure communication technology is easy to be cracked because of the arrival of quantum age. The emergence of physical layer key generation technology can avoid the risk of leakage caused by key distribution in traditional encryption technology, because it makes full use of the reciprocity and time-varying of wireless communication channel between the two sides of the communication. It can not only realize the dynamic key generation of "one secret at a time", but also achieve the security in the sense of information theory without the need for key distribution. In this paper, we consider the generation of keys only from a single channel feature. In the scenario of channel characteristics change, there may be some problems such as low adaptability and low initial key consistency rate. In this paper, the channel amplitude and channel phase information are extracted from the wireless channel to generate the key, and the bit error rate, randomness and key capacity of the initial key generation are studied. The main research work is as follows: (1) the physical layer key generation methods based on wireless channel features are reviewed and summarized, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. Aiming at the inconsistency of the initial key generation between the two communication parties, the key agreement system model is studied, and some typical techniques and algorithms are summarized from the aspects of information reconciliation, consistency authentication and security enhancement. Based on narrow band flat fading channel, this paper proposes a two-dimensional physical layer key generation method combining channel amplitude and phase. In this method, the estimated channel amplitude and phase are combined into a polar coordinate point for quantization. The simulation results show that compared with the pure phase key generation method, this method has a lower initial key inconsistency rate. It is based on the eavesdropping channel system model, with the help of random variables and the concept and properties of information entropy. The key capacity based on channel amplitude and channel phase is derived, and an adaptive multi-bit key generation scheme is designed. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a tradeoff between the generation rate and the bit error rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN918.4

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本文編號：1979279