本文選題：大規(guī)模MIMO + 天線選擇　； 參考：《北京交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著無線通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展和移動智能終端的普及,傳統(tǒng)MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)技術(shù)已經(jīng)難以支持日益增長的無線數(shù)據(jù)流量需求。大規(guī)模MIMO(Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)作為傳統(tǒng)MIMO技術(shù)的擴展和演進,在不增加發(fā)射功率和不拓展帶寬的前提下,通過部署大量的天線,充分挖掘空間維度資源,能夠提供相當大的復用和分集增益,從而顯著提升頻譜效率和信道容量。傳統(tǒng)的MIMO技術(shù)要求配備與天線數(shù)等量的射頻鏈路,由于大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)中天線眾多,如果按照傳統(tǒng)的方式進行配置,將使得系統(tǒng)硬件成本以及系統(tǒng)復雜度大幅度上升。與此同時,增加的射頻鏈路會導致射頻功耗的提高,不利于實現(xiàn)能量效率優(yōu)先的綠色通信。天線選擇技術(shù)能夠在不影響大規(guī)模MIMO技術(shù)優(yōu)勢的前提下,顯著降低射頻成本和系統(tǒng)復雜度,并且優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)的能量效率。因此,本文對大規(guī)模MIMO中的天線選擇技術(shù)進行了分析和研究。論文的主要內(nèi)容如下:論文首先闡述了大規(guī)模MIMO自身的優(yōu)勢與面臨的挑戰(zhàn),通過對天線選擇技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀和經(jīng)典的天線選擇算法的分析和介紹,闡明了天線選擇技術(shù)對于大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)的必要性。針對大規(guī)模MIMO的特點,在信道容量最大化的準則下,提出了相應(yīng)的解決方案。雙向搜索天線選擇算法能夠靈活應(yīng)對不同的選擇天線數(shù)需求,并保持較低的計算復雜度;基于矩陣體積的改進Maxvol天線選擇算法可以實現(xiàn)全局優(yōu)化的快速天線子集選擇,同時改善了低信噪比情況的性能;新型低復雜度的收發(fā)聯(lián)合天線選擇算法可以達到與單側(cè)天線選擇計算復雜度相當?shù)目焖俾?lián)合天線選擇,通過仿真驗證了上述算法的有效性。針對天線選擇技術(shù)在大規(guī)模MIMO能量效率優(yōu)化方面的作用進行了研究。首先根據(jù)大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)的特性,推導了多用戶大規(guī)模MIMO的和容量表達式,分析單用戶大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng)天線選擇與能量效率優(yōu)化之間的關(guān)系,進而擴展到多用戶場景,建立了多用戶大規(guī)模MIMO天線選擇能量效率模型,討論了能量效率與選擇天線數(shù)量之間的關(guān)系,通過數(shù)學推導證明了使得系統(tǒng)能量效率最大化的最優(yōu)天線數(shù)的存在性與唯一性,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了基于二分查找的天線選擇算法,在最優(yōu)天線數(shù)確定后,能量效率優(yōu)化問題轉(zhuǎn)化為容量優(yōu)化問題。仿真結(jié)果表明,針對大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng),天線選擇技術(shù)具有顯著提高系統(tǒng)能量效率的作用,對于實現(xiàn)綠色通信具有重要價值。
[Abstract]:With the development of wireless communication technology and the popularity of mobile intelligent terminals, the traditional MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output technology has been difficult to support the increasing demand for wireless data traffic. Large-scale MIMO(Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, as an extension and evolution of traditional MIMO technology, can provide considerable multiplexing and diversity gain by deploying a large number of antennas and fully mining spatial dimension resources without increasing transmission power and bandwidth. Thus, spectrum efficiency and channel capacity are significantly improved. The traditional MIMO technology requires RF links equal to the number of antennas. Because of the large number of antennas in large scale MIMO systems, the hardware cost and complexity of the system will be greatly increased if the system is configured in the traditional way. At the same time, the increase of RF link will lead to the increase of RF power consumption, which is not conducive to the realization of energy efficiency priority green communication. Antenna selection technology can significantly reduce the RF cost and system complexity without affecting the advantages of large-scale MIMO technology and optimize the energy efficiency of the system. Therefore, the antenna selection technique in large-scale MIMO is analyzed and studied in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the advantages and challenges of large-scale MIMO are described, and the research status of antenna selection technology and the analysis and introduction of classical antenna selection algorithm are introduced. The necessity of antenna selection for large scale MIMO systems is expounded. According to the characteristics of large scale MIMO, a corresponding solution is proposed under the criterion of maximization of channel capacity. Two-way search antenna selection algorithm can flexibly respond to different antenna selection requirements and maintain low computational complexity. Improved Maxvol antenna selection algorithm based on matrix volume can achieve global optimization of fast antenna subset selection. At the same time, the performance of low SNR is improved. A new low complexity antenna selection algorithm can achieve fast antenna selection with the same computational complexity as single side antenna selection. The simulation results show that the algorithm is effective. The effect of antenna selection technology on energy efficiency optimization of large scale MIMO is studied. Firstly, according to the characteristics of large-scale MIMO system, the sum capacity expression of multi-user large-scale MIMO is derived, and the relationship between antenna selection and energy efficiency optimization of single-user large-scale MIMO system is analyzed, which is extended to multi-user scenarios. A multi-user large-scale MIMO antenna selection energy efficiency model is established, and the relationship between energy efficiency and the number of selected antennas is discussed. The existence and uniqueness of the optimal number of antennas that maximize the energy efficiency of the system are proved by mathematical derivation. On this basis, an antenna selection algorithm based on binary search is proposed. After the optimal number of antennas is determined, the energy efficiency optimization problem is transformed into the capacity optimization problem. The simulation results show that antenna selection technology can significantly improve the energy efficiency of large scale MIMO systems and is of great value to the realization of green communication.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN919.3

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