本文選題：平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波 + 射頻渦旋波束　； 參考：《浙江大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：無線通信和人類的生活息息相關(guān)。隨著智能終端的普及和移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的飛速發(fā)展,人們對數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率的需求呈指數(shù)級不斷提升,如何進一步提高通信容量一直是無線通信領(lǐng)域迫切需要解決的問題。軌道角動量(OAM)作為電磁波的一項基本屬性,近年來引起了眾多學者的廣泛關(guān)注。由于攜帶不同軌道角動量的電磁波之間是完全正交的,軌道角動量可以作為一個新的維度來攜載信息,并具有提升通信系統(tǒng)容量的潛力。在射頻領(lǐng)域,由于攜帶軌道角動量的渦旋電磁波具有不可避免的波束發(fā)散性和中心相位奇點問題,在實際通信系統(tǒng)中對其接收和解調(diào)提出了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。在接收端天線口徑有限的情況下,不同態(tài)的渦旋電磁波之間的正交性會被破壞,通信容量并得不到提高。本文從電磁波的軌道角動量的物理原理出發(fā),分析了射頻軌道角動量電磁波的發(fā)展和研究現(xiàn)狀,針對其特有的發(fā)散和相位奇點問題,提出了一種新型的渦旋波束,即平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波(PSOAM)。這種波束沿平面?zhèn)鞑?不同態(tài)波束的發(fā)散角一致,可有效避免相位奇點問題。本文對平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波的產(chǎn)生方式、傳播特性和潛在應(yīng)用進行了詳盡的研究和細致的闡述。本文首先提出了產(chǎn)生平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波的三種天線的理論模型:環(huán)形行波天線、同軸諧振腔天線和回音壁模式介質(zhì)諧振腔天線,天線的仿真和實驗結(jié)果也驗證了產(chǎn)生的波束不僅保持了渦旋波束的特性而且是沿平面?zhèn)鞑サ�。在闡述了平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波的相關(guān)機理和優(yōu)勢之后,本文提出了 一系列基于這種電磁波的潛在應(yīng)用,分析了相關(guān)應(yīng)用的理論模型并進行了實驗驗證。第一,將平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波和現(xiàn)有的多輸入多輸出通信系統(tǒng)(MIMO)相結(jié)合,提出了一種新型的基于平面渦旋波束的多入多出系統(tǒng)(PSOAM-MIMO),首次了證明利用了射頻軌道角動量波束的無線通信系統(tǒng)可以提升通信系統(tǒng)容量。我們對這個系統(tǒng)在直射信道和非直射信道下的系統(tǒng)性能分別進行了詳細的分析,進行了相關(guān)實驗,實驗結(jié)果與理論分析吻合,驗證了模型的正確性和系統(tǒng)的可行性。第二,將多個不同態(tài)的平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波組合進行波束賦形(PSOAM-BF)。相比于傳統(tǒng)的相控陣波束賦形的方法,利用平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波進行波束賦形具有饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡單、掃描時波束形狀固定、合成的波束仍具有正交性、有希望繼續(xù)增加頻譜效率等優(yōu)勢;本文詳細研究了影響波束形狀的相關(guān)參數(shù)并進行了實驗驗證。平面螺旋軌道角動量電磁波作射頻軌道角動量波束的一種,具有實現(xiàn)簡單、各態(tài)方向性一致、鏈路估計一致等優(yōu)勢,能夠和現(xiàn)有的多入多出系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合,實現(xiàn)更好的系統(tǒng)性能,在未來的無線通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)和雷達系統(tǒng)中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Wireless communication is closely related to human life. With the popularity of intelligent terminals and the rapid development of mobile Internet, the demand for data transmission rate is increasing exponentially. How to further improve the communication capacity has been an urgent problem in wireless communication field. Orbital angular momentum (OAM), as a basic attribute of electromagnetic waves, has attracted extensive attention of many scholars in recent years. Because the electromagnetic waves carrying different orbital angular momentum are completely orthogonal, orbital angular momentum can be used as a new dimension to carry information and has the potential to enhance the capacity of communication systems. In the RF field, due to the inevitable beam divergence and the singularity of the central phase of the vortex electromagnetic wave with orbital angular momentum, it is a great challenge to receive and demodulate it in practical communication systems. Under the limited aperture of the antenna at the receiving end, the orthogonality of vortex electromagnetic waves in different states will be destroyed, and the communication capacity will not be improved. In this paper, based on the physical principle of orbital angular momentum of electromagnetic wave, the development and research status of RF orbital angular momentum electromagnetic wave are analyzed, and a new type of vortex beam is proposed for its peculiar divergence and phase singularity. That is the planar spiral orbit angular momentum electromagnetic wave PSOAM. This kind of beam propagates along the plane, and the divergence angle of different states is the same, which can effectively avoid the phase singularity problem. In this paper, the generation mode, propagation characteristics and potential applications of planar helical orbital angular momentum electromagnetic wave are discussed in detail. In this paper, the theoretical models of three kinds of antennas producing planar helical orbit angular momentum electromagnetic waves are proposed: the annular traveling wave antenna, the coaxial resonator antenna and the echo-mode dielectric resonator antenna. The simulation and experimental results of the antenna show that the generated beam not only keeps the characteristics of the vortex beam but also propagates along the plane. After explaining the relative mechanism and advantages of planar helical orbit angular momentum electromagnetic wave, a series of potential applications based on this kind of electromagnetic wave are proposed, and the theoretical model of the related application is analyzed and verified by experiments. First, the planar helical orbit angular momentum electromagnetic wave is combined with the existing multi-input multi-output communication system (MIMOO). A new multi-input multi-output system (PSOAM-MIMOA) based on planar vortex beam is proposed. It is proved for the first time that the radio communication system using the RF orbit angular momentum beam can enhance the capacity of the communication system. The performance of the system in direct channel and non-direct channel is analyzed in detail, and the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis, which verifies the correctness of the model and the feasibility of the system. Secondly, several planar helical orbital angular momentum electromagnetic waves with different states are combined to form a beamforming PSOAM-BFF. Compared with the traditional beamforming method of phased array, the beamforming using planar helical orbit angular momentum electromagnetic wave has the advantages of simple feed network, fixed beam shape during scanning and orthogonality of the synthesized beam. It is hopeful to continue to increase the spectral efficiency. The related parameters affecting the shape of the beam are studied in detail and verified by experiments. The planar helical orbit angular momentum electromagnetic wave is a kind of radio frequency orbit angular momentum beam. It has the advantages of simple realization, uniform orientation of all states, consistent link estimation, and so on. It can be combined with the existing multi-input multi-output system to achieve better system performance. It is widely used in future wireless communication networks and radar systems.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN92;O441.4
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本文編號：1929702