本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡 + 拓撲結構生成��； 參考：《遼寧大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)是將大量傳感器節(jié)點隨機播撒在監(jiān)測區(qū)域中,分布式自組織成連通的網(wǎng)絡;而生成及維護負載均衡的拓撲結構對于延長WSN的生命周期有重要作用。因此,針對WSN的特點與限制,以及農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境監(jiān)控的實際需求,提出了波紋式蔓延拓撲結構生成算法及其自維護算法。本文主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,本文對WSN及拓撲控制技術相關概念進行概述,并對國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀和先進的拓撲控制算法進行深入研究與分析,挖掘其中存在的缺陷。其次,針對發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題及農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的實際需求,本文提出了波紋式蔓延拓撲結構生成算法(Spreading Like Ripples Topology Generation Algorithm,SLR-TG)。該算法以Sink節(jié)點為中心,在其鄰居節(jié)點中,考慮到節(jié)點的間距、節(jié)點的密度和節(jié)點的剩余能量,選擇最優(yōu)簇頭加入主干網(wǎng);然后,對所選簇頭的鄰居節(jié)點進行分簇;接著,選出的簇頭重復Sink節(jié)點的操作,向周圍一圈一圈蔓延擴散;最后,快速地生成負載均衡的拓撲網(wǎng)絡。再次,針對主干網(wǎng)上的簇頭節(jié)點因進行數(shù)據(jù)融合和頻繁地通信導致節(jié)點能量消耗過快而產(chǎn)生的網(wǎng)絡熱點問題和因節(jié)點能量耗盡或環(huán)境等因素導致節(jié)點失效而產(chǎn)生的網(wǎng)絡空洞問題,本文提出了拓撲結構自維護算法(Spreading Like Ripples Topology Automatic Maintenance Algorithm,SLR-TAM)。該算法會自動檢測能量低于閾值及失效的簇頭節(jié)點,自動尋找最優(yōu)的替代節(jié)點作為新的簇頭,修復斷開的網(wǎng)絡,使得網(wǎng)絡重新連通,增加網(wǎng)絡的壽命。最后,利用仿真軟件NS-2對本文提出算法的性能進行驗證,得出以下結論:本文提出的SLR-TG算法和SLR-TAM算法與Improved-LEACH算法、LEUC算法、RCS算法相比,簇頭數(shù)目變化更加平穩(wěn),拓撲結構的負載和能耗更加均衡,提升了網(wǎng)絡的生命周期。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) is a distributed self-organizing network that distributes a large number of sensor nodes randomly in the monitoring area, and the generation and maintenance of a load-balanced topology plays an important role in prolonging the lifetime of WSN. Therefore, according to the characteristics and limitations of WSN, and the actual needs of agricultural environment monitoring, a corrugated spread topology generation algorithm and its self-maintenance algorithm are proposed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, this paper summarizes the related concepts of WSN and topology control technology, and deeply studies and analyzes the current research situation and advanced topology control algorithms at home and abroad. Secondly, aiming at the problems found and the actual demand of the agricultural production environment, this paper proposes a corrugated Like Ripples Topology Generation algorithm to generate the corrugated Like Ripples Topology Generation algorithm SLR-TGG. The algorithm takes the Sink node as the center, considers the distance of the nodes, the density of the nodes and the residual energy of the nodes, and selects the optimal cluster head to join the backbone network. Then, the neighbor nodes of the selected cluster heads are clustered. The selected cluster head repeats the operation of the Sink node and spreads around it. Finally, the load balancing topology network is generated quickly. Again, Aiming at the network hot spot problem caused by data fusion and frequent communication of cluster head node on backbone network and the network void problem caused by node energy depletion or environment, etc., the cluster head node on the backbone network has the problem of network hot spot caused by data fusion and frequent communication, and the network void problem caused by the node energy depletion or environmental factors, etc. In this paper, a topology self-maintenance algorithm is presented. The algorithm will automatically detect cluster head nodes whose energy is lower than threshold and failure, and automatically find the optimal replacement node as the new cluster head, repair the broken network, make the network reconnect and increase the network lifetime. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by the simulation software NS-2, and the following conclusions are drawn: compared with the Improved-LEACH algorithm, the SLR-TG algorithm and the SLR-TAM algorithm are more stable than the Improved-LEACH algorithm. The load and energy consumption of topology are more balanced, and the life cycle of the network is improved.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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