本文選題：室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng) + GPS��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,由于智慧家庭的橫空出世,導(dǎo)致各種智能硬件產(chǎn)品如雨后春筍一樣的都迸發(fā)出來了,定位系統(tǒng)也成為了網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的熱搜關(guān)鍵詞。雖然室外定位有比較成熟GPS(Global Positioning System)系統(tǒng)解決方案,并且該定位系統(tǒng)的定位精度達到了M級,對室外定位的需求基本可以滿足。但生活中,人們不僅有對室外定外的需求,隨著科技的發(fā)展,人們對與室內(nèi)定位的呼聲越來越高。但是由于GPS在室內(nèi)定位中存在嚴重的多徑干擾以及室內(nèi)環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性,導(dǎo)致了GPS應(yīng)用在室內(nèi)定位精度大幅度下降,基本很難滿足用戶的需求。為此,提出了一種基于UWB的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方案,只需要在定位的室內(nèi)部署傳感器節(jié)點,分為四個錨節(jié)點和一個被定位的標簽節(jié)點。通過錨節(jié)點與標簽節(jié)點信息交互,得到時間差,通過nRF24L01把時間差傳送給上位機,上位機軟件利用改進的TDOA算法和卡爾曼濾波算法,對得到的數(shù)據(jù)進行誤差分析,數(shù)據(jù)融合,通過一系列的算法計算出目標物體相對于錨節(jié)點的相對位置,并以圓點的方式在上位機中顯示出來,便于用戶觀察目標物體的相對位置。傳統(tǒng)的定位算法難點在于各個節(jié)點之間的時鐘同步,以及時鐘漂移帶來的誤差累計,這樣會導(dǎo)致定位誤差越來越大。在本文中,首先改進了TDOA算法,利用其中一個Anchor節(jié)點作為整個系統(tǒng)的時鐘參考點,其廣播一條通信幀到整個系統(tǒng)中,啟動所有的Anchor節(jié)點,從而達到了Anchor之間的時鐘同步,降低了時鐘同步的難度,為減少時鐘漂移的誤差,并且在改進的TDOA算法中嵌入了卡爾曼濾波算法,修正和減少了時鐘誤差,提高了定位精度。最后的真實環(huán)境的測試結(jié)果表明,本論文中的定位系統(tǒng)的定位精度可以達到20cm左右,并且抗多徑能力強、穩(wěn)定性高。本文的研究成果可以為在復(fù)雜室內(nèi)環(huán)境的情況下,實現(xiàn)無線傳感器室內(nèi)高精度定位提供理論參考,同時本文中的無線傳感器室內(nèi)定位系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn),可以對市面上的室內(nèi)定位的商業(yè)化做出有益的探索。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the birth of intelligent family, all kinds of intelligent hardware products have burst out, and the location system has become a hot search keyword on the network. Although there is a mature GPS(Global Positioning system solution for outdoor positioning, and the positioning accuracy of the system reaches M level, the requirement of outdoor positioning can be basically satisfied. But in life, people not only have the demand for outdoor positioning, with the development of science and technology, people are more and more vocal about indoor positioning. However, due to the serious multipath interference in indoor positioning and the complexity of indoor environment, the accuracy of GPS application in indoor positioning is greatly reduced, and it is difficult to meet the needs of users. Therefore, a design scheme of indoor positioning system for wireless sensor networks based on UWB is proposed. It only needs to deploy sensor nodes in the location room, which is divided into four anchor nodes and one tagged node. Through the information interaction between anchor node and label node, the time difference is obtained, and the time difference is transmitted to the host computer through nRF24L01. The software of upper computer uses the improved TDOA algorithm and Kalman filter algorithm to analyze the error of the obtained data and fuse the data. Through a series of algorithms, the relative position of the target object relative to the anchor node is calculated and displayed in the host computer in the form of a dot, which is convenient for the user to observe the relative position of the target object. The difficulty of the traditional localization algorithm lies in the clock synchronization between each node and the accumulation of errors caused by the clock drift, which will lead to more and more errors. In this paper, we first improve the TDOA algorithm, use one of the Anchor nodes as the clock reference point of the whole system, broadcast a communication frame to the whole system, start all the Anchor nodes, and achieve the clock synchronization between Anchor. In order to reduce the error of clock drift and to reduce the difficulty of clock synchronization, the Kalman filter algorithm is embedded in the improved TDOA algorithm, which corrects and reduces the clock error and improves the positioning accuracy. Finally, the test results of real environment show that the positioning accuracy of the positioning system in this paper can reach about 20cm, and the anti-multipath ability is strong and the stability is high. The research results in this paper can provide a theoretical reference for the realization of high precision indoor positioning of wireless sensors in complex indoor environment. At the same time, the design and implementation of wireless sensor indoor positioning system in this paper. It can make a beneficial exploration for the commercialization of indoor positioning on the market.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN925

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 SHAN Weiwei;WANG Xuexiang;LIU Xinning;SUN Huafang;;An Ultra Low Steady-State Current Power-on-Reset Circuit in 65nm CMOS Technology[J];Chinese Journal of Electronics;2014年04期

2 侯國利;吳壽勇;茍孟洛;;UWB高精度定位系統(tǒng)中標簽的設(shè)計[J];中國集成電路;2014年Z1期

3 王海燕;楊艷華;;Proteus和Keil軟件在單片機實驗教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J];實驗室研究與探索;2012年05期

4 周文婷;朱巖;;基于TDOA的無線定位系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用與分析[J];計算機與現(xiàn)代化;2012年01期

5 楊旭;李德敏;張謙益;;基于nRF24L01的一種無線通信協(xié)議設(shè)計[J];通信技術(shù);2011年07期

6 王濤;;基于nRF24L01的2.4GHz無線通信系統(tǒng)設(shè)計[J];無線電通信技術(shù);2011年03期

7 毛永毅;張穎;;非視距傳播環(huán)境下的AOA定位跟蹤算法[J];計算機應(yīng)用;2011年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 王曄;短距離室內(nèi)無線信道傳播特性研究[D];南京郵電大學(xué);2014年

2 王秀貞;超寬帶無線通信及其定位技術(shù)研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 王雪延;基于UWB基站配置的室內(nèi)定位研究[D];西安電子科技大學(xué);2014年

2 費杰能;基于UWB的自組織無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的設(shè)計研究[D];北京郵電大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號：1814552